Cogeneration Power-Desalting Plants Using Gas Turbine Combined Cycle

The gas-steam turbine combined cycle (GTCC) is the preferred power plant type because of its high efficiency and its use of cheap and clean natural gas as fuel. It is also the preferred type in the Arab Gulf countries where it is used as cogeneration power-desalting plant (CPDP). In this chapter, descriptions and analysis of the GTCC components are presented, namely, the gas turbine cycle (compressor, combustor, gas turbine), heat recovery steam generator, and steam turbine. Combinations of the GTCC with thermally driven desalination units to present CPDP are presented. A parametric study to show the effect of using GTCC on several operating parameters on the CPDP is also presented, as well as cost allocation methods of fuel between the two product utilities (electric power and desalted seawater are also presented)

Modulatory role of vitamins A and E on memory and motor functions of cyanide induced neurotoxicity in adult swiss mice

Summary: Cyanide is a potent neurotoxic substance that can initiate series of intracellular reactions leading to oxidative stress. To evaluate effect of sublethal administration of potassium cyanide (KCN) on sensorimotor functions and long term visuo-spatial learning and memory in adult Swiss mice and possible ameliorative role of vitamins A and E. These vitamins A and E (dietary) are antioxidants that have scavenging properties against free radicals and reactive oxygen species as a result of oxidative stress induced by cyanide. Thirty-five mice weighing between 18-22 g were used for the study. The animals were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7) and exposed to sublethal concentration of potassium cyanide (10% LD50; 1.5 mg/kg). KCN was administered orally while vitamin A (25 mg/kg) and vitamin E (50 mg/kg) were administered intra-peritoneal (IP) once daily for 28 days. Potassium cyanide (KCN) was first administered and after 10 minutes intervals, followed by vitamin A and then E after 5 minutes, vitamin E were administered across the different treatment groups. Mice were examined for signs of toxicity. Vitamins pre-treatment ameliorated toxic signs. In the dynamics of wire grid, coat hanger and stationary beam test, the latency to fall in weeks 2 and 4 were statistically significant. In acquisition and retention, using elevated plus maze (EPM), KCN treated group recorded high transfer latencies in seconds (50.40±1.72 secs) and (57.60±0.93 secs) as compared to group IV (29.40±0.68 secs; 5.60±0.60 secs). Cyanide is a neurotoxin that affects motor functions with progressive decline in motor strength and coordination. KCN affects acquisition and retention memory while pre-treatment with antioxidant vitamins A and E ameliorated these deficits.Keywords: Cyanide; Neurotoxicity; Memory; Motor functionNiger. J. Physiol. Sci. 33(December 2018) 183-18

Antimicrobial and anticancer evaluation of a novel synthetic tetracyclic system obtained by Dimroth rearrangement

A series of pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno[2,3-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]pyrimidines were prepared via oxidative cyclization of 4-(2-arylidenehydrazinyl)pyrido [3',2':4,5]thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidines. Dimroth rearrangement of such a series yielded pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno[2,3-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines. The reaction mechanism was proposed and the products were screened for their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. From the antimicrobial screening results, it can be seen that compounds 8c, 9f and 10c showed excellent activity against gram positive bacteria while compounds 10d and 8c showed the highest activity against gram negative bacteria. The results of the anticancer activities showed that compound 9c was the most active against HepG-2 and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 1.19 and 3.46, respectively

Higher order Moreau's sweeping process: Mathematical formulation and numerical simulation

International audienceIn this paper we present an extension of Moreau's sweeping process for higher order systems. The dynamical framework is carefully introduced, qualitative, dissipativity, stability, existence, regularity and uniqueness results are given. The time-discretization of these nonsmooth systems with a time-stepping algorithm is also presented. This differential inclusion can be seen as a mathematical formulation of complementarity dynamical systems with arbitrary dimension and arbitrary relative degree between the complementary-slackness variables. Applications of such high-order sweeping processes can be found in dynamic optimization under state constraints and electrical circuits with ideal diodes