78 research outputs found

    Auditory event-related potentials at preschool age in children born very preterm.

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    To assess auditory event-related potentials at preschool age in children born very preterm (VP, 27.4±1.9 gestational weeks, n=70) with a high risk of cognitive dysfunction

    GAN-based generative modelling for dermatological applications -- comparative study

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    The lack of sufficiently large open medical databases is one of the biggest challenges in AI-powered healthcare. Synthetic data created using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) appears to be a good solution to mitigate the issues with privacy policies. The other type of cure is decentralized protocol across multiple medical institutions without exchanging local data samples. In this paper, we explored unconditional and conditional GANs in centralized and decentralized settings. The centralized setting imitates studies on large but highly unbalanced skin lesion dataset, while the decentralized one simulates a more realistic hospital scenario with three institutions. We evaluated models' performance in terms of fidelity, diversity, speed of training, and predictive ability of classifiers trained on the generated synthetic data. In addition we provided explainability through exploration of latent space and embeddings projection focused both on global and local explanations. Calculated distance between real images and their projections in the latent space proved the authenticity and generalization of trained GANs, which is one of the main concerns in this type of applications. The open source code for conducted studies is publicly available at \url{https://github.com/aidotse/stylegan2-ada-pytorch}.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

    The Practice of Strategy Formation – Opening the Green Box

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    This thesis reports the results from an in-depth longitudinal study of how a new strategy actually forms in practice. The focus is on a Swedish multinational firm called the “MECH Group” and its efforts to combine environmental and business concerns in the new strategy called “Positive Impact.” Detailed examinations of people and their activities and practices uncover the dynamic and firm-wide aspects of strategy formation in general, and the greening of business in particular. The study shows how the combination of the strategy-as-practice and strategy process traditions can yield new insights. It contributes to the theorizing about strategy formation in three ways. First, it provides detailed real-time activity-level descriptive accounts about this phenomenon. Four kinds of activities that have strategic outcomes are identified and analyzed: visionary, prescribed, evaluative, and unrecognized. Second, it broadens the focus from top management and their intended activities to include other people in the organization and their activities, which can emerge with little or no involvement from top management. Six types of internal strategy practitioners are shown to be influential in the strategy formation process, either consciously or unconsciously, directly or indirectly: top management, strategy task force, corporate staff management, temporary governance, operational middle management, and operational-level employees. Third, it connects activity- and firm-level findings. More specifically, it lets a rich understanding about an actual practice inform the theorizing about the convergence of deliberate and emergent strategies. Three different kinds of integrating functions are identified: i. downward implementation, ii. upward recognition, and iii. horizontal facilitation. The findings also contribute to the knowledge about the greening of business. By developing a detailed empirical account about the practice of integrating environmental issues into business strategy, the study provides a descriptive view as a complement to the many normative ideas that are found in the existing literature. It also connects the greening of business to general strategic management theorizing. Furthermore, this study provides a methodological contribution in terms of how the richness of strategy formation can be researched, especially concerning the capturing of relevant empirical material in real time. It demonstrates the importance of having significant access to, and knowledge about, the organization under scrutiny. Moreover, it shows how a focus on the practitioners and their doing in the intermediate micro-context can enable the study of multiple people involved in various activities that have strategic outcomes. Finally, the improved understanding of both how a new strategy actually forms in general, and of how environmental issues are integrated into business strategy in particular, provides more realistic grounds upon which implications for practicing managers can be derived

    Revisorernas syn pÄ K2-regelverket

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    Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats Ă€r att studera de skillnader som finns mellan nuvarande regelverk och K2 och utforska vilka konsekvenser det kan fĂ„ till vad gĂ€ller rĂ€ttvisande bild av ett företags stĂ€llning och resultat.   Metod: Det metodiska angreppssĂ€ttet som jag valt att anvĂ€nda mig av i denna studie Ă€r kvalitativ metod. Detta genom att jag utfört intervjuer med ett antal kvalificerade revisorer pĂ„ Öhrlings Pricewaterhouse Coopers kontor i BollnĂ€s. DĂ„ mitt syfte med studien inte Ă€r att mĂ€ta eller generalisera resultatet utan snarare att fĂ„ en djupare förstĂ„else kring revisorernas Ă„sikter kring K2-regelverket Ă€r min bedömning att den kvalitativa metoden Ă€r den mest Ă€ndamĂ„lsenliga. Den information som jag tagit del av har jag dĂ€refter jĂ€mfört med andra regelverk som finns avseende redovisning för mindre företag i Sverige. Med detta som bakgrund har jag sedan analyserat resultaten och dragit egna slutsatser.   Resultat & slutsats: Studien visar att samtliga respondenter Ă€r tveksamma till flera delar av regelverket och stĂ€ller sig frĂ„gande till huruvida regelverket egentligen leder till nĂ„gra förenklingar i praktiken. De höjer Ă€ven ett varningens finger för att företag som vĂ€ljer att tillĂ€mpa detta regelverk lĂ€ttare och tidigare riskerar att hamna i en kontrollbalansrĂ€kningssituation. Vidare stĂ€ller sig en del av respondenterna frĂ„gande till vart en lĂ€sare av en Ă„rsredovisning kan ta del av företagets framtida avkastningsförmĂ„ga som en konsekvens av förbudet mot att aktivera egenupparbetade immateriella anlĂ€ggningstillgĂ„ngar. Sammanfattningsvis kan konstateras att K2-regelverket riskerar att föra med sig fler obesvarade frĂ„gor kring ett företags finansiella rapporter istĂ€llet för att som dess syfte Ă€r att leda till förenklingar för de mindre företagen.   Förslag till fortsattforskning: DĂ„ flertalet revisorer stĂ€ller sig frĂ„gande till flera delar av K2-regelverket anser jag det som intressant att utreda vad företagen anser om detta regelverk. En annan intressant frĂ„gestĂ€llning Ă€r hur mĂ„nga av företagen pĂ„ den lokala marknaden i BollnĂ€s Ă€r det som kĂ€nner till detta regelverk och dess innebör. Vidare kan det utredas hur mĂ„nga företag det Ă€r som tillĂ€mpar regelverket i dag och vidare undersöka varför de valt att tillĂ€mpa det. Det vore Ă€ven intressant att studera huruvida de som gĂ„tt över till att följa K2-regelverket upplever sitt arbete som förenklat. PĂ„ liknande sĂ€tt Ă€r det av intresse att fĂ„ svar pĂ„ varför företagen som vĂ€ljer att fortsĂ€tta att följa nuvarande regelverk inte valt att gĂ„ över till K2-regelverket.   Uppsatsens bidrag: Denna uppsats har bidragit till att lyfta fram vad de kvalificerade revisorerna pĂ„ Öhrlings Pricewaterhouse Coopers kontor i BollnĂ€s har för Ă„sikter kring vissa delar av K2-regelverket.   Nyckelord: Kvalificerad revisor, K2-regelverket, förenklingar, redovisning, Ă„rsredovisningslagen, BokföringsnĂ€mndens allmĂ€nna rĂ„d.

    Working at the trauma scene : Ambulance nurses experiences from working at the trauma scene

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    Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka ambulanssjuksköterskors upplevelser av arbete pĂ„ skadeplats med en till fyra drabbade personer. Metod: Fyra mĂ€n och fyra kvinnor, med en erfarenhet mellan tvĂ„ och elva Ă„r av ambulanssjukvĂ„rd, deltog i studien. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och data analyserades med innehĂ„llsanalys. Resultat: Sju kategorier identifierades: Kommunikation, Ledarskap, Medicinskt omhĂ€ndertagande, Rutiner och riktlinjer, Organisation, Personlighet och relationer, samt Samverkan. Skadeplatsarbetet sker utanför sjukhusets kontrollerade verksamhet. Att varje gĂ„ng anpassa sig till situationen, omhĂ€nderta, leda och organisera arbetet Ă€r det som krĂ€vs av en ambulanssjuksköterska. Samtidigt stĂ€lls stora krav pĂ„ den omkringliggande organisationen inklusive alla övriga resurser, pĂ„ att kunna samarbeta och fungera som grupp. Slutsats: Skadeplatsarbetet krĂ€ver en organisation som mĂ„ste fungera i minsta detalj och samtidigt alltid förbĂ€ttra sig. DĂ„ mĂ„nga av de upplevda problemen ansĂ„gs bero pĂ„ personlighet och relationer sĂ„ krĂ€ver det dessutom att personalen Ă€r stresstĂ„lig, ödmjuk, social, kreativ och noggrann.Aim: The aim with this study was to analyze the ambulance nurses experiences from working at the trauma scene, with up to four injured patients. Method: four men and four women, with a two to eleven years time of experience in the ambulance service, participated. Data from qualitative interviews were analyzed with content analysis. Result: Seven categories were identified: Communication, Leadership, Medical treatment, Routines and guidelines, Organization, Personalities and relations, and finally Cooperation. An ambulance nurse needs to be able to adapt to any given situation. To nurse and treat, to lead and organize the activity at the trauma scene, is some things that could be asked from the nurse. A great requirement is also put on the surrounding organization, including all other resources, to cooperate and to function as a team. Conclusion: Professional work at the trauma scene demands an organization that needs to function in any unique situation. At the same time it’s just as important that this organization continuously improves. Experiences from problems in prehospital work could be related to personalities and relations between colleagues. This shows the importance of personnel that can handle stress, show humbleness, empathy and skills of being creative, social and precise
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