Political, general, or economic strikes? New types of strikes and workers’ contention in Italy (2008–2018)

The article provides an overview of workers’ collective actions in Italy between 2008 and 2018, which characterized a new wave of contention; the article focuses on the development of strike activities in this period. While the literature suggests an increase in general/political strikes and a decline of economic strikes, we argue that this distinction does not sufficiently account for the variety of strikes that has recently occurred. Our contribution aims to clarify the differences between three types of strikes: general political strike, general/large-scale economic strike, and local economic strike. The empirical analysis is based on a new data set of workers’ collective actions, including strikes, observed in Italy in the decade 2008–2018. The data set was built using protest event analysis (PEA). Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) reveals three types of strikes that differ along these dimensions: the actors promoting them, the workers’ occupations involved, the issues claimed, the scale of action, and the addressee of the actions. Conclusions compare the characteristics of workers’ contentious actions between 2008 and 2018 with the old cycle of protests observable in the 1960s and 1970s, and suggest an integration of economic and political explanations to account for the new types of strikes

Political, General or Economic Strikes? New Types of Strikes and Workers' Contention

The article provides an overview of workers' collective actions occurred in Italy, characterizing a new wave of contention between 2008 and 2018. It focuses on the development of strike activities. While the literature suggests an increase in general/political strikes and a decline of economic strikes, we argue that this distinction does not sufficiently account for the variety of strikes that has recently occurred. Our contribution aims to clarify the differences between three types of strikes: general political strike, general/large-scale economic strike and local economic strike. The empirical analysis is based on a new dataset on workers' collective actions, including strikes, observed in Italy in the decade 2008-2018. The dataset was built using protest event analysis (PEA). Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) allows us to show that the three types of strikes differ along the actors promoting them, the workers' occupations involved, the issues claimed, the scale of action and the target of the actions. Conclusions compare the characteristics of workers contention between 2008 and 2018 with the old cycle of protest and suggest to join economic and political explanations of strikes to account for the new types of strikes

L’organizzazione e il valore sociale del lavoro pubblico tra riforme e crisi pandemica

This paper offers a discussion concerning the social value of the labour in public sector as perceived by the public employees and emerging from some research conducted from 2017 onwards in different sector of the public administration. The issue of public administration has been pertinent given that regulatory and market failures have been attributed to its inefficiencies. The last reforms have changed the public administration and modified the relationship with citizens. In this context, public employees are copying growing difficulty to reconcile their professional ethos with the aims of the public administration

Madri, figlie e sorelle. Donne, famiglie e società nel pensiero sociologico di Anna Oppo

The aim of this contribute is to commemorate the sociologist Anna Oppo, who dead recently. Through her research, teaching activity and personal prestige, Anna Oppo supported the entrance of the sociology in the Sardinian University and the diffusion of the discipline in the public and political debate. In this manner, Anna Oppo supported the diffusion of the sociology in Sardinian University and she became an intecllectual reference for her professional community, for students and all Sardinian society. The list of her research subject allows to us to retrace the most important social change that endured the recent history of the Sardinian society. Specific attention could be reserved for the women’s condition, individualization and self-determination process and, particularly the history and change of the family in contemporary society. This subject is the fil rouge of the Anna Oppo research activity and her favorite point of view of the society

Infected pancreatic necrosis: outcomes and clinical predictors of mortality. A post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study

: The identification of high-risk patients in the early stages of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is critical, because it could help the clinicians to adopt more effective management strategies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study to assess the association between clinical risk factors and mortality among adult patients with IPN. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of mortality. We identified 247 consecutive patients with IPN hospitalised between January 2019 and December 2020. History of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.135-15.882; aOR 4.245), qSOFA (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.359-5.879; aOR 2.828), renal failure (p = 0.022; 95% CI 1.138-5.442; aOR 2.489), and haemodynamic failure (p = 0.018; 95% CI 1.184-5.978; aOR 2.661), were identified as independent predictors of mortality in IPN patients. Cholangitis (p = 0.003; 95% CI 1.598-9.930; aOR 3.983), abdominal compartment syndrome (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.090-6.967; aOR 2.735), and gastrointestinal/intra-abdominal bleeding (p = 0.009; 95% CI 1.286-5.712; aOR 2.710) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. Upfront open surgical necrosectomy was strongly associated with the risk of mortality (p < 0.001; 95% CI 1.912-7.442; aOR 3.772), whereas endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis (p = 0.018; 95% CI 0.138-0.834; aOR 0.339) and enteral nutrition (p = 0.003; 95% CI 0.143-0.716; aOR 0.320) were found as protective factors. Organ failure, acute cholangitis, and upfront open surgical necrosectomy were the most significant predictors of mortality. Our study confirmed that, even in a subgroup of particularly ill patients such as those with IPN, upfront open surgery should be avoided as much as possible. Study protocol registered in ClinicalTrials.Gov (I.D. Number NCT04747990)

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Forme, tempi e modi di fare famiglia in Sardegna

Gli studi raccolti in questo volume si collocano all'interno di un progetto di rilettura organica, in un quadro di lungo periodo, delle vicende della popolazione sarda nel passaggio dal vecchio al nuovo regime demografico. La pubblicazione approfondisce le peculiarità dei comportamenti familiari nell'isola rispetto al contesto nazionale, analizzando in particolare i tempi delle nozze, le scelte residenziali e la proprietà della casa da parte delle coppie, la nascita e la sopravvivenza dei figli, la condizione degli anziani. La prospettiva micro adottata nei saggi, frutto della collaborazione fra ricercatori di diversa formazione disciplinare (demografi, sociologi, statistici, storici) degli Atenei di Cagliari e Sassari, consente di ricostruire le complesse trasformazioni che accompagnano il declino demografico in Sardegna