The tubarium construction in Holoretiolites, Neogothograptus and related taxa (Graptolithina, Retiolitinae): clues to their astogeny and species identification

The Homerian (Wenlock) to Ludfordian (Ludlow), late Silurian, retiolitine genera Neogothograptus and Holoretiolites and their relatives are revised. These are often considered as the youngest and smallest retiolitine taxa, characterised by a finite growth indicated by the appendix, leading to the extinction of the clade. The tubarium construction of the genera is analysed and compared, showing the loss of the pleural and parietal lists in Holoretiolites and the development of a central zigzag construction on the obverse and reverse sides of the tubarium. This construction is not homologous to similar constructions in earlier retiolitines, as it is based on the modification of the lateral apertural lists. It is also found in the closely related Semiplectograptus and Plectodinemagraptus. Useful details to understand the astogeny of these taxa include the development of the reticulum, the genicular processes and the outer ancora. These features are described for the first time for most species. Details of the outer ancora and its construction in the genus Neogothograptus are still poorly understood. Holoretiolites helenaewitoldi is synonymised with Holoretiolites atrabecularis. Holoretiolites manckoides is transferred to Semiplectograptus

Silurian stratigraphy and graptolite faunas of the Mora 001 and Solberga 1 drill cores, Siljan District, central Sweden

The Mora 001 and Solberga 1 drill cores provide the best available overview on the early Silurian (Llandovery, Rhuddanian to Telychian) graptolite succession available for the Siljan Ring impact structure of central Sweden. The Solberga 1 succession includes a nearly complete graptolite succession from the Pernerograptus revolutus Biozone (late Rhuddanian) to the Oktavites spiralis Biozone (late Telychian). Older graptolite faunas are unknown from the Siljan region. The Mora 001 drill core includes a graptolitic succession from the Monoclimacis crenulata Biozone to the O. spiralis Biozone, found in two lithostratigraphically separated lithological units here identified as the Kallholn Formation. A slice of the Orsa Sandstone Formation of possible later Silurian age is tectonically introduced into the Kallholn Formation in the Mora 001 drill core. The strong tectonic deformation of the Kallholn Formation in both drill cores can easily be understood through the Devonian impact history of the region

Retiolitid graptolites from the collection of Hermann Jaeger III. Paraplectograptus, Gothograptus and their relatives

The graptolite collection of Hermann Jaeger at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Germany includes a number of Paraplectograptus and Gothograptus specimens. The material provides another glimpse into the dramatic changes affecting retiolitine graptoloids across the Lundgreni Extinction Event of the mid Homerian (Wenlock, Silurian) which led to the demise of most earlier groups of retiolitines. The material indicates that the diversity of the pre-extinction retiolitines might have been larger than is already known through the recognition of previously unknown constructional details in earlier Gothograptus and Paraplectograptus species. Especially, Gothograptus shows a much higher diversity in the pre-extinction interval than previously recognized. In the Pristiograptus parvus/Gothograptus nassa Biozone interval Gothograptus re-emerged with new species and Semigothograptus is shown to have survived unchanged, indicating that these two genera represent survivors of the extinction event. A number of new genera originated and diversified in the Pristiograptus dubius/Gothograptus nassa to Colonograptus praedeubeli/deubeli Biozone interval, but their evolutionary relationships with earlier taxa are still only partly understood. Paraplectograptus hermanni sp. nov., Gothograptus berolinensis sp. nov. and Gothograptus osgaleae sp. nov. are described as new. Several species are described in open nomenclature due to the lack of sufficiently well preserved material

Silurian graptolite biostratigraphy of the Röstånga-1 drill core, Scania:a standard for southern Scandinavia

The Rostanga-1 core from west-central Scania provides the most complete succession of the Sandbian (Upper Ordovician) through lower Telychian (Silurian, Llandovery) strata of southern Scandinavia. The Hirnantian is identified in the Kallholn Formation by the presence of a Metabolograptus persculptus Biozone fauna. The Akidograptus ascensus, Parakidograptus acuminatus, Cystograptus vesiculosus and Monograptus revolutus biozones can be differentiated in the Rhuddanian. Following a considerable gap (Demirastrites triangulatus Biozone to a level within the Pribylograptus leptotheca Biozone), the succession resumes. The Aeronian also includes the Lituigraptus convolutus and Stimulograptus sedgwickii biozones. The Stimulograptus halli Biozone appears to be missing, but the Telychian Spirograptus guerichi to Streptograptus crispus biozones have been recognized

Industrial Resources - Fulton County - Hickman

Resources for Economic Development: Hickman, Kentucky” prepared by the Kentucky Department of Economic Development, Division of Research and Planning, and the Purchase Area Development District, 1985. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate

The Early to Middle Ordovician graptolite faunal succession of the Trail Creek region, central Idaho, U.S.A

The Middle Ordovician graptolite biostratigraphy of the Trail Creek region of Idaho is reviewed and revised. The oldest known fauna belongs to the Didymograptellus bifidus Biozone. The Isograptus victoriae lunatus, I. victoriae maximodivergens, Oncograptus, Undulograptus austrodentatus and Holmograptus lentus Biozones can be differentiated. Pseudophyllograptus archaios (Braithwaite) is found for the first time in the Trail Creek region. This species represents a conspicuous North American mid-continent faunal element and enables the correlation of the endemic P. archaios-C. flexilis Biozone of Utah with the D. bifidus Biozone of the Pacific faunal realm, thus, providing an important tool for the correlation of endemic mid-continent faunas with the pandemic deep water graptolite faunas

What is Diplograptus?

Diplograptus pristis (Hisinger, 1837) is the type species of the genus Diplograptus and name bearer for suborder Diplograptina. This species is primarily known from the Dalarne region of Sweden, where it occurs in the P. linearis Zone. D. pristis exhibits a suite of features (particularly the shape of the proximal end, the configuration of proximal spines, and the gradient in thecal form) that is uniquely shared with a number of other late Katian and earliest Hirnantian species including Glyptograptus nicholsoni Toghill, 1970; Glyptograptus posterus Koren’ & Tzai (in Apollonov et al. 1980); Orthograptus maximus Mu, 1945; and Orthograptus truncatus rarithecatus Ross & Berry, 1963. The phylogenetic affinities of the Diplograptus clade are equivocal, however. Two isolated, three-dimensionally preserved specimens of D. pristis from the Paasvere 309 core in Estonia reveal that the rhabdosome is aseptate and has a simple proximal structure comparable with a Pattern G astogeny. The pattern G astogeny, long, fully-sclerotized sicula, aseptate rhabdosome with free nema all point to its being a member of the derived orthograptids. On the other hand, the rapidly enclosed sicula and lack of antivirgellar spines together with the apertural spines on the first pair suggest archiclimacograptid affinity. Cladistic analysis supports orthograptid affinities. If these relations are correct, the Orthograptidae Mitchell, 1987, must be regarded as a junior synonym of the Diplograptidae Lapworth, 1873

Critérios funcionais e estruturais para a síntese de mecanismos para movimentar pacientes acamados

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Florianópolis, 2017.O ambiente hospitalar é um local de trabalho complexo devido à exposição dos trabalhadores aos riscos de doenças ocupacionais e de acidentes. Estes riscos podem variar de acordo com o local de trabalho ou com a função que o profissional desempenha. A movimentação no leito e a transferência de pacientes acamados são alguns dos fatores de risco para o surgimento de doenças ocupacionais e de acidentes para os profissionais que realizam essas tarefas, mas apresentam grande importância na recuperação dos pacientes, sendo essenciais para a realização de exames, atividades de higiene e de alimentação, evitar o desenvolvimento de escaras e de complicações cardiovasculares. O estudo apresentado para aumentar a mobilidade e facilitar a transferência de pacientes acamados visa estabelecer os critérios funcionais e estruturais para a síntese de mecanismos para movimentar pacientes acamados ao longo do desenvolvimento do projeto de produto. Nas últimas décadas o desenvolvimento de mecanismos para a área médico-hospitalar vêm despertando interesse pelo desenvolvimento, melhoramento ou até substituição de produtos para atender as necessidades dos usuários. A fim de definir os requisitos de projeto do produto foram investigadas e estabelecidas as necessidades dos usuários, compilando com as informações do mercado e do estado da técnica disponíveis em bancos de dados de patentes. Com isso, foi possível estabelecer os critérios funcionais e estruturais e desenvolver a síntese de mecanismos para movimentar pacientes acamados.Abstract : Hospital environments are complex workplaces due to exposition of workers to the risks of occupational sickness and accidents.These risks can vary according with the workplaces or with the function that the professional performs. The movement and transfer of bedridden patients are risk factors for the emergence of occupational diseases or causes of accidents for the professionals who perform these tasks, but are great importance in the patients rehabilitation, being essential for the performance of examinations, activities of hygiene and feeding, avoiding the development of pressure ulcere and cardiovascular complications. The proposed study to increase mobility and facilitate the transfer of bedridden patients aims to establish the functional and structural criteria for the synthesis of mechanisms to move bedridden patients throughout of the product design development. In the last decades, the development of mechanisms for the medical-hospital area have aroused interest in the development, improvement or even replacement of products to meet the needs of users. In order to define the product design requirements, were investigated and established the user needs, compiling with the market research and state-of-the-art available in patents databases. With this, it were possible to establish the functional and structural criteria to develop the synthesis of mechanisms to move bedridden patients