Family Characteristics and Social Functioning Associated with Duration and Frequency of Child Sexual Assault

This study reports the sexual abuse of children in Sabah, Malaysia. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between family characteristics and social functioning associated with the duration and frequency of sexual assault on the child survivors. Eighty children who reported sexual assault through a One Stop Crisis Centre in an urban hospital were studied. The main research instrument used was adapted from the Inner Interaction Scale of Social Functioning (IISSF). The results of the study show that there are significant differences in the social functioning of victims according to the frequency of sexual assault, but not according to the duration of assault. That is the social functioning symptoms of achievement and expectation was significantly different according to the frequency of sexual assault. The relationship of the variable’s family characteristics, frequency and duration of sexual assault as well as the social functioning of the victims is important for social workers both to understand and to take note of in intervention work with child sexual assault survivors who report their abuse. The implications of these findings were also discussed in the context of the provision of crisis intervention support for child victims of sexual assault by social workers in Malaysia

Family Characteristics and the Coping Behaviour Associatedwith Duration and Frequency of Sexual Assaul

This study reports the sexual abuse of children and their trauma post-assault in Sabah, Malaysia. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between family characteristics and coping behavior associated with the duration and frequency of sexual assault of the child survivors. Eighty children who reported sexual assault through a One Stop Crisis Centre in an urban hospital were studied. The main research instrument used was adapted from the Adolescence Coping Scale. The results of the study show that there are no significant differences in the coping behavior of victims according to the frequency and duration of their sexual abuse. The relationship of the variables family characteristics, frequency, and duration of sexual assault as well as the coping behavior of the victims is important for social workers both to understand and to take note of in intervention work with child sexual assault survivors who report their abuse. The implications of these findings were also discussed in the context of the provision of crisis intervention support for child victims of sexual abuse by social workers

Kefungsian keluarga: konsep dan indikator pengukuran dalam penyelidikan

Pengukuran memainkan sangat penting dalam sebuah penyelidikan. Kegagalan seorang penyelidik memahami teori dan konsep dapat menyebabkan kegagalannya dalam merumuskan indikator dan parameter pengukuran yang hendak dilakukannya. Konsep kefungsian keluarga mempunyai dimensi yang luas, sehingga pemahaman teori dan konsep ini dengan benar maka dapat menuntun penyelidik dalam melakukan pengukuran dan pada akhirnya dapat membuahkan hasil penyelidikan yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara ilmiah

Seroprevalence of bluetongue antibodies among goats in selected small ruminant farms in Serdang, Malaysia

Bluetongue disease is an arthropod-transmitted viral disease of ruminants with a worldwide distribution. Bluetongue outbreaks has been reported among livestock in Malaysia during the 1990s and since then few studies have paid attention to the status of Bluetongue in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to bluetongue virus among goats in selected small ruminant farms in Selangor, Malaysia. Blood samples were collected from 100 randomly selected goats. Sera were harvested and used for antibody detection. The result obtained revealed that all the samples tested were negative for antibodies to bluetongue virus. It was concluded that the goats sampled in this study were not exposed to bluetongue virus. Further studies using a bigger sample size, multiple species and a larger study area will be required to elucidate on the epidemiology of bluetongue virus in livestock of Malaysia

Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship (ENT300) Ayam Sihat Trading / Nor Rasidah Binti Nen... [et al.]

AYAM SIHAT is a cold storage that occur processing organic live poultry and selling a chicken at our own shop, We will sell a high protein and health by producing an organic chicken. This business is based on partnership where it consists of four (4) members. The members consist of the General Manager, Administration Manager, Marketing Manager, Operational Manager and Financial Manager. The business capital is amounted to RM 80, 000 where General Manager contributed RM 24 000, Administration Manager RM 8, 000, Operating Manager, Marketing Manager, and Financial Manager each of them contributed RM 16, 000 and the rest is from the financial company's loan. Our market focus based on population in Kota Samarahan which is our target group is caterers, groceries and housewife. We have an agreement with Joel's Farmland, whereas his company will supply us the fresh chicken every day. Why we choose on this business? It is because there is still a high potential in making a high profit. Besides, it has been high demand among restaurants, caterers, groceries and housewife. Other reason is because it important daily consume by our target customers. We will only provide the high quality and fresh chicken to our customers. That is our speciality among others competitors. This can effect on continuous service and we can gain a high profit due to our hard work in providing this kind of production. In future for around three (3) years after this project established, our target is to add workers, to expand our site and to be the number one of well-known business, open branch in other places and be trusted cold storage for all level ages of people and races

Dimensi Psikososial Persaraan (Psychosocial Dimension of Retirement)

Retirement is a unique phenomenon experienced by an individual who works very formal. One marker of retirement is lost in many aspects, including income, activities, identit themselves and friends as a source of support. For individuals who do not have the preparation, retirement is a burden that can give psychosocial implications not only to him but also to the family and society. Therefore it is necessary that there is a program that can help workers prepare yourself both before and after retireme

Intervensi life review therapy bagi lanjut usia yang mengalami masalah emosional dan kognitif

Ilmu dan teknologi senantiasa berkembang. Kemajuan ilmu dan teknologi telah memberi pengaruh ke dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan bermasyarakat seperti bidang kesehatan, ekonomi, dan pendidikan. Dalam bidang kesehatan misalnya, kemajuan teknologi pengobatan dan perawatan telah meningkatkan derajat kesehatan manusia yang tercermin dari semakin tingginya angka harapan hidup (life of expectancy). Implikasi dari peningkatan angka harapan hidup ini adalah semakin meningkatnya jumlah kelompok lanjut usia di masyarakat (Atchley, 2000). Pada sisi lain, kemajuan dan perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi juga telah mendorong terjadinya perubahan-perubahan dalam sistem sosial-budaya masyarakat. Perubahan tersebut tercermin pada perubahan pola dan sistem kekeluargaan dari keluarga besar (extended family) kepada keluarga inti (nuclear family). Konsekuensi perubahan ini juga berdampak pada kelompok orang tua yang berusia lanjut. Hal ini disebabkan semua anggota khususnya anak-anak mereka telah membentuk keluarga baru, sehingga tidak jarang orang tua yang diabaikan dan ditelantarkan oleh anak-anak dan kerabat mereka sendiri

Low wall shear stress predicts subsequent development of wall hypertrophy in lower limb bypass grafts

Background: Venous grafts commonly develop myointimal hyperplasia, which can lead to stenoses and, ultimately, with expression of adhesion molecules, lumenal occlusion. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether wall shear stress measured post-operatively would predict subsequent myointimal hypertrophy in lower limb venous bypass grafts. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound were performed in a cohort of patients following lower limb venous bypass graft surgery for peripheral arterial disease at baseline (1-2 weeks) and at follow-up (9-12 months). Wall shear stress was determined at baseline using computational fluid dynamics techniques and intima-media thickness along the length of the graft was measured by ultrasound at baseline and follow up. Results: Complete follow-up was possible in eight patients, in whom low wall shear stress at baseline predicted high intima-media thickness. The relationship between wall shear stress (WSS) and intima-media thickness (IMT) was curvilinear with IMT increasing sharply at lower levels of WSS (IMT >1.0 mm at <0.3 Pa). Conclusions: Low wall shear stress is associated with subsequent increase in myointimal thickness in lower limb venous bypass grafts. This is believed to be the first prospective study in humans to demonstrate the relationship between low wall shear stress and myointimal thickening and indicates a likely causative role for low wall shear stress in the development of myointimal hyperplasia. © 2009 Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology.Published versio

Suppression of EAE and Prevention of Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown after Vaccination with Novel Bifunctional Peptide Inhibitor

The efficacy of bifunctional peptide inhibitor (BPI) in preventing blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown during onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and suppression of the disease was evaluated in mice. The mechanism that defines how BPI prevents the disease was investigated by measuring the in vitro cytokine production of splenocytes. Peptides were injected 5 to 11 days prior to induction of EAE, and the severity of the disease was monitored by a standard clinical scoring protocol and change in body weight. The BBB breakdown in diseased and treated mice was compared to that in normal control mice by determining deposition of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (Gd-DTPA) in the brain using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mice treated with PLP-BPI showed no or low indication of EAE as well as normal increase in body weight. In contrast, mice treated with the control peptide or PBS showed a decrease in body weight and a high disease score. The diseased mice had high deposition of Gd-DTPA in the brain, indicating breakdown in the BBB. However, the deposition of Gd-DTPA in PLP-BPI-treated mice was similar to that in normal control mice. Thus, PLP-BPI can suppress EAE when administered as a peptide vaccine and maintain the integrity of the BBB