Estado de excepción y control de constitucionalidad: una aproximación crítica a partir de los dictámenes expedidos por la Corte Constitucional durante la pandemia de COVID-19

En la actualidad, se ha renovado el interés académico por el estudio de la figura del estado de excepción. Se discute no solamente el uso gubernamental reiterado y, en muchos casos, poco eficaz de tal figura para afrontar la pandemia de COVID-19, sino también los retos y peligros que supone para el telos del constitucionalismo, a saber, el principio de equilibrio de poderes y los derechos humanos. Es así como en esta investigación se pretende, a partir del estudio de los dictámenes expedidos en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19, ofrecer una mirada crítica acerca de la actuación de la Corte Constitucional con respecto a la protección de dicho telos a través de su control jurisdiccional. Para elucidar ciertas cuestiones relacionadas con el estado de excepción y el control de constitucionalidad vigente en el Ecuador también se recurre a distintos materiales teóricos, históricos, normativos y doctrinarios. En el desarrollo de esta investigación se emplean los siguientes métodos: histórico-reflexivo, análisis del lenguaje, análisis ideológico y análisis sistemático. La aplicación de estos métodos ha permitido, principalmente, articular ciertas precisiones sobre el estado de excepción con relación a otro tipo de fórmulas e institutos históricos con las que se lo vincula, arrojar luz acerca de su fundamentación y constitucionalización, y reconstruir el derecho de excepción vigente en el Ecuador, el cual comprende el conjunto de disposiciones jurídicas que rigen el procedimiento, los supuestos de activación y los mecanismos de control. Finalmente, se muestra los principales aciertos y deficiencias de las decisiones expedidas por la Corte Constitucional que impidieron, a mi juicio, el resguardo pleno del telos del constitucionalismo

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome: A family case report in U.S./Mexico border by CEDIAMET

Primary familiar hyperchylomicronemia syndrome (FHS) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive condition. In 80% of cases is a result of a mutation in lipoprotein lipase, meanwhile, the 20% is a malfunctioning enzyme due to APOC2, APOA5, LMF1, or GP1HBP1. It is estimated FHS affects 3000 to 5000 individuals globally, with no correlation by sex or race. We are presenting a family with FHS in Reynosa, Mexico. The index patient was a male 36 years old who attended the CEDIAMET clinic after his 6th episode of acute pancreatitis. He has triglycerides 1300 mg/dl and CT scan with Balthazar C score. He suffered other five episodes of acute pancreatitis since 20 years old with serum triglycerides between 1,000 and 3,000 mg/dL. Each episode progressed in pain intensity and Balthazar score from A to C. The patient received treatment with bezafibrate and captopril because of hypertension. The physical exam shows eruptive xanthomas on his back, otherwise no other clinical relevant findings. He has a family history of recurrent pancreatitis in his father, and two older sisters (from a total of 3 sisters). This is the first case of FHS presented in RGV. To our knowledge, only one mutation in lipoprotein lipase had been described in Guanajuato, Mexico (Colima-Fausto 2017). The p.Gly188Glu mutation affects the lipid-binding region, leading to a complete loss of LPL function. We will research this case to determine if they have a mutation on any of the known genes and if negative, to sequence the regions for seeking new mutation on the U.S.-Mexico border. The common treatment for lowering triglycerides works small or not at all. Other conditions like hypothyroidism or Cushing were ruled out. A specialized exam is the post-heparin activation of lipoprotein lipase inadequate release of the enzyme. The dietary treatment includes a very low-fat diet (no more than 20 to 30 g fat/day), and avoiding alcohol. Plasmapheresis is an option for avoiding acute pancreatitis treatment. Recently, tiparvovec was discontinued in Europe (2007), and was the first gene therapy approved. Volanesorsen is another option that reduces triglycerides by 50 to 80%, currently in phase II and III trials

Revisitando as Teorias Marxistas da Inflação

XX Encontro Nacional de Economia Política: desenvolvimento Latino-Americano, Integração e Inserção Internacional - UNILA, Foz do Iguaçu, 26 a 29 de maio de 2015O fenômeno infl acionário passa a assumir lugar de destaque na literatura econômica após a década de 1960, exatamente no momento em que tal fenômeno se torna um problema de maior amplitude e com um profundo enraizamento nos países capitalistas avançados. O marxismo construiu suas explicações sobre a infl ação baseadas sobretudo nas seguintes abordagens: i) que os confl itos sobre a distribuição da renda são, em suma, a causa mais signifi cativa da infl ação; ii) que a infl ação está vinculada ao crescente poder dos monopólios, sendo reforçado pelas políticas intervencionistas do Estado; e iii) que o fenômeno é explicado pela discrepância gerado endogenamente entre os aumentos da oferta e da demanda do dinheiro de crédito. O objetivo deste texto é revisitar estas abordagens marxistas, assim como fez Saad-Filho (2000), porém avançando na crítica metodológica. Mais especifi camente, nosso objetivo é o de, revisitando essas abordagens teóricas, realizar uma crítica metodológica mostrando a continuidade da validade do método de Marx para compreender o fenômeno da infl ação do pós segunda guerra mundialBanco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES); Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipu (ITAIPU); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA

Environmental variables affecting the behavior of demand and the price of electric power in Colombia

 El presente documento refleja los pasos que fueron necesarios para la construcción del estudio sobre el impacto de las variables que afectan el comportamiento de la demanda y el precio de la energía eléctrica en Colombia, como el Fenómeno climáticos  El Niño, demanda y oferta energética, y modelamiento del consumo energético por la población. Como metodología se realizó un análisis cuantitativo, utilizando técnicas estadística inferencial con reducción de las variables, se hizo procesamiento de los datos mediante las pruebas de estadísticas Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, correlación por coeficiente de Pearson, regresión lineal por estimación curvilínea, como resultados se concluyó que la variable de la anomalía de temperatura del Océano Pacifico Niño 3-4 y la variable del precio nacional kilovatio-hora; se encuentran correlacionadas de manera directa positiva con fuerza moderada. Esto permite el establecimiento de recomendaciones con base en las proyecciones realizadas mediante el modelo de suavización exponencial de Holt, para estimar un posible razonamiento de energía si no se realizan las inversiones en nuevos proyectos de generación eléctrica al ver el comportamiento de la demanda creciente.Palabras clave: Demanda y oferta energética, fenómeno de El Niño, Modelamient

Desempeño productivo y análisis económico de una engorda intensiva de corderos tratados con zeranol y andrógenos inyectable bajo condiciones tropicales

The aim of this study was to compare the productive performance and profitability of the fattening of Kathadin male and female lambs (n=97) in confinement treated with Zeranol (ZNL), androgens (AND) and ZNL+AND under a 2x4 factorial design. The lambs treated with ZNL received 0.2 mg/kg of body weight (BW) every 28 d, those treated with AND received Nandrolone Decanoate + Trenbolone + Boldenone Undecinelate, via IM in doses of 0.3 mg/kg + 0.4 mg/kg + 0.3 mg/kg of BW, respectively, every 28 d, those treated with ZL+AND received the same doses of the mentioned drugs, while those in the control group received 0.5 mL of saline solution. Final body weight (FBW), daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion (FC) on dry basis (DM) and wet basis (WM), and voluntary intake (VC) in DM and WM were evaluated. The FBW was different (p<0.05) between treatments in males and females. The DWG was higher (p<0.05) for females treated with AND compared to those treated with ZNL and AND+ZNL, the latter being similar to those of the control group. Females treated with AND registered a lower (p<0.05) VC compared to those treated with ZNL and AND+ZNL. Net utility, benefit: cost ratio and profitability were better in animals treated with AND. The administration of AND represents a viable alternative to make more efficient the confinement fattening systems of lambs.El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el desempeño productivo y la rentabilidad de una engorda de corderos machos y hembras Kathadin (n=97) en confinamiento tratados con Zeranol (ZNL), andrógenos (AND) y ZNL+AND bajo un diseño factorial 2x4. Los corderos tratados con ZNL recibieron 0.2 mg/kg de peso vivo (PV) cada 28 d, los tratados con AND recibieron Decanoato de nandrolona + Trembolona + Undecinelato de boldenona, vía IM en dosis de 0.3 mg/kg + 0.4 mg/kg + 0.3 mg/kg de PV, respectivamente, cada 28 d, los tratados con ZL+AND recibieron las mismas dosis de los fármacos mencionados, en tanto que los del grupo control recibieron 0.5 ml de solución salina. Se evaluó el peso vivo final (PVF), ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), conversión alimenticia (CA) en base seca (BS) y base húmeda (BH), y el consumo voluntario (CV) en BS y BH. El PVF fue diferente (p<0.05) entre tratamientos en hembras y machos. La GDP resultó mayor (p<0.05) para hembras tratadas con AND en comparación con las tratadas con ZNL y AND+ZNL, siendo las últimas similares a las del grupo control. Las hembras tratadas con AND registraron un menor (p<0.05) CV en comparación con las tratadas con ZNL y AND+ZNL. La utilidad neta, relación beneficio: costo y rentabilidad fueron mejores en los animales tratados con AND. La administración de AND representa una alternativa viable para hacer más eficiente los sistemas de engorda de corderas y corderos en confinamiento

A linha de vida como recurso metodológico para a interpretação do acontecer biográfico

Revisamos la línea de vida como herramienta útil para analizar y comprender las vivencias de las personas. Discutimos el valor de la herramienta para construir ejes analíticos, secuenciar, estructurar y graficar información mediante diversos recursos: colores, grosores y formas. Damos cuenta de las posibilidades de la línea de vida para interpretar acontecimientos biográficos desde dos perspectivas teóricas: el enfoque biográfico y el enfoque curso de vida, cada uno ejemplificado a partir de dos estudios previos. Los abordajes permiten visibilizar condiciones de vida o procesos de transición mediante este recurso metodológico, como facilitador del trabajo interpretativo, en torno al sentido de vida que buscamos comprender alrededor de la condición humana.This paper aims to review the life course as a tool to analyze and understand people’s experiences. We discuss the value of the tool for constructing analytical axes, sequencing, structuring, and graphing information through various resources: colors, thicknesses, and shapes. Then, we account for the possibilities of the life course to interpret biographical events from two theoretical perspectives: the biographical approach and the life course approach, each exemplified from two previous studies. These approaches make it possible to observe living conditions or transition processes with the aid of this methodological resource, as a facilitator of interpretive work, in relation to the meaning of life that we seek to understand around the human condition.Revisamos a linha de vida como uma ferramenta útil na análise e compreensão das vivências das pessoas. Discutimos o valor dessa ferramenta na construção dos eixos analíticos e na sequência, estrutura e desenho da informação através de recursos diversos: cores, grossura e formas. Consideramos as possibilidades da linha de vida para interpretar eventos biográficos desde duas perspectivas teóricas: a abordagem biográfica e a abordagem curso de vida, cada uma delas exemplificadas a partir dos estudos prévios. Essas abordagens permitem visibilizar condições de vida ou processos de transição por meio deste recurso metodológico, como facilitador do trabalho interpretativo, em torno do sentido de vida que procuramos compreender ao redor da condição humana.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Genome-wide and gene-specific epigenomic platforms for hepatocellular carcinoma biomarker development trials

The majority of the epigenomic reports in hepatocellular carcinoma have focused on identifying novel differentially methylated drivers or passengers of the oncogenic process. Few reports have considered the technologies in place for clinical translation of newly identified biomarkers. The aim of this study was to identify epigenomic technologies that need only a small number of samples to discriminate HCC from non-HCC tissue, a basic requirement for biomarker development trials. To assess that potential, we used quantitative Methylation Specific PCR, oligonucleotide tiling arrays, and Methylation BeadChip assays. Concurrent global DNA hypomethylation, gene-specific hypermethylation, and chromatin alterations were observed as a hallmark of HCC. A global loss of promoter methylation was observed in HCC with the Illumina BeadChip assays and the Nimblegen oligonucleotide arrays. HCC samples had lower median methylation peak scores and a reduced number of significant promoter-wide methylated probes. Promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1A, SSBP2, and B4GALT1 quantified by qMSP had a sensitivity ranging from 38% to 52%, a specificity of 100%, and an AUC from 0.58 to 0.75. A panel combining these genes with HCC risk factors had a sensitivity of 87%, a specificity of 100%, and an AUC of 0.91

Genome-Wide and Gene-Specific Epigenomic Platforms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Biomarker Development Trials

The majority of the epigenomic reports in hepatocellular carcinoma have focused on identifying novel differentially methylated drivers or passengers of the oncogenic process. Few reports have considered the technologies in place for clinical translation of newly identified biomarkers. The aim of this study was to identify epigenomic technologies that need only a small number of samples to discriminate HCC from non-HCC tissue, a basic requirement for biomarker development trials. To assess that potential, we used quantitative Methylation Specific PCR, oligonucleotide tiling arrays, and Methylation BeadChip assays. Concurrent global DNA hypomethylation, gene-specific hypermethylation, and chromatin alterations were observed as a hallmark of HCC. A global loss of promoter methylation was observed in HCC with the Illumina BeadChip assays and the Nimblegen oligonucleotide arrays. HCC samples had lower median methylation peak scores and a reduced number of significant promoter-wide methylated probes. Promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1A, SSBP2, and B4GALT1 quantified by qMSP had a sensitivity ranging from 38% to 52%, a specificity of 100%, and an AUC from 0.58 to 0.75. A panel combining these genes with HCC risk factors had a sensitivity of 87%, a specificity of 100%, and an AUC of 0.91

Gestión de inventarios en la empresa Papeles Soto Imporsopapel S.A., según la NIC 2 y su incidencia financiera, contable y tributaria

Uno de los activos más importantes para las empresas son los inventarios dado que son la principal fuente de ingresos e indispensables para el desarrollo de las actividades empresariales. Imporsopapel S.A., es una empresa dedicada a la importación y comercialización de papeles, cartulinas, artículos de oficina, escolares y otros similares; la cual presenta varios problemas en el rubro inventarios, siendo el principal un deficiente manejo y control de los mismos. Dada la importancia que representan los inventarios para la empresa y ante los problemas encontrados se consideró necesario realizar el presente trabajo de titulación bajo un enfoque mixto, vinculando datos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Para su desarrollo se llevó a cabo un análisis de la gestión de inventarios y su incidencia contable, tributaria y financiera, conforme lo establecido en la NIC 2. Asimismo, se determinó que los inventarios tienen un gran impacto contable y financiero, puesto que una mala gestión afecta la información económica y financiera de la empresa, así como niveles de liquidez y endeudamiento. Además, se diseñó un sistema de gestión de inventarios acorde a las necesidades de la empresa con el fin de fortalecer los procesos internos y contribuir a la consecución de los objetivos empresariales.The Inventories are one of the most important assets account for companies due to they are the main source of income. Also, these are indispensable for the development of business activities. Imporsopapel S.A., is a company dedicated to importation and commercialization of paper, cardboard, office supplies, school supplies, among others supplies with similar characteristics. This company has several problems in the inventory area due to poor management and control of this area. For this graduate work, the importance of inventories and issues found in the company were considered. Also, this work links up qualitative and quantitative data. To complete the research for this work, an analysis of inventory management and its accounting, tax and financial impact was carried out, in conformity with IAS 2. Likewise, it was determined that inventories have a great accounting and financial impact. A poor management of inventories affects the economic and financial information of the company, as well as liquidity and indebtedness levels. Moreover, an inventory management system was designed according to the needs of the company in order to fortify internal processes and contribute to achievement business objectives.Contador Público AuditorCuenc