Aplicaciones de la psicología en los programas de promoción de la salud

Desarrollo de como dos campos de estudio como la psicología y la promoción de la salud son capaces de trabajar conjuntamente para el desarrollo de hábitos saludables en los individuos. Se revisan las principales partes que componen la promoción de salud, como de donde proviene, donde se desarrolla sus actividades y los métodos de difusión, para hacer llegar su mensaje a la población diana. Que puede aportar la psicología al campo de la promoción y las herramientas, de las cuales dispone y que pueden ser útiles para el desarrollo de campañas de salud. Se centra en la importancia del aprendizaje y la motivación, y cómo influyen en la compresión de las campañas de promoción de la salud. El objetivo final es comprender que la psicología ayuda a la promoción de la salud, comprendiendo al sujeto y como estos pueden reaccionar ante diferentes estímulos o situaciones. Buscando la respuesta saludable. Análisis de la campaña de promoción de la salud “¡Despierta, desayuna, come sano y muévete!”. Enumerando las diferentes estrategias que utiliza para que el mensaje cause impacto en la población, y como conciencia a la población de la necesidad de unos buenos hábitos saludables, como son una buena alimentación y el ejercicio moderad. Se Resalta el problema de la obesidad infantil, y como es necesario tomar medidas correctoras para evitar problemas de salud potenciales

Monitoring Progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Using Ultrasound Morpho-Textural Muscle Biomarkers: A Pilot Study.

The need is increasing for progression biomarkers that allow the loss of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) to be monitored in clinical trials. In this prospective longitudinal study, muscle thickness, echointensity, echovariation and gray level co-occurrence matrix textural features are examined as possible progression ultrasound biomarkers in ALS patients during a 5-mo follow-up period. We subjected 13 patients to 3 measurements for 20 wk. They showed a significant loss of muscle, an evident tendency to loss of thickness and increased echointensity and echovariation. In regard to textural parameters, muscle heterogeneity tended to increase as a result of the neoformation of non-contractile tissue through denervation. Considering some limitations of the study, the quantitative muscle ultrasound biomarkers evaluated showed a promising ability to monitor patients affected by ALS.Universidad Caólica San Antonio de Murcia.Medicin

Risk simulation of having direct contact with electric urban networks

To know the electric risks for the human health having electric discharges on low and medium voltage urban networks, helps to the people to make aware about doing actions of prevention and safety, which reach to prevent injuries and/or accidental deaths. In this paper, simulations on ATP-Draw software over three different specific risk cases were done, based on the concurrent problem presented in the central region of Colombia between august and october when people use to fly kites. The first case analyzed is an individual who has an indirect contact with medium voltage transmission lines by means on a conventional kite, presenting no serious effects on its health. In the second and in the third case, the individual generates a direct contact both low and medium voltage lines, when tries to recover a stuck kite, receiving high health effects even producing death. The main goal of this work is to show the different consequences and effects in the human body which are presented over a person when receiving an electric discharge by direct contact, in order to prevent accidents

Performance Evaluation of the NASNet Convolutional Network in the Automatic Identification of COVID-19

This paper evaluates the performance of the Neural Architecture Search Network (NASNet) in the automatic detection of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) from chest x-ray images. COVID-19 is a disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that produces in patients fever, cough, shortness of breath, muscle pain, sputum production, diarrhea, and even sore throat. The virus spreads through the air, and to date, is expanding as a global pandemic. There is no vaccine, and it is fatal to approximately 2-7% of the infected population. Among the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of infected patients, nodules have been identified in images of chest x-rays that can be visually identified, producing a simple, rapid, and generally available method of identification. However, the rapid spread of the disease means that there is a lack of specialized medical personnel capable of identifying it, which is why automated schemes are being developed. We propose the tuning of a NASNet-type convolutional model to automatically determine the initial state of a patient in the triage process or intervention protocol of health care centers. The neural network is trained with public images of cases positively identified as patients infected with the virus and patients in normal conditions without infection. Performance evaluation is also done with real images unknown to the neuronal model. As for performance metrics, we use the function of loss of cross-entropy (categorical cross-entropy), the accuracy (or success rate), and the MSE (Mean Squared Error). The tuned model was able to correctly classify the test images with an accuracy of 97%

Hardware description of a simplified 4-bit softcore processor with BCD capabilities

The objective of the work reported in this paper is to improve a 4-bit softcore processor previously designed in Verilog language, keeping its compact size. This processor was thought to be used as academic and didactic tool for teaching as computers architecture subject as digital circuits subject in the technology faculty of the Universidad Distrital. The new features include arithmetic instruction with input carry, BCD operations enabling, rotating instructions, implementation of input and output register banks, increase of the number of general purpose registers of the data memory, and the reduction of the execution clock cycles per instruction. Additionally, the assembler software was enabled to support macro-instructions to make easy the comprehension of some composed functions. As result, a very compact softcore processor was obtained, by means of a Verilog description done in a single file. This implementation occupies only the 2% of the medium-size FPGA used for the application, reaching a maximum possible working clock frequency of 929 Mhz

Bullying and Cyberbullying in Adolescents from Disadvantaged Areas: Validation of Questionnaires; Prevalence Rates; and Relationship to Self-Esteem, Empathy and Social Skills

Although bullying and cyberbullying have been widely studied in diverse geographical areas, the number of studies in isolated regions, located in rainforests such as the Peruvian Amazonia, is low. Most research has been conducted in wealthy, Western countries, although disadvantaged areas are usually the most affected by various problems. Thus, the aims of this study were to validate bullying and cyberbullying measurement instruments among adolescents in the Peruvian Amazonia, to determine the prevalence rates of bullying and cyberbullying among this population, and to examine how bullying and cyberbullying relate to self-esteem, empathy, and social skills. The sample included 607 students from the region of Loreto (Peruvian Amazonia) who completed self-report questionnaires. Both questionnaires used in the sample were found to have good psychometric properties. Results showed that bullying and cyberbullying are prevalent among teenagers in the Amazonia. Low self-esteem and high affective empathy predicted bullying victimization. Being a bully was related to high assertiveness. Being a bully-victim was related to low self-esteem and low assertiveness. Cybervictims showed higher cognitive empathy. Cyberbullies showed higher affective empathy in comparison to uninvolved adolescents. Having low self-esteem and higher affective empathy were related to being a cyberbully/victim. This study provides a validated questionnaire that can be used for research and practice in the Amazonia. Based on the current results, tailored anti-bullying and anti-cyberbullying interventions with components focused on self-esteem, empathy, and social skills should be implemented in Peruvian secondary schools

Didactic sequences on distinction between pronouns and determiners intended for students in an Adult Education Centre

El objetivo de este trabajo es la presentación de tres secuencias didácticas destinadas a alumnos que cursan las enseñanzas para la obtención del título de graduado en Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en un Centro de Educación de Personas Adultas de Madrid. Estas secuencias, basadas en la propuesta de Anna Camps principalmente, se centran en la distinción entre determinantes y pronombres, asunto que, como pude comprobar durante mis prácticas en un Centro de Educación de Personas Adultas, representa un problema para buena parte de estos alumnos.The objective of this essay is the presentation of three didactic sequences intended for students who aim to obtain the certificate of Graduate in Secondary Education at an Adult Education Centre in Madrid. These didactic sequences, based mainly on Anna Camps' proposal, deal with the distinction between determiners and pronouns, an issue that poses a problem for many of these adult learners, as I could verify during my teacher training practice at an Adult Education Centre.Depto. de Didáctica de las Lenguas, Artes y Educación FísicaFac. de EducaciónTRUEpu

AZCA jovial: punto de encuentro e interacción JOBO

El principal fin de este bono es acercar la cultura a la población joven, fomentar su conocimiento, sensibilización, y asistencia a obras de teatro, cine, música, artes escénicas en general repartido en cinco centros públicos de la ciudad. Se propone ampliar este programa municipal hacia nuevas disciplinas del ámbito del ocio que se dan en AZCA área externa al centro de Madrid, donde se encuentran los centros asociados a JOBO, así como acercar y ampliar el deporte en esta área urbana como un ámbito más de sociabilización y Jobo ocio. Usuarios existentes a potenciar: Estas prácticas pueden entenderse como un acto de resistencia política que subculturas como los raperos, grafiteros emprenderían para protestar contra los controles espaciales y culturales que limitan sus vidas en entornos urbanos contemporáneos. Esta forma de intrusión recreativa construiría una forma de socavar el control ejercido por las autoridades y planificadores urbanos que habrían extendido sus mecanismos de control dejando escaso espacio para la reinterpretación o los usos alternativos del entorno por parte de los ciudadanos. La implantación de este equipamiento además de atender a la necesidad de unión social entre ambos distritos de los dos lados de la Castellana, Tetuán y Chamartín, desempeñando un papel estratégico en la recalificación social del área. La culminación del proyecto original de 1954: Concurso de ideas para Centro Cívico Comercial de descongestionamiento del centro histórico, y posteriormente el plan de ordenación propuesto por Antonio Perpiñá en 1966, donde estaba prevista la construcción de un teatro, una biblioteca y un jardín botánico. Con vocación de impulsar la convivencia entre las diferentes prácticas, identidad, y la vida urbana, los usos que tiempo atrás fueron propuestos, han de adaptarse a las necesidades actuales de convivencia, aprovechando actividades existentes que germinaron ya hace tiempo como el skate, grupos de danza urbana, escalada, o la Asociación Madrileña de Parkour, AZCA como punto de encuentro, aglutinando estas actividades en un edificio donde tengan cabida y se relacionen entre sí, pudiéndose diferenciar tres áreas de actividad: Deporte, Artes escénicas, AudiovisualesMáster Universitario en Arquitectura (M154

Transformation and dynamic visualization of images from computer through an FPGA in a matrix of LED

This article shows the implementation of a system that uses a graphic interface to load a digital image into a programmable logic device, which is stored in its internal RAM memory and is responsible for visualizing it in a matrix of RGB LEDs, so that This way, the LEDs show an equivalent to the image that was sent from the PC, conserving an aspect ratio and respecting as much as possible the color of the original image. To carry out this task, a Matlab script was designed to load the image, convert and format the data, which are transmitted to the FPGA using the RS232 protocol. The FPGA is in charge of receiving them, storing them and generating all the signals of control and synchronization of the system including the control of the PWM signals necessary to conserve the brightness of each one of the LEDs. This system allows the visualization of static images in standard formats and, in addition, thanks to the flexibility of the hardware used, it allows the visualization of moving images type GIF

Muscular echovariation: a new biomarker in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

The purpose is to assess the characteristics of echovariation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared with other MUS parameters. Twenty-six ALS patients (8 women, mean age 58.9 years, SD 12.02 yr) and 26 healthy controls (17 women; mean age 59.6 years, SD 6.41 yr) were included in this observational study. They underwent bilateral and transverse ultrasound of the biceps/brachialis, forearm flexor group, quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior. Muscular thickness, echointensity and echovariation were analyzed. Muscles affected by ALS showed increased echointensity, decrease in thickness, and decrease echovariation. Echovariation in all muscles but quadriceps femoris, strongly correlated with muscle strength (explained variance between 21.8% in the biceps/brachialis and 37.5% in tibialis anterior) and the ALSFRS-R score (explained variance between 26% in the biceps/brachialis and 36.7% in the forearm flexor group). Echovariation is an easy to obtain QMUS parameter that could distinguish ALS from healthy controls more accurately than previous described biomarkers.UCAMMedicinaTerapia y Rehabilitació