PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NHT (Number Heads Together)

The objective of this qualitati veresearchist of indout the improvement of the students' math learning resultsusing NHT cooperative learning model (Numbered Heads Together). The data sources of this case study were secondary and primary data. (1) The primary data wereobtained from the information at the research site and (2) the secondary datawerecontainedof the attachments of the scientific journals review. The data were analyzedthrough data reduction, presentation, andconclusions or verification.This studywas about the improvement results of mathematics learning usingNHT cooperative learning model (Numbered Heads Together) in the tenth-grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah Kupangon matrix materials.The study showed that NHTcooperative learning model(Numbered Heads Together) could improve the math learning results of tenth-grade students ofSMK Muhamtsmadiyah Kupangon matrix materials

Development Chitosan-based forward Osmosis Membranes for Emergency Drinking Water Supply

Development of forward osmosis (FO) membranes became one of the alternative methods for drinking water supply in an emergency. In this research, drinking water bags based on FO membrane  have been developed using chitosan as the basic material of membrane. The chitosan membrane used for the manufacture of drinking water bags has a thickness of 0.043 mm, 30.3% porosity, tensile strength 28.83 kgf / mm2, swelling degree 43.5% and elongation of 7.16%. Drinking water bags are made with a combination of Polypropylene Plastic (PP) and aluminum foil with FO membrane inside. This drinking water bag can be applied for brackish water purification to be energy drinking water as one of the solutions for the drinking water supply in emergencies. FO process testing is done by using variation of sugar solution as the draw solution, that are glucose, fructose, sucrose and mixture. The concentration of applied draw solution is 1, 2 and 3M within 1 hour treatment. The highest water flux was obtained in 3M sucrose solution with a flux value of 5.25 L/m2hour. The results of drinking water quality parameters  analysis  in the form of pH, Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), salinity, conductivity, heavy metals and Escherichia coli (E. coli) contents showed that the FO water produc meets drinking water quality standards based on  Indonesian government regulation of drinking water quality. FO-membrane-based drinking water bags are potentially used as an alternative solution for the energy drinking water supply in an emergency

PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI BUAH KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior) MENJADI “SIALA JELLY” DI DESA SIMATOHIR

Kecombrang merupakan jenis tanaman semak yang banyak ditemukan di kebun masyarakat desa Simatohir. Di desa Simatohir bunga kecombrang sudah pernah diolah menjadi olahan pangan seperti Stick kecombrang, tapi buahnya belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Dari beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecombrang memiliki banyak khasiat khususnya dalam mencegah dan mengobati beragam penyakit sehingga kecombrang dapat dijadikan sebagai pangan fungsional. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan potensi buah kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) dengan pemanfaatannya menjadi olahan pangan (siala jelly) sebagai upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu menjalin kerja sama dengan pemerintah daerah setempat, uji pendahuluan pembuatan olahan kecombrang, Sosialisasi dan pendampingan pengolahan kecombrang. Kegiatan sosialisasi pembuatan siala jelly kepada masyarakat desa Simatohir berjalan dengan lancar dilihat dari antusias peserta dalam menyimak materi dan mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan. Hasil kuisoner yang diberikan kepada peserta menunjukkan bahwa semua peserta menyukai rasa siala jelly

Development Chitosan-based Forward Osmosis Membranes for Emergency Drinking Water Supply

Development of forward osmosis (FO) membranes became one of the alternative methods for drinking water supply in an emergency. In this research, drinking water bags based on FO membrane have been developed using chitosan as the basic material of membrane. The chitosan membrane used for the manufacture of drinking water bags has a thickness of 0.043 mm, 30.3% porosity, tensile strength 28.83 kgf / mm2, swelling degree 43.5% and elongation of 7.16%. Drinking water bags are made with a combination of Polypropylene Plastic (PP) and aluminum foil with FO membrane inside. This drinking water bag can be applied for brackish water purification to be energy drinking water as one of the solutions for the drinking water supply in emergencies. FO process testing is done by using variation of sugar solution as the draw solution, that are glucose, fructose, sucrose and mixture. The concentration of applied draw solution is 1, 2 and 3M within 1 hour treatment. The highest water flux was obtained in 3M sucrose solution with a flux value of 5.25 L/m2hour. The results of drinking water quality parameters analysis in the form of pH, Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), salinity, conductivity, heavy metals and Escherichia coli (E. coli) contents showed that the FO water produc meets drinking water quality standards based on Indonesian government regulation of drinking water quality. FO-membrane-based drinking water bags are potentially used as an alternative solution for the energy drinking water supply in an emergency

PENGARUH OVERSIZE PISTON TERHADAP UNJUK KERJA ENGINE HONDA MEGA PRO 2006

Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan proses oversize pada motor Honda Mega Pro tahun 2006 yang telah aus atau piston dan dinding silinder terlalu banyak celah. Oversize dilakukan dengan mengganti piston standar berukuran 63,3 mm dengan piston berukuran lebih besar, yaitu 65,0 mm dan 65,5 mm.Tujuan dari proses oversize ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja motor dan membandingkannya dengan penggunaan piston standar. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampaknya terhadap volume langkah, daya, dan kompresi, serta melihat perubahan dalam konsumsi bahan bakar setelah proses oversize dilakukan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan meng-oversize piston, terjadi peningkatan volume langkah mesin. Namun, tekanan dalam ruang bakar mengalami penurunan, sementara perbandingan kompresi meningkat. Meskipun terjadi peningkatan volume langkah, daya yang dihasilkan dan gaya yang diperoleh relatif sama dengan motor yang menggunakan piston standar. Hal ini menandakan bahwa mesin yang menggunakan piston oversize masih mampu menghasilkan daya yang komparatif dengan mesin berukuran standar.Namun, perlu dicatat bahwa terdapat sedikit kenaikan dalam konsumsi bahan bakar setelah dilakukan proses oversize. Ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan piston dengan diameter lebih besar dapat mempengaruhi efisiensi bahan bakar, meskipun peningkatannya tidak signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman tentang pengaruh proses oversize terhadap kinerja motor, termasuk volume langkah, perbandingan kompresi, daya, dan volume langkah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa oversizing piston dapat memiliki dampak pada beberapa aspek ini, meskipun efeknya dapat bervariasi tergantung pada parameter spesifik motor dan kondisi pengujian

Multiomics Characterization of Preterm Birth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Importance: Worldwide, preterm birth (PTB) is the single largest cause of deaths in the perinatal and neonatal period and is associated with increased morbidity in young children. The cause of PTB is multifactorial, and the development of generalizable biological models may enable early detection and guide therapeutic studies. Objective: To investigate the ability of transcriptomics and proteomics profiling of plasma and metabolomics analysis of urine to identify early biological measurements associated with PTB. Design, Setting, and Participants: This diagnostic/prognostic study analyzed plasma and urine samples collected from May 2014 to June 2017 from pregnant women in 5 biorepository cohorts in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs; ie, Matlab, Bangladesh; Lusaka, Zambia; Sylhet, Bangladesh; Karachi, Pakistan; and Pemba, Tanzania). These cohorts were established to study maternal and fetal outcomes and were supported by the Alliance for Maternal and Newborn Health Improvement and the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth biorepositories. Data were analyzed from December 2018 to July 2019. Exposures: Blood and urine specimens that were collected early during pregnancy (median sampling time of 13.6 weeks of gestation, according to ultrasonography) were processed, stored, and shipped to the laboratories under uniform protocols. Plasma samples were assayed for targeted measurement of proteins and untargeted cell-free ribonucleic acid profiling; urine samples were assayed for metabolites. Main Outcomes and Measures: The PTB phenotype was defined as the delivery of a live infant before completing 37 weeks of gestation. Results: Of the 81 pregnant women included in this study, 39 had PTBs (48.1%) and 42 had term pregnancies (51.9%) (mean [SD] age of 24.8 [5.3] years). Univariate analysis demonstrated functional biological differences across the 5 cohorts. A cohort-adjusted machine learning algorithm was applied to each biological data set, and then a higher-level machine learning modeling combined the results into a final integrative model. The integrated model was more accurate, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.72-0.91) compared with the models derived for each independent biological modality (transcriptomics AUROC, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.61-0.83]; metabolomics AUROC, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.47-0.72]; and proteomics AUROC, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.64-0.85]). Primary features associated with PTB included an inflammatory module as well as a metabolomic module measured in urine associated with the glutamine and glutamate metabolism and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis pathways. Conclusions and Relevance: This study found that, in LMICs and high PTB settings, major biological adaptations during term pregnancy follow a generalizable model and the predictive accuracy for PTB was augmented by combining various omics data sets, suggesting that PTB is a condition that manifests within multiple biological systems. These data sets, with machine learning partnerships, may be a key step in developing valuable predictive tests and intervention candidates for preventing PTB

Association of maternal prenatal copper concentration with gestational duration and preterm birth: a multicountry meta-analysis

Background Copper (Cu), an essential trace mineral regulating multiple actions of inflammation and oxidative stress, has been implicated in risk for preterm birth (PTB). Objectives This study aimed to determine the association of maternal Cu concentration during pregnancy with PTB risk and gestational duration in a large multicohort study including diverse populations. Methods Maternal plasma or serum samples of 10,449 singleton live births were obtained from 18 geographically diverse study cohorts. Maternal Cu concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The associations of maternal Cu with PTB and gestational duration were analyzed using logistic and linear regressions for each cohort. The estimates were then combined using meta-analysis. Associations between maternal Cu and acute-phase reactants (APRs) and infection status were analyzed in 1239 samples from the Malawi cohort. Results The maternal prenatal Cu concentration in our study samples followed normal distribution with mean of 1.92 μg/mL and standard deviation of 0.43 μg/mL, and Cu concentrations increased with gestational age up to 20 wk. The random-effect meta-analysis across 18 cohorts revealed that 1 μg/mL increase in maternal Cu concentration was associated with higher risk of PTB with odds ratio of 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 1.57) and shorter gestational duration of 1.64 d (95% CI: 0.56, 2.73). In the Malawi cohort, higher maternal Cu concentration, concentrations of multiple APRs, and infections (malaria and HIV) were correlated and associated with greater risk of PTB and shorter gestational duration. Conclusions Our study supports robust negative association between maternal Cu and gestational duration and positive association with risk for PTB. Cu concentration was strongly correlated with APRs and infection status suggesting its potential role in inflammation, a pathway implicated in the mechanisms of PTB. Therefore, maternal Cu could be used as potential marker of integrated inflammatory pathways during pregnancy and risk for PTB

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Sinergistik pengaruh ukuran partikel dan konsentrasi Butadiene Ruber tehadap struktur internal dan kualitas Inteface Polycarbonate/ ABS Blends

ix+32hlm.;29c