Idosos sob a perspectiva da identidade e dignidade humana: pensar os dispositivos normativos brasileiros, direitos sociais e o direito ao envelhecer / Elderly from the perspective of human identity and dignity: thinking about brazilian normative devices, social rights and the right to aging

O artigo a seguir, tem por escopo, analisar a inserção do idoso no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e na sociedade sob a perspectiva da identidade e dignidade humana. nesse sentido é importante, pensar os dispositivos normativos brasileiros, direitos sociais e o direito ao envelhecer. Destaca-se a esse processo, os dispositivos do estatuto do idoso e como estes se sentem com os direitos nos quais lhe são assegurados, detendo também à análise de um estudo de caso da identidade do idoso no meio social, dos quais o direito ao envelhecer tornam-se fundamentais como narrativa no contexto das demandas sociais. 

Induction of chronic non-inflammatory widespread pain increases cardiac sympathetic modulation in rats

Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic non-inflammatory widespread pain (CWP) and changes in sympathetic function. In attempt to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of FM we used a well-established CWP animal model. We aimed to evaluate changes in cardiac autonomic balance and baroreflex function in response to CWP induction in rats. CWP was induced by two injections of acidic saline (pH 4.0, n = 8) five days apart into the left gastrocnemius muscle. Control animals were injected twice with normal saline (pH 7.2, n = 6). One day after the second injection of acidic saline or normal saline, the animals had pulse interval (PI) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variability, and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) evaluated. After induction of CWP, there was an increase of power in the low frequency (LF) band of PI spectrum (12.75 +/- 1.04 nu), a decrease in the high frequency (HF) band (87.25 +/- 1.04 nu) and an increase of LF/HF ratio (0.16 +/- 0.01), when compared to control animals (7.83 +/- 1.13 nu LF; 92.16 +/- 1.13 nu HF; 0.08 +/- 0.01 LF/HF). In addition, there was an increase of power in the LF band of SAP spectrum (7.93 +/- 1.39 mmHg(2)) when compared to control animals (2.97 +/- 0.61 mmHg(2)). BRS was lower in acidic saline injected rats (0.59 +/- 0.06 ms/mmHg) when compared to control animals (0.71 +/- 0.03 ms/mmHg). Our results showed that induction of CWP in rats shifts cardiac sympathovagal balance towards sympathetic predominance and decreases BRS. These data corroborate findings in humans with FM. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Comportamento da frequência cardíaca e da saturação de oxigênio durante um combate simulado de jiu-jitsu em participantes acima de 30 anos de idade

Jiu-Jitsu is a combat sport that promotes increase in metabolic demand, where the main objective is the opponent submission, and for this action, athletes use levers, projections and immobilizations. Are scarce studies that evaluate the effects of a simulated combat of jiu-jitsu on cardiovascular system in practitioners above 30 years old. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of jiu-jitsu on heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) during a simulated combat in advanced practitioners with more than 30 years old. Were evaluated 6 men (33.3 ± 2.5 years old) practitioners of jiu-jitsu. Divided in doubles, the participants realized 4 combats of 5 minutes with interval of 3 minutes between each combat. HR and SpO2 were measured immediately after each combat. After the 4 combats, was observed an increase (p<0.001) of HR (bpm) on intervals 1 (160 ± 4.1), 2 (165.6 ± 8.0), 3 (167.3 ± 3.1) e 4 (161.3 ± 6.1) when compared to baseline values (70.1 ± 8). Besides that, the values of SpO2 after combat 1 (96 ± 0.75%), 2 (95.8 ± 0.52%), 3 (96.1 ± 0.52%) and 4 (95 ± 1.37%) decreased (p<0.001) when compared to baseline values (98.1 ± 0.51%). Against the foregoing, the simulated combat of jiu-jitsu were able to promote important cardiorespiratory repercussions in these practitioners. This effect indicates a high intensity of jiu-jitsu combat.O jiu-jitsu é um esporte de combate que promove grandes demandas metabólicas, onde seu principal objetivo é a submissão do adversário, e para tal ação, os atletas utilizam técnicas de alavancas, projeções e imobilizações. São escassos os estudos que avaliam os efeitos de um combate simulado de jiu-jitsu sobre o sistema cardiovascular em praticantes acima de 30 anos de idade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do jiu-jitsu sobre a frequência cardíaca (FC) e saturação de oxigênio (SpO2) durante um combate simulado em praticantes avançados com mais de 30 anos de idade. Foram avaliados 6 homens (33,3 ± 2,5 anos de idade) praticantes de jiu-jitsu. Divididos em duplas, os participantes realizaram 4 combates de 5 minutos com intervalos de 3 minutos entre cada combate. A FC e a SpO2 foram aferidas imediatamente após cada combate. Os valores foram expressos como a média ± desvio padrão da média. Após os 4 combates, foi observado um aumento (p<0,001) da FC (bpm) nos intervalos 1 (160±4,1), 2 (165,6 ± 8,0), 3 (167,3 ± 3,1) e 4 (161,3 ± 6,1) quando comparada aos valores de repouso (70,1 ± 8,0). Além disso, os valores da SpO2 após os combates 1 (96 ± 0,75%), 2 (95,8 ± 0,52%), 3 (96,1 ± 0,52%) e 4 (95 ± 1,37%) reduziram (p<0,001) quando comparadas aos valores de repouso (98,1 ± 0,51%). Diante do exposto, o combate simulado de jiu-jitsu foi capaz de provocar importantes repercussões cardiorrespiratórias nos participantes. Os efeitos observados indicam uma alta intensidade do combate de jiu-jits