The Determination of Kesongo Mud Volcano System Zone Using Seismic Interval Velocity at Potential Overpressure in The Tawun Formation, “F” Field, NE Java Basin

The Mud Volcano System (SMV) is an interesting topic, especially the relatively shallow oil and gas basin in North East Java. The Tawun Formation is an alternating layer of claystone that is quite thick. It has been confirmed in several oil and gas fields as a potential layer of a mud volcano system, specifically the Kesongo Mud Volcano System. The existence of this system is a challenge to further exploration; therefore, zoning is essential. The data used in this research were interval velocity cubes which were re-picked in each of the two bin sizes (2x25m) as the primary data. The well and velocity data were performed to determine the deviation from the Normal Compaction Trend (NCT). Furthermore, the seismic interval was confirmed with drilling data such as mud log and mud weight. The value of preliminary pore pressure was also derived from interval velocity using Eaton Equation which is confirmed by mud weight data. The Zoning of the Mud Volcano System was carried out via a depth slice at 3D seismic intervals. The results showed that the Tawun Formation has a Mud Volcano System prone zone at a depth of 204 m and decreases in geometry as the depth increases. Meanwhile, the OP-1 zone was the safest zone for exploration, followed by OP-2 but requires passage through the Kesongo Mud Volcano System zone of 1000 m thickness

Construction of Hierarchical CuCo2O4-Ni(OH)2 Core-Shell Nanowire Arrays for High-Performance Pseudocapacitors

The hierarchical CuCo2O4-Ni(OH)2 core-shell nanowire arrays on Ni foam were fabricated using facile and cost-effective two-step hydrothermal synthesis. The growth of CuCo2O4 nanowires was developed on Ni foam as the apposite basis of the conductive scaffold, and the ultrathin Ni(OH)2 nanowires were subsequently immobilized to form CuCo2O4-Ni(OH)2 core-shell nanowire arrays (NWAs). The prepared materials were further characterized in structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties. The obtained CuCo2O4-Ni(OH)2 pseudocapacitor electrode, incorporated by unique core-shell heterostructures nanowire arrays, exhibited great specific capacitance of 1201.67 F g-1 at 1 mA g-1, which is much higher than pristine CuCo2O4 nanowire of 638.89 F g-1 at 1 mA g-1. Simultaneously, it also has a high power density of 5.56 kW kg-1 at an energy density of 73.33 Wh kg-1 and good long-term cycling performance (~84 capacitance retention after 1000 cycles). The improved morphological and structural properties have substantiated the CuCo2O4-Ni(OH)2 core-shell nanowire arrays properties owing to higher surface active area and richer redox activity for boosting the electrochemical properties

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and Its Prospect for Powering Automobile in the Future

Increasing responsibility toward the environment forced the transportation sector to shift its gear toward the electric vehicle. While battery electric vehicle (BEV) have started enjoying success, it poses a question as to whether or not fuel cell vehicle (FCV) becomes redundant even before being widely deployed. The commercialization of FCV usually only comes after a long period after the prototype was introduced, signifying certain barriers to large-scale utilization. Aside from the various LCAs, studies have also tried to estimate the future cost and model FCV adoption. Due to the limited data and different regional conditions in which the project was done, these researches used vastly different scenarios and assumptions, making the result differ significantly. The lack of a clear-cut answer might indicate that the fate of FCV is not yet decided, and the PEMFC might still play a part in the green transportation era, albeit not as the dominant technology. Alternative uses and the condition required to utilize them were discussed in this short revie

Spatial Analysis Of Organic Material, CaCO3 and TOC in Coastal Area, Aceh Besar Regency

Most of the coastal zones of Aceh Besar are areas of accumulation of organic compounds such as C-Organic and CaCO3. Therefore, studying the distribution of organic carbon and carbonates in sediments in coastal areas is necessary. This study aims to analyze the distribution of C-Organic and Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) coupled with pH and Salinity tests spatially on the surface at a depth of 40 - 60 cm in the coastal area of Aceh Besar District. The C-Organic content was analyzed using the Walkley and Black method, while Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) was analyzed using the Titrimetric method. Soil pH and salinity tests were carried out in situ using a pH meter, and soil salinity tests were tested using a salinometer. The study results show that the distribution of C-Organic and Carbonate content differs in each location in Aceh Besar Coastal area. The distribution of organic carbon and carbonates in the northern part of Aceh Besar, in the Ujong Batee Puteh area, has an average value of 0.86% and 10.28%. While the distribution of C-Organic in the Lamreh area is, on average, 0.44%, and carbonate (CaCO3) is 8.03%. On the other hand, in the western part of Aceh Besar, the distribution C-Organic in the Ujong Pancu area is, on average, 2.83%, and carbonate (CaCO3) is 8.05%. The distribution of C-Organic in the Lhok Seudu area has an average value of 1.07% and carbonate (CaCO3) of 9.65%. The results also reveal the fact that there are 3 (three) factors that influence the distribution of C-Organic and CaCO3. These factors are the topographic location that allows the material to be eroded due to runoff, vegetation that enriches organic matter composition, and the depositional environment. The results of the pH distribution test in soil showed that the pH in the coastal area of Aceh Besar is relatively alkaline, and the salinity distribution is relatively low, indicating the absence of seawater intrusion and salt deposits. Further studies need to be carried out for other depth variations to obtain more comprehensive results of other distributions

Importance-Performance Analysis in Public Transport Level of Service: A Case Study of The Trans Koetaradja Bus in Banda Aceh

Traffic congestion often occurs in many cities, particularly in developing countries, mainly due to excessive private vehicles instead of public transport. To solve the problem, public transport should improve its level of services to attract more people to use it. Therefore, it is essential to observe to what extent people's satisfaction with public transport regarding its operation. This research aims to analyze the satisfaction level of bus passengers in Banda Aceh City concerning the expected satisfaction and observed performance. The passengers' satisfaction level was analyzed using the important performance analysis (quadrant analysis) method. The results showed that people's perception of the level of service of Trans Koetaradja buses was still acceptable. However, the arrival and departure time still needs to be improved. Further, dedicated bus lane planning is essential to avoid traffic jams so that the travel time can be much shorter. The fleet of operating buses is sufficient, and free-of-charge fares still need to be applied

Supply Chain Risk Mapping at ABC Cement Plant in Aceh, Indonesia

Supply Chain Risk Management is an industry collaboration work with partners in the supply chain system to implement a risk management process in dealing with the emergence of risks and uncertainties caused by logistics activities or other resources in the supply chain. Every industry deals with risk. This study aims to identify, classify, and mapping supply chain activities and their risks. At the initial stage, the identification of supply chain events is done by doing interviews and brainstorming. Then, these events are portrayed in the supply chain map. Then, the risk identification stage used a rating scale to determine the level of likelihood and consequence based on three SCOR elements. There are 40 risk events in this study which are 13 risk events in the source section, 19 risk events in the make section, and eight risk events in the delivery section. Finally, it is necessary to calculate the value of the Risk Priority Index (RPI). The RPI is the basis of the risk mapping stage. The risk map will show the urgency to treat each risk event

Increasing Preparedness Against Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards by Educating and Training a Community in Sipora Island, Indonesia

This research introduces ways of preparing the community to play a direct role in reducing the risk of earthquake and tsunami disasters. Nagari Matobe is a village located in South Sipora. This location is in an earthquake tsunami-prone area. The regional government has prepared Matobe village to be a disaster-resilient village. A previous survey from 2019-2020 showed that the community of Matobe village lacked knowledge of earthquakes, tsunamis, and disaster mitigation systems. This research aimed to improve preparation for earthquake and tsunami disasters by making the people of Matobe village resilient to disasters. The steps taken to improve community preparedness were: 1. An initial survey on community conditions, buildings, soil characteristics, and the community’s preparedness to face earthquakes and tsunamis; 2. The creation of a topographic map; 3. Education and training for elementary school students, with simulations, on the mechanism of earthquakes and tsunamis, on how to evacuate and prepare for evacuation, through stories using Doraemon, Nobita, and Dorami, comic characters from Japan; 4. Providing education and training on building materials under the 2002 Indonesian building planning standards and plans for earthquake-safe buildings following the 2016 earthquake-safe building structure standards; 5. Education and training to strengthen existing buildings; and 6. A proposal for a tsunami evacuation map and the location of evacuation signs. The community in Nagari Matobe was very cooperative and took an active role during the implementation of this research. The evaluation questionnaire distributed to elementary school students showed that the students were delighted and, on average, thought that the education and training in preparedness were beneficial. This education and training became an important reference for the community and government in developing Matobe village to become a disaster-resilient village.

Lead and Cadmium Ions Mitigation in Soil using Calcium Carbide Waste-Carbonised Lophira Alata Sawdust Composite (CCW-CLAS) as Immobilizing Agent

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a global environmental matter of interest due to its thinkable dangers to humans, environmental health and ecosystem preceding shortfalls in agricultural produce and dangerous health outcomes as they penetrate the food chain. The aim of this study was to mitigate lead and cadmium ions contaminant in soil using calcium carbide waste-carbonized lophira alata sawdust composite (CCW-CLAS). Contaminated soil samples were collected from Evbareke spare parts market, Benin City, Edo state Nigeria, using a grid sampling method at the depth of 0-20cm with the aid of soil auger. 50% W/W of the powdered calcium carbide waste and lophira alata sawdust was placed in a ceramic crucible and put into muffle furnace and heated at 350oC for 3 hours. The X-ray diffraction analysis for the calcium carbide waste-carbonized lophira alata sawdust composite (CCW-CLAS) revealed that it was made up of predominantly calcite fraction (55.0%), portlandite (25.0%), coesite (7.3%), muscovite (6.7%), dolomite (4.0%) and lime (2.1%) this was supported by FTIR analysis. SEM analysis revealed that calcium carbide waste-carbonized lophira alata sawdust composite (CCW-CLAS) possess a rough surface with pore of varied size and irregular shape. The contaminated soil from the Evbareke spare parts market was heavily polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons, and the soil was highly saline with low C.E.C. The soil texture was loamy-sand. As the amount of CCW-CLAS increased in the soil, the amount of cadmium and lead ions that was releasable in the soil reduced, indicating that CCW-CLAS was effective in immobilizing cadmium and lead ions. The optimum amount of the amender in the contaminated soil to immobilize lead ion was 4% w/w and cadmium ion was 2%.

Potential Aquifer Exploration using Electrical Resistivity Imaging at Rumbio Jaya, Kampar, Riau

Groundwater sustainability has become a serious issue as a water resource needed by society. Therefore, electrical Resistivity Imaging was carried out at Rumbio Jaya, Kampar, and Riau to study groundwater aquifer's electrical characteristics. The equipment used is a Geocis resistivity meter with (32) multi-electrodes alignment. Wenner configuration electrode was applied in this survey. The 2-D Electrical Resistivity inversion results indicate there are three resistivity zones; (1) Low resistivity value (0.0093 – 4.84 Ωm) representing conductive clay; (2) intermediate resistivity value (1.07 – 171 Ωm) indicate as potential aquifer layer; and (3) a high resistivity value (61 – 4000 Ωm) occupying as bolder of rock. All the zones have different thicknesses and depths, but mostly clay layers dan boulders are shown as lenses in the aquifer of the study area. Meanwhile, the aquifer layer is found easily at a depth of 1 meter up to 30 meters

Pyrolysis of Puspa Wood Sawdust and Sugarcane Bagasse into Biochar

Puspa wood sawdust and sugarcane bagasse are abundantly available but have low carbon content and nutrients. The carbon content and nutrients could be increased by converting biomass into biochar through pyrolysis. The independent variables of pyrolysis were essential to investigate because those inherently influence biochar quality. In this study, the effect of pyrolysis temperature (300, 350, 400, 450, and 500 ˚C) and time (30, 60, 90 mins) on the biochar characteristic such as pH, yield, and proximate compositions were determined. The total nitrogen, P2O5, and K2O content at optimum condition biochar were also investigated. The data analysis showed that the pyrolysis temperature and time increment positively correlated to the pH, ash content, and carbon content. At the same time, the yield and volatile matter were vice versa. Both biochar's optimum pyrolysis temperature and time were achieved at 500 and 90 minutes. The carbon content and nutrient of biochar were also increased compared to the biomass. The pyrolysis method has enhanced biomass quality, and the biochar may be used as a growing media and soil amendment. It can be concluded that the sugarcane bagasse biochar was more likely favorable than puspa wood sawdust biochar due to its higher fixed carbon and nutrient conten