Cross-cultural adaptation of the child development surveillance instrument “Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children (SWYC)” in the Brazilian context

Introdução: Diante da escassez de instrumentos de avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil adaptados culturalmente, validados e viáveis para uso na prática clínica no Brasil, é necessário maior investimento para disponibilização de recursos com boas propriedades psicométricas para uso clínico e cientifico. Objetivo: Analisar o processo de adaptação transcultural do instrumento de vigilância do desenvolvimento infantil “Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children (SWYC)” no contexto brasileiro. Método: O SWYC é um instrumento de vigilância do desenvolvimento infantil, comportamento e fatores de risco para crianças menores de 65 meses, constituído pelos questionários - Developmental Milestones, Parent’s Observations of Social Interactions (POSI), Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC), Preschool Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PPSC) e Family Questions. A adaptação transcultural seguiu as etapas recomendadas pela literatura e participaram 45 pais do primeiro pré-teste e 27 do segundo pré-teste. Para análise das propriedades de medida foi utilizada análise fatorial (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin–KMO), cálculo da validade convergente (Average Variance Extracted - AVE) e confiabilidade (consistência interna - Cronbach’s Alpha - CA). Resultados: No primeiro pré-teste, os pais compreenderam apenas 31% dos itens. O comitê de especialistas reanalisou e modificou os questionários. No segundo pré-teste, o índice de compreensão foi 77%, dando origem a versão final. Os questionários Developmental Milestones, BPSC e PPSC foram considerados unidimensionais (KMO = 0,62 a 0,95) e apresentaram AVE = 0,52 a 0,73 e CA = 0,55 a 0,97. Conclusão: Análise da qualidade dos itens, da validade convergente e da consistência interna da versão brasileira do SWYC revelou propriedades de medida satisfatórias, mostrando-se um instrumento promissor para uso clinico e em pesquisas com crianças no Brasil.Introducion: Faced with the scarcity of culturally adapted, validated and feasible instruments for assessing child development for use in clinical practice in Brazil, more investment is needed to provide resources with good psychometric properties for clinical and scientific use. Objective: To analyze the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Child Development Surveillance Instrument “Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children (SWYC)” in the Brazilian context. Methods: SWYC is an instrument for monitoring development, behavior and risk factors for children younger than 65 months, consisting of questionnaires - Developmental Milestones, Parent’s Observations of Social Interactions (POSI), Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC), Preschool Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PPSC) e Family Questions. The cross-cultural adaptation followed the steps recommended in the literature and 45 parents from the first pre-test and 27 from the second pre-test participated. For the analysis of the properties of measurement was used factor analysis (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin–KMO), calculation of convergent validity (Average Variance Extracted - AVE) and reliability (Internal consistency - Cronbach’s Alpha - CA). Results: In the first pre-test, parents comprised only 31% of the items. The panel of experts reviewed and modified the questionnaires. In the second pre-test, the comprehension index was 77%, giving rise to the final version. The questionnaires Developmental Milestones, BPSC and PPSC were considered unidimensional (KMO = 0.62 to 0.95) and had AVE of 0.52 to 0.73 and CA = 0.55 to 0.97. Conclusion: Analysis of the quality of the items, the convergent validity and the Internal consistency of the Brazilian version of the SWYC revealed satisfactory measurement properties, showing a promising instrument for clinical use and in research with children in Brazil

Fine motor coordination and writing of 6-9 year-old children born preterm and full term

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em investigar a relação entre coordenação fina e qualidade da escrita em escolares nascidos pré-termo e a termo. Quanto ao método, utilizou-se de descrição e comparação entre: grupo pré-termo – 28 escolares, com idade gestacional entre 32 e 36 semanas, peso ao nascer ≤ 2.500g, e o grupo a termo – 28 escolares nascidos com idade gestacional ≥ 37 semanas, peso ao nascer ≥ 2.500g, emparelhados por gênero, idade, sala escolar e condição socioeconômica. Os pais dos escolares de ambos os grupos responderam a questionários de desempenho motor e classificação econômica. O desempenho motor e a escrita foram examinados com a Avaliação da Coordenação e Destreza Motora (ACOORDEM) e os professores responderam a questionários para identificar déficits motores (DCDQ–Brasil), de atenção e aprendizagem (EDTAH). Sobre os resultados, constatou-se diferença significativa em alguns itens dos testes de escrita e coordenação fina, e pré-termos tenderam a desempenho inferior na escrita, coordenação fina e global e maior probabilidade de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade. Foi encontrada correlação entre o desempenho na escrita e alguns itens motores. Os resultados apontaram mais probabilidade a dificuldades motoras e na escrita entre escolares pré-termo, com implicações para assistência e educação dessas crianças.Objectives: To investigate the relation between fine motor coordination and the quality of writing in school children born preterm and full term. Method: Description and comparison between the preterm group – 28 school children with gestational ages between 32 and 36 weeks, birth weight ≤ 2500 g; and full term group – 28 school children born at gestational age ≥ 37 weeks, birth weight ≥ 2500 g, paired by gender, age, school class and socioeconomic status. The parents of the school children in both groups completed questionnaires on motor performance and economic classification. Motor performance and writing were assessed by the Motor Coordination and Dexterity Assessment (ACOORDEM), and the teachers completed questionnaires to identify motor cordination difficulties (DCDQ–Brazil), attention, and learning (EDTAH) deficits. Results: There were significant differences in some items of writing and fine coordination tests, and preterm infants tended to underperform in writing, fine and global coordination and were more prone to attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. A correlation between performance in writing and some motor items was found. The results indicated greater probability of motor and writing difficulties among preterm school children, with implications for their care and education

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Coordenação fina e escrita de crianças de 6 a 9 anos nascidas a termo e pré-termo

Objectives: To investigate the relation between fine motor coordination and the quality of writing in school children born preterm and full term. Method: Description and comparison between the preterm group – 28 school children with gestational ages between 32 and 36 weeks, birth weight ≤ 2500 g; and full term group – 28 school children born at gestational age ≥ 37 weeks, birth weight ≥ 2500 g, paired by gender, age, school class and socioeconomic status. The parents of the school children in both groups completed questionnaires on motor performance and economic classification. Motor performance and writing were assessed by the Motor Coordination and Dexterity Assessment (ACOORDEM), and the teachers completed questionnaires to identify motor cordination difficulties (DCDQ–Brazil), attention, and learning (EDTAH) deficits. Results: There were significant differences in some items of writing and fine coordination tests, and preterm infants tended to underperform in writing, fine and global coordination and were more prone to attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. A correlation between performance in writing and some motor items was found. The results indicated greater probability of motor and writing difficulties among preterm school children, with implications for their care and education.O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em investigar a relação entre coordenação fina e qualidade da escrita em escolares nascidos pré-termo e a termo. Quanto ao método, utilizou-se de descrição e comparação entre: grupo pré-termo – 28 escolares, com idade gestacional entre 32 e 36 semanas, peso ao nascer ≤ 2.500g, e o grupo a termo – 28 escolares nascidos com idade gestacional ≥ 37 semanas, peso ao nascer ≥ 2.500g, emparelhados por gênero, idade, sala escolar e condição socioeconômica. Os pais dos escolares de ambos os grupos responderam a questionários de desempenho motor e classificação econômica. O desempenho motor e a escrita foram examinados com a Avaliação da Coordenação e Destreza Motora (ACOORDEM) e os professores responderam a questionários para identificar déficits motores (DCDQ–Brasil), de atenção e aprendizagem (EDTAH). Sobre os resultados, constatou-se diferença significativa em alguns itens dos testes de escrita e coordenação fina, e pré-termos tenderam a desempenho inferior na escrita, coordenação fina e global e maior probabilidade de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade. Foi encontrada correlação entre o desempenho na escrita e alguns itens motores. Os resultados apontaram mais probabilidade a dificuldades motoras e na escrita entre escolares pré-termo, com implicações para assistência e educação dessas crianças