Producción de textos en lenguas indígenas para uso escolar

En este trabajo presentamos una serie de reflexiones que son producto de diferentes investigaciones y actividades de extensión universitaria que venimos desarrollando -desde el año 1999- en el campo de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) junto a un colectivo de agentes educativos indígenas del Núcleo educativo de Santa Victoria Este (Departamento de Rivadavia), provincia de Salta. Lo que exponemos a continuación, centrado en la experiencia de producción grupal de materiales escritos en lenguas indígenas para uso escolar, intenta ser un aporte para la construcción de una EIB que contemple la diversidad lingüística y cultural, e incorpore las propuestas surgidas desde los propios sujetos.Fil: Petz, Ivanna Lys. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cervera Novo, Juan Pablo. No especifíca;Fil: Corbato, Graciela Irene. No especifíca;Fil: Hecht, Ana Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pais, Graciela. No especifíca;Fil: Schmidt, Mariana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Producción de textos en lenguas indígenas para uso escolar

En este trabajo presentamos una serie de reflexiones que son producto de diferentes investigaciones y actividades de extensión universitaria que venimos desarrollando -desde el año 1999- en el campo de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) junto a un colectivo de agentes educativos indígenas del Núcleo educativo de Santa Victoria Este (Departamento de Rivadavia), provincia de Salta. Lo que exponemos a continuación, centrado en la experiencia de producción grupal de materiales escritos en lenguas indígenas para uso escolar, intenta ser un aporte para la construcción de una EIB que contemple la diversidad lingüística y cultural, e incorpore las propuestas surgidas desde los propios sujetos.Fil: Petz, Ivanna Lys. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cervera Novo, Juan Pablo. No especifíca;Fil: Corbato, Graciela Irene. No especifíca;Fil: Hecht, Ana Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pais, Graciela. No especifíca;Fil: Schmidt, Mariana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Escrituras de mujer

Fil: Martínez, María Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Letras; Argentina.Fil: Milanesio, Adriana Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina.Fil: Eguía, Bibiana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Letras; Argentina.Fil: Lissandrello, José. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Filosofía; Argentina.Fil: Sesín, Mariana Yamile del Mar. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Bibliotecología; Argentina.Este volumen recoge los trabajos presentados en el Coloquio “Escrituras de Mujer”, organizado por el Departamento Letras de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas de la Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, realizado los días 25 y 26 de setiembre de 2014. Las integrantes del Comité organizador, docentes de distintas cátedras de esta Facultad, partimos de considerar la importancia fundamental de posicionar al Departamento y sus producciones en el ámbito académico, de tal manera que nuestro hacer pudiera ser expuesto y compartido con docentes e investigadores de otros ámbitos. La propuesta surgió con la intención de abrir un espacio específico para el intercambio y la discusión de experiencias en relación con las escrituras de mujer, un tema de gran interés y actualidad en los ámbitos sociales, culturales y académicos de las últimas décadas. Escogimos la modalidad de coloquio a fin de impulsar la comunicación e intercambio de experiencias de todos los participantes en torno al tema. Elegimos así también algunos ejes temáticos que buscaron incentivar el diálogo de los estudios literarios con las distintas perspectivas de otros sistemas culturales, así como con las diversas áreas delos estudios humanísticos, y de las ciencias sociales en general; iniciativa que se vio muy gratamente recompensada con la asistencia y participación de expositores de distintas disciplinas, tanto de nuestra casa como de otras universidades y centros de estudios. Contamos además con la atención y grata compañía de un grupo de escritoras de las ciudades de Río Cuarto y Córdoba, quienes compartieron generosamente con los presentes sus intuiciones y vivencias como creadoras, en las Mesas organizadas para el cierre de ambas jornadas de trabajo. En el presente volumen, que recoge buena parte de estos trabajos, hemos organizado las exposiciones en cuatro partes, dedicadas a las escrituras del yo femenino; la literatura escrita por mujeres en distintos períodos histórico culturales; las construcciones y deconstrucciones de la identidad femenina; y los cuerpos de mujer, sus lugares sociales y trayectorias; una adaptación a este formato de algunos de los ejes temáticos convocantes en su momento para la presentación de trabajos de los expositores. Una quinta y última parte recoge las experiencias de mujeres escritoras, contadas por sus protagonistas, nuestras escritoras invitadas, quienes autorizaron gentilmente la inclusión de sus palabras en esta publicación.Fil: Martínez, María Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Letras; Argentina.Fil: Milanesio, Adriana Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina.Fil: Eguía, Bibiana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Letras; Argentina.Fil: Lissandrello, José. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Filosofía; Argentina.Fil: Sesín, Mariana Yamile del Mar. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Bibliotecología; Argentina.Literaturas Específica

Effects of intubation timing in patients with COVID-19 throughout the four waves of the pandemic : a matched analysis

The primary aim of our study was to investigate the association between intubation timing and hospital mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated respiratory failure. We also analysed both the impact of such timing throughout the first four pandemic waves and the influence of prior non-invasive respiratory support on outcomes. This is a secondary analysis of a multicentre, observational and prospective cohort study that included all consecutive patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19 from across 58 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) participating in the CIBERESUCICOVID project. The study period was between 29 February 2020 and 31 August 2021. Early intubation was defined as that occurring within the first 24 h of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to achieve balance across baseline variables between the early intubation cohort and those patients who were intubated after the first 24 h of ICU admission. Differences in outcomes between early and delayed intubation were also assessed. We performed sensitivity analyses to consider a different timepoint (48 h from ICU admission) for early and delayed intubation. Of the 2725 patients who received invasive mechanical ventilation, a total of 614 matched patients were included in the analysis (307 for each group). In the unmatched population, there were no differences in mortality between the early and delayed groups. After PS matching, patients with delayed intubation presented higher hospital mortality (27.3% versus 37.1%, p =0.01), ICU mortality (25.7% versus 36.1%, p=0.007) and 90-day mortality (30.9% versus 40.2%, p=0.02) when compared to the early intubation group. Very similar findings were observed when we used a 48-hour timepoint for early or delayed intubation. The use of early intubation decreased after the first wave of the pandemic (72%, 49%, 46% and 45% in the first, second, third and fourth wave, respectively; first versus second, third and fourth waves p<0.001). In both the main and sensitivity analyses, hospital mortality was lower in patients receiving high-flow nasal cannula (n=294) who were intubated earlier. The subgroup of patients undergoing NIV (n=214) before intubation showed higher mortality when delayed intubation was set as that occurring after 48 h from ICU admission, but not when after 24 h. In patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, delayed intubation was associated with a higher risk of hospital mortality. The use of early intubation significantly decreased throughout the course of the pandemic. Benefits of such an approach occurred more notably in patients who had received high-flow nasal cannul

Prognostic implications of comorbidity patterns in critically ill COVID-19 patients: A multicenter, observational study

Background The clinical heterogeneity of COVID-19 suggests the existence of different phenotypes with prognostic implications. We aimed to analyze comorbidity patterns in critically ill COVID-19 patients and assess their impact on in-hospital outcomes, response to treatment and sequelae. Methods Multicenter prospective/retrospective observational study in intensive care units of 55 Spanish hospitals. 5866 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients had comorbidities recorded at hospital admission; clinical and biological parameters, in-hospital procedures and complications throughout the stay; and, clinical complications, persistent symptoms and sequelae at 3 and 6 months. Findings Latent class analysis identified 3 phenotypes using training and test subcohorts: low-morbidity (n=3385; 58%), younger and with few comorbidities; high-morbidity (n=2074; 35%), with high comorbid burden; and renal-morbidity (n=407; 7%), with chronic kidney disease (CKD), high comorbidity burden and the worst oxygenation profile. Renal-morbidity and high-morbidity had more in-hospital complications and higher mortality risk than low-morbidity (adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.57 (1.34-1.84) and 1.16 (1.05-1.28), respectively). Corticosteroids, but not tocilizumab, were associated with lower mortality risk (HR (95% CI) 0.76 (0.63-0.93)), especially in renal-morbidity and high-morbidity. Renal-morbidity and high-morbidity showed the worst lung function throughout the follow-up, with renal-morbidity having the highest risk of infectious complications (6%), emergency visits (29%) or hospital readmissions (14%) at 6 months (p<0.01). Interpretation Comorbidity-based phenotypes were identified and associated with different expression of in-hospital complications, mortality, treatment response, and sequelae, with CKD playing a major role. This could help clinicians in day-to-day decision making including the management of post-discharge COVID-19 sequelae. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1,2,3,4,5,6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Effects of intubation timing in patients with COVID-19 throughout the four waves of the pandemic: a matched analysis

Background: The primary aim of our study was to investigate the association between intubation timing and hospital mortality in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated respiratory failure. We also analysed both the impact of such timing throughout the first four pandemic waves and the influence of prior noninvasive respiratory support on outcomes. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a multicentre, observational and prospective cohort study that included all consecutive patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19 from across 58 Spanish intensive care units (ICUs) participating in the CIBERESUCICOVID project. The study period was between 29 February 2020 and 31 August 2021. Early intubation was defined as that occurring within the first 24 h of ICU admission. Propensity score matching was used to achieve a balance across baseline variables between the early intubation cohort and those patients who were intubated after the first 24 h of ICU admission. Differences in outcomes between early and delayed intubation were also assessed. We performed sensitivity analyses to consider a different time-point (48 h from ICU admission) for early and delayed intubation. Results: Of the 2725 patients who received invasive mechanical ventilation, a total of 614 matched patients were included in the analysis (307 for each group). In the unmatched population, there were no differences in mortality between the early and delayed groups. After propensity score matching, patients with delayed intubation presented higher hospital mortality (27.3% versus 37.1%; p=0.01), ICU mortality (25.7% versus 36.1%; p=0.007) and 90-day mortality (30.9% versus 40.2%; p=0.02) compared with the early intubation group. Very similar findings were observed when we used a 48-h time-point for early or delayed intubation. The use of early intubation decreased after the first wave of the pandemic (72%, 49%, 46% and 45% in the first, second, third and fourth waves, respectively; first versus second, third and fourth waves p<0.001). In both the main and sensitivity analyses, hospital mortality was lower in patients receiving high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) (n=294) who were intubated earlier. The subgroup of patients undergoing noninvasive ventilation (n=214) before intubation showed higher mortality when delayed intubation was set as that occurring after 48 h from ICU admission, but not when after 24 h. Conclusions: In patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, delayed intubation was associated with a higher risk of hospital mortality. The use of early intubation significantly decreased throughout the course of the pandemic. Benefits of such an approach occurred more notably in patients who had received HFNC

ICU-Acquired Pneumonia Is Associated with Poor HealthPost-COVID-19 Syndrome

Background. Some patients previously presenting with COVID-19 have been reported to develop persistent COVID-19 symptoms. While this information has been adequately recognised and extensively published with respect to non-critically ill patients, less is known about the incidence and factors associated with the characteristics of persistent COVID-19. On the other hand, these patients very often have intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia (ICUAP). A second infectious hit after COVID increases the length of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation and could have an influence on poor health post-COVID 19 syndrome in ICU-discharged patients. Methods: This prospective, multicentre, and observational study was carrid out across 40 selected ICUs in Spain. Consecutive patients with COVID-19 requiring ICU admission were recruited and evaluated three months after hospital discharge. Results: A total of 1255 ICU patients were scheduled to be followed up at 3 months; however, the final cohort comprised 991 (78.9%) patients. A total of 315 patients developed ICUAP (97% of them had ventilated ICUAP). Patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation had more persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms than those who did not require mechanical ventilation. Female sex, duration of ICU stay, development of ICUAP, and ARDS were independent factors for persistent poor health post-COVID-19. Conclusions: Persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms occurred in more than two-thirds of patients. Female sex, duration of ICU stay, development of ICUAP, and ARDS all comprised independent factors for persistent poor health post-COVID-19. Prevention of ICUAP could have beneficial effects in poor health post-COVID-1