Determinanti del basso rendimento accademico universitario: analisi dell'impatto delle variabili precedenti l'ingresso all'università

Mejora del rendimiento académico en la asignatura Química de 1º de Grado en Química, Ing. Química, Optometría y Biología. Enfoque preventivo y diagnóstico. Análisis de factores (sociodemográficos, académicos y uso de TIC) al inicio de 1º curso.Depto. de Química InorgánicaFac. de Ciencias QuímicasFALSEunpu

Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de microorganismos causantes de infección de vías urinarias bajas en un hospital pediátrico

Introducción: La infección del tracto urinario en los niños es reconocida como una causa de morbilidad y de condiciones médicas crónicas, por lo que resulta indispensable conocer con claridad la patogénesis de esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, la resistencia creciente complica su tratamiento ya que aumenta la morbilidad, los costos, la estancia hospitalaria y el uso de fármacos de mayor espectro antimicrobiano. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de los uropatógenos aislados en niños. Métodos: Se incluyeron en el estudio 457 niños que asistieron a la consulta externa y a urgencias del Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, con síntomas de infección del tracto urinario baja no complicada. La orina fue tomada a la mitad del chorro o por cateterismo, y se realizó la identificación y la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana. Resultados: Los patógenos aislados con mayor frecuencia fueron: Escherichia coli (E. coli) (312, 68.3%), Enterococcus spp. (42, 11%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) (40, 8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (34, 7.5%), Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) (21, 4.5%), Enterobacter cloacae (8, 1.7%). La resistencia para trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol fue del 73.7, 62.2, 100, 52, 50%,respectivamente, para E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis y Enterobacter spp., del 92.5% para Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) y del 49.9% para Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium). Para ampicilina fue del 86.3, 45, 100, 47.9 y 66.6% para las mismas bacterias, respectivamente. Para ciprofloxacina del 33.8, 9, 18.8, 0 y 0%; para nitrofurantoína del 4.4, 13, 97.7, 70, 0% para enterobacterias, del 0% para E. faecalis y del 16.7% para E. faecium. Conclusiones: Los antimicrobianos frecuentemente prescritos para el tratamiento empírico de la infección del tracto urinario no complicada demuestran resistencia importante o baja susceptibilidad cuando se les probó frente a las cepas aisladas

Influence du changement de méthodologie d'enseignement-apprentissage et d'évaluation, du présentiel au on-line, sur l'apprentissage des contenus, les compétences et les performances académiques des étudiants de première année de licence à l'UCM

Debido a Covid-19, el cambio en el modo de enseñar y evaluar al alumnado, con más énfasis en el campus virtual, afectará sensiblemente al curso 2020-2021. Se analiza la influencia sobre el aprendizaje y rendimiento académico de la asignatura Química en los estudiantes de 1º curso de varios grados de ciencias de la UCM.Due to Covid-19, the change in the way of teaching and evaluating students, with more emphasis on the virtual campus, will significantly affect the 2020-2021 academic year. We analyze the influence on the learning and academic performance of the subject Chemistry in 1st year students of several science degrees of the UCM.En raison de Covid-19, le changement dans la façon d'enseigner et d'évaluer les étudiants, en mettant davantage l'accent sur le campus virtuel, affectera considérablement l'année universitaire 2020-2021. Nous analysons l'influence sur l'apprentissage et la performance académique de la matière Chimie chez les étudiants de 1ère année de plusieurs licences scientifiques de l'UCM.Fac. de Ciencias QuímicasFALSEVicerrectorado de Calidad, Universidad Complutense de Madrid.submitte

Identification of extensive drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains: New clone ST1725 and high-risk clone ST233.

Several microorganisms produce nosocomial infections (NIs), among which Pseudomonas aeruginosa stands out as an opportunist pathogen with the capacity to develop multiresistance to first-choice antibiotics. From 2007 to 2013, forty-six NIs produced by P. aeruginosa were detected at a pediatric tertiary care hospital in Mexico with a significant mortality rate (17.39%). All isolates (n = 58/46 patients) were characterized by evaluating their response to several antibiotics as panresistant (PDR), extensively resistant (XDR), multiresistant (MDR) or sensitive (S). In addition, all isolates were typified through multilocus sequencing of seven genes: acsA, aroE, guaA, mutL, nuoD, ppsA and trpE. Furthermore, to establish the genetic relationships among these isolates, we carried out a phylogenetic inference analysis using maximum likelihood to construct a phylogenetic network. To assess evolutionary parameters, recombination was evaluated using the PHI test, and the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions was determined. Two of the strains were PDR (ST1725); 42 were XDR; four were MDR; and ten were S. Twenty-one new sequence types were detected. Thirty-three strains exhibited novel sequence type ST1725. The ratio of nonsynonym to synonym substitutions was 1:1 considering all genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genetic relationship of the PDR, XDR and MDR strains was mainly clonal; however, the PHI test and the phylogenetic network suggest that recombination events occurred to produce a non-clonal population. This study aimed not only to determine the genetic diversity of clinical P. aeruginosa but also to provide a warning regarding the identification and spreading of clone ST1725, its ability to cause outbreaks with high mortality rates, and to remain in the hospital environment for over seven years. These characteristics highlight the need to identify clonal outbreaks, especially where high resistance to most antibiotics is observed, and control measures are needed. This study also represents the first report of the PDR ST1725

Migraciones y movilidades en el centro de México

Migraciones y movilidades en el centro de México es un esfuerzo interinstitucional en el que los científicos participantes ponen en la mesa problemáticas fundamentales para tratar de entender algunos de los fenómenos más significativos en la materia, ubicados en siete entidades de la república: la Ciudad de México y los estados de Hidalgo, Morelos, México, Puebla, Querétaro y Tlaxcala. La región que conforman estas entidades constituyen uno de los puntos neurálgicos del desarrollo nacional.Centro de Investigación y Estudios en Movilidades y migraciones Internacionales Consejo Nacional de Población Sociedad Mexicana de Demografía Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Red Temática Trabajo y Condiciones Laborales de la UNA

A predictive clinical-genetic model of tissue plasminogen activator response in acute ischemic stroke

Wide interindividual variability exists in response to tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) treatment in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. We aimed to find genetic variations associated with hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and mortality rates after t-PA. We then generated a clinical-genetic model for predicting t-PA response

RP11-362K2.2 : RP11-767I20.1 Genetic Variation Is Associated with Post-Reperfusion Therapy Parenchymal Hematoma. A GWAS Meta-Analysis

Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and disability. Reperfusion therapies are the only treatment available during the acute phase of stroke. Due to recent clinical trials, these therapies may increase their frequency of use by extending the time-window administration, which may lead to an increase in complications such as hemorrhagic transformation, with parenchymal hematoma (PH) being the more severe subtype, associated with higher mortality and disability rates. Our aim was to find genetic risk factors associated with PH, as that could provide molecular targets/pathways for their prevention/treatment and study its genetic correlations to find traits sharing genetic background. We performed a GWAS and meta-analysis, following standard quality controls and association analysis (fastGWAS), adjusting age, NIHSS, and principal components. FUMA was used to annotate, prioritize, visualize, and interpret the meta-analysis results. The total number of patients in the meta-analysis was 2034 (216 cases and 1818 controls). We found rs79770152 having a genome-wide significant association (beta 0.09, p-value 3.90 x 10(-8)) located in the RP11-362K2.2:RP11-767I20.1 gene and a suggestive variant (rs13297983: beta 0.07, p-value 6.10 x 10(-8)) located in PCSK5 associated with PH occurrence. The genetic correlation showed a shared genetic background of PH with Alzheimer's disease and white matter hyperintensities. In addition, genes containing the ten most significant associations have been related to aggregated amyloid-beta, tau protein, white matter microstructure, inflammation, and matrix metalloproteinases.Peer reviewe

Antimicrobial susceptibility and classification of <i>P</i>.<i>aeruginosa</i> strains as PDR, XDR, MDR or S.

<p>Antimicrobial susceptibility and classification of <i>P</i>.<i>aeruginosa</i> strains as PDR, XDR, MDR or S.</p