Planificación deportiva municipal: los itinerarios de práctica física

La Planificación en el Área Deportiva Municipal es un proceso deductivo progresivo por el que se prevé la forma de satisfacer necesidades ciudadanas, mediante actividad física organizada o inducida. Uno de los momentos de dicho proceso es la interpretación de las estrategias, a partir de las cuales dirigir lo previsto al destinatario final de la Planificación. En este artículo se introduce a una renovada forma, para el fomento de la actividad física municipal, basada en la realización estratégica de convenios de colaboración entre la Administración Local y otras entidades públicas o privadas de la localidad (centros educativos, centros sanitarios, clubes deportivos,...), con el propósito de interconectar explícitamente los subsistemas del Sistema de Acción Motriz Local (¿Sistema Deportivo Local¿). Dichos convenios deben abrir cauces o itinerarios para acuerdos que, al amparo jurídico y científico, conecten diferentes intenciones, organizaciones, programaciones y ejecuciones relativas a la práctica física local. De esa forma, se presenta a continuación la base teórica de tres Itinerarios de Práctica Física: Educativos, Deportivos y Sanitarios; así como tres directrices que deben ser trabajadas transversalmente a cada uno de ellos: multiactividad física (¿polideportividad¿), recreación y Agenda 21 Local para Corella (Navarra)

Assessment of the combined use of MSW and autochthonous tree species for the phytomanagement of mine wastes under semiarid climate

[SPA] El fitomanejo se considera una técnica adecuada para reducir los riesgos ambientales de depósitos mineros abandonados. Las enmiendas orgánicas y el empleo de árboles se han utilizado con éxito en estos suelos contaminados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la adición de un residuos sólido urbano (RSU) en el crecimiento y fraccionamiento de metal(oid)es en dos especies arbóreas (P. halepensis y T. articulata) creciendo en residuos mineros. Para alcanzar los objetivos de este trabajo se llevó a cabo un experimento en macetas. El RSU mejoró los parámetros de fertilidad de suelo y aumentó la biomasa de ambas especies, aunque favoreció una mayor translocación de metales en P. halepensis. Se concluyó que el uso para el fitomanejo de residuos mineros de P. halepensis y T. articulata puede ser apropiado acompañado del uso de esta enmienda. [ENG] Phytomanagement is considered a suitable tool to reduce the environmental risks of abandoned mine tailings. Organic amendments and trees have been successfully used on metal contaminated land. The goal of this work was to assess the effects of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) addition on plant growth and metal(loid) partitioning in two tree plant species (P. halepensis and T. articulata) growing on mine tailings. In order to achieve the objective of this work a pot experiment was carried out. The MSW improved soil fertility parameters and thus, plant growth in both plant species but also metal translocation in P. halepensis. It was concluded that the positive effects of MSW on plant growth may justify its employment in the phytomanagement of abandoned mine tailings.This project has been funded by MINECO-FEDER (CGL2014-54029-R, Project ECOMIN) and Seneca Foundation (19248/PI/14). Obdulia Martínez holds a FPI contract (BES-2015- 075838) from MINECO

Metal mobility assessment in semiarid mine tailings amended with biochar and urban compost: results of a bioassay employing a pioneer plant species

[SPA] El fitomanejo permite reducir el riesgo ambiental de balsas mineras abandonadas. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la movilidad de metales en balsas mineras enmendadas con biochar y/o compost urbano y la efectividad de las enmiendas reduciendo la toxicidad de la solución edáfica para una planta pionera (Zygophyllum fabago). Se llevó a cabo un experimento en mesocosmos (20 meses) con residuo minero con y sin enmienda. Los mesocosmos se mantuvieron a capacidad de campo con agua de la red y se drenaron en diferentes momentos. Se monitorizó la solución edáfica regularmente (pH, conductividad eléctrica, carbono orgánico soluble –COS--, nitrógeno total soluble –NTS- y metales -Mn, Zn-), al igual que el drenaje. Se realizó un bioensayo con semillas de Z. fabago con la solución edáfica de mitad del experimento (germinación de semillas, crecimiento de plántulas). Los tratamientos con compost urbano mostraron mayor concentración inicial de COS y metales en solución. Se observó un descenso temporal de la concentración de DOC y metales en la solución edáfica debido a su lixiviación en el drenaje. A pesar del mayor contenido de metales, el compost urbano favoreció la elongación de la raíz debido al mayor contenido de COS y NTS en solución. [ENG] Phytomanagement allows to reduce the environmental risks of abandoned mine tailings. The aim of this work was to assess metal mobility in mine tailings amended with biochar and/or urban compost and the effectiveness of these amendments for reducing the toxicity of soil solution to a pioneer plant species (Zygophyllum fabago). A mesocosm experiment was performed (20 months) with mine wastes with and without amendment. Mesocosms were maintained at field capacity with tap water and drained at different times. Soil solution was regularly monitored (pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved organic carbon –DOC-, dissolved total nitrogen –TDN- and metals -Mn, Zn-), as well as drainage. A bioassay with seeds of Z. fabago was performed with midterm soil solution (seed germination, seedling performance). Treatments containing urban compost showed higher initial DOC and metal concentrations in solution. A decrease of DOC and metal concentrations in soil solution with time occurred due to their lixiviation in the drainage water. In spite of the higher metal pool, urban compost favoured root length due to its greater content of DOC and TDN in soil solution.Financial support for this research was provided by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain and FEDER (Project CTM2014-54029-R) and Fundación Séneca de CARM (19248/PI/14). Obdulia Martínez holds a FPI contract from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain (BES-2015-075838). Dr. González-Alcaraz holds a Marie Skłodowska-Curie contract (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, Project ID 704332)

The combined used of tree species and biochar amendments for the phytomanagement of mine tailings under semiarid climate

[SPA] La presente propuesta de tesis doctoral busca aportar soluciones científico-técnicas para la revegetación de residuos procedentes de las labores de concentración de mineral (balsas mineras) en el contexto semiárido de la Sierra de Cartagena-La Unión, como una estrategia de restauración ambiental sostenible a medio y largo plazo que incluya la reducción de los riesgos de ecotoxicidad asociados a la presencia de metales y metaloides. Para ello se estudiará el efecto del biochar (sólo y en combinación con otra enmienda orgánica) sobre el comportamiento biogeoquímico y la toxicidad de residuos mineros y si dicho efecto puede favorecer el papel de Pinus halepensis y Tetraclinis articulata como especies clave para la restauración de balsas mineras. Además, se realizarán muestreos de ecología de las comunidades vegetales asociadas a éstas dos especies que crecen espontáneamente en balsas mineras. Por último, se practicarán bioensayos de ecotoxicidad con semillas, plántulas e invertebrados edáficos. [ENG] The present PhD Thesis proposal aims to provide technical-scientific solutions for the reclamation of mine tailings in the semiarid area of the Sierra de Cartagena-La Unión, as a strategy for achieving a sustainable environmental restoration. The reduction of risks associated to metal(loid)s will be also considered. In order to achieve this aim, the effects of biochar addition (alone and in combination with other organic amendment) on the biogeochemical behavior and ecotoxicity of the mine tailings will be studied. In addition, the role of Pinus halepensis and Tetraclinis articulata as key species for the restoration of mine tailings will be discussed. Ecology surveys on the spontaneous communities associated to these two species on mine tailings will be performed. Finally, ecotoxicological bioessays employing seeds, seedlings and edaphic invertebrates will be tested.Este proyecto ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y FEDER (CGL2014-54029-R) y la Fundación Séneca de la Región de Murcia (19248/PI/14). Obdulia Martínez disfruta de un contrato FPI (BES-2015-075838) del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

Virulence in Mice of a Toxoplasma gondii Type II Isolate Does Not Correlate With the Outcome of Experimental Infection in Pregnant Sheep

Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite that infects almost all warm-blooded animals. Little is known about how the parasite virulence in mice extrapolates to other relevant hosts. In the current study, in vitro phenotype and in vivo behavior in mice and sheep of a type II T. gondii isolate (TgShSp1) were compared with the reference type II T. gondii isolate (TgME49). The results of in vitro assays and the intraperitoneal inoculation of tachyzoites in mice indicated an enhanced virulence for the laboratory isolate, TgME49, compared to the recently obtained TgShSp1 isolate. TgShSp1 proliferated at a slower rate and had delayed lysis plaque formation compared to TgME49, but it formed more cyst-like structures in vitro. No mortality was observed in adult mice after infection with 1-105 tachyzoites intraperitoneally or with 25-2, 000 oocysts orally of TgShSp1. In sheep orally challenged with oocysts, TgME49 infection resulted in sporadically higher rectal temperatures and higher parasite load in cotyledons from ewes that gave birth and brain tissues of the respective lambs, but no differences between these two isolates were found on fetal/lamb mortality or lesions and number of T. gondii-positive lambs. The congenital infection after challenge at mid-pregnancy with TgShSp1, measured as offspring mortality and vertical transmission, was different depending on the challenged host. In mice, mortality in 50% of the pups was observed when a dam was challenged with a high oocyst dose (500 TgShSp1 oocysts), whereas in sheep infected with the same dose of oocysts, mortality occurred in all fetuses. Likewise, mortality of 9 and 27% of the pups was observed in mice after infection with 100 and 25 TgShSp1 oocysts, respectively, while in sheep, infection with 50 and 10 TgShSp1 oocysts triggered mortality in 68 and 66% of the fetuses/lambs. Differences in vertical transmission in the surviving offspring were only found with the lower oocyst doses (100% after infection with 10 TgShSp1 oocysts in sheep and only 37% in mice after infection with 25 TgShSp1 oocysts). In conclusion, virulence in mice of T. gondii type II isolates may not be a good indicator to predict the outcome of infection in pregnant sheep

Management of Brain Tumors in Eloquent Areas with Awake Patient

This chapter aims to provide an overview of the transdisciplinary work of the Neurosurgeon, Neuroanesthesiologist and Neuropsychologist before, during and after the resection of a neoplasm in eloquent areas with the patient conscious under the 3A anesthesia modality (asleep, awake, asleep). The diagnostic approach and the logistics to carry out this procedure and achieve better results will be shown. At present there is growing evidence regarding the benefits of surgery in awake patients, with application in the treatment of epilepsy, abnormal movements and oncological surgery. The benefits of awake craniotomy are increased lesion removal, with improved survival benefit, whilst minimizing damage to eloquent cortex and resulting postoperative neurological dysfunction. Other advantages include a shorter hospitalization time, hence reduced cost of care, and a decreased incidence of postoperative complications. This approach has allowed to achieve a higher degree of resection with less morbidity and a higher quality of life

Occurrence of priority pollutants in WWTP effluents and Mediterranean coastal waters of Spain

A comprehensive study aimed at evaluating the occurrence, significance of concentrations and spatial distribution of priority pollutants (PPs) along the Comunidad Valenciana coastal waters (Spain) was carried out in order to fulfil the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). Additionally, PP concentrations were also analysed in the effluent of 28 WWTPs distributed along the studied area. In coastal waters 36 organic pollutants of the 71 analysed, including 26 PPs were detected although many of them with low frequency of occurrence. Only 13 compounds, which belong to four different classes (VOCs, organochlorinated pesticides, phthalates and tributyltin compounds (TBT)) showed a frequency of occurrence above 20% in coastal waters. In the results obtained until now, octylphenol, pentachlorobenzene, DEHP and TBT exceeded the annual average concentration (EQS-AAC), and only TBT surpassed the maximum allowable concentration (EQS-MAC). The most frequent contaminants determined in coastal waters were also present in WWTP effluents. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Financial support from Conselleria de Medio Ambiente, Agua, Urbanismo y Vivienda de la Generalitat Valenciana (Application of Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC on endocrine disruptors and priority substances in coastal areas in the Comunidad Valenciana) is gratefully acknowledged.Martí Ortega, N.; Aguado García, D.; Segovia Martínez, L.; Bouzas Blanco, A.; Seco Torrecillas, A. (2011). Occurrence of priority pollutants in WWTP effluents and Mediterranean coastal waters of Spain. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 62(3):615-625. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.01.010S61562562

OCCASO - II. Physical parameters and Fe abundances of red clump stars in 18 open clusters

Open clusters have long been used to study the chemodynamical evolution of the Galactic disc. This requires a homogeneously analysed sample covering a wide range of ages and distances. In this paper, we present the Open Clusters Chemical Abundances from Spanish Observatories (OCCASO) second data release. This comprises a sample of high-resolution (R > 65 000) and high signal-to-noise spectra of 115 red clump stars in 18 open clusters. We derive atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, ξ), and [Fe/H] abundances using two analysis techniques: equivalent widths and spectral synthesis. A detailed comparison and a critical review of the results of the two methods are made. Both methods are carefully tested between them, with the Gaia FGK benchmark stars, and with an extensive sample of literature values. We perform a membership study using radial velocities and the resulting abundances. Finally, we compare our results with a chemodynamical model of the Milky Way thin disc concluding that the oldest open clusters are consistent with the models only when dynamical effects are taken into account

SDN-based Network Orchestration of Variable-capacity Optical Packet Switching Network over Programmable Flexi-grid Elastic Optical Path Network

A multidomain and multitechnology optical network orchestration is demonstrated in an international testbed located in Japan, the U.K., and Spain. The application-based network operations architecture is proposed as a carrier software-defined network solution for provisioning end-to-end optical transport services through a multidomain multitechnology network scenario, consisting of a 46–108 Gb/s variable-capacity OpenFlow-capable optical packet switching network and a programmable, flexi-grid elastic optical path network