Constraints in the adoption of Indigenous farming practices

Indigenous farming is a production system, based on renewal of ecological processes and strengthening of ecological functions of farm ecosystem to produce safe, healthy and sustainable food. Indigenous agriculture is being adopted by the farmers of Kolli Hills in centre Tamil Nadu for different reasons. However, a lot of constraints prevent the farmers in adopting indigenous farming practices, that include poor yield, poor marketing facilities, higher production cost and urbanizatio

Interlinkages among Asian, European and the U.S Stock Markets: A Multivariate Cointegration Analysis

The present study attempts to investigate the dynamic interlinkages among the Asian, European and US stock markets. Daily closing prices of twelve stock indices relating to the period from 3rd January 1998 to 30th June 2010 and are used in the analysis. Both short and long run relationships are examined through Johansen-Juselius co integration and Vector Error Correction models (VECM) and Impulse Response Function (IRF). The results of the co integration test show strong co integration relationship across international stock prices indices. The results of the Vector Error Correction model reveal that the US and some of European and Asian Stock markets lead the Indian stock market. Finally, the evidence suggests that the impact of the US market on Indian stock returns is much higher than other way round

M. Mettha's contribution to Pudukavithai

The origins of Tamil Puthukavithai can be traced back to the poet Bharathiyar. It was his verse poem 'Kaatchi' that gave rise to the poetic form of "Pudukavithai". The name Pudukavithai came into vogue in the 60s. Prior to that, its’ attempt to give free form to poetic form without being bound by Yaaapu methods was called "Vasanakavithai". Vallikannan later mentions, it had to bear names like "Yaapillaa Kavithai" "Ilagu Kavithai" Kattiladanga Kavithai". Mettha’s books have attracted the hearts of the youth and have created a new record and history in book sales. Mettha's poems include politics, literature and art. His poems has good ideas. Themes of his poetry have been taken in Tamil short stories, novels and movies. M. Mettha, who combined the old and the new in metaphors has used simple rhetoric, simple style, high imagination and thus captured the people’s hearts. He wrote many good short stories that express the sense of community. In the Golden Jubilee of Aanantha Vikatan (a Tamil language weekly magazine) his historical novel ‘Chola Nila’ won the prize in the competition. Despite working as a college professor, he is constantly engaged in writing too. Mettha's poems have the pride of making thousands of young poets to follow him, his poems concentrate on tapping the senses of readers, used simple rhetoric, natural style and its charm attracts the youth

Differential cryptanalysis of substitution permutation networks and Rijndael-like ciphers

A block cipher, in general, consist of several repetitions of a round transformation. A round transformation is a weak block cipher which consists of a nonlinear substitution transformation, a linear diffusion transformation and a key mixing. Differential cryptanalysis is a well known chosen plaintext attack on block ciphers. In this project, differential cryptanalysis is performed on two kinds of block ciphers: Substitution Permutation Networks(SPN) and Rijndael-like Ciphers. In order to strengthen a block cipher against differential attack, care should be taken in the design of both substitution and diffusion components and in the choice of number of rounds. In this context, most of the researches has been focused on the design of substitution component. In this project, differential cryptanalysis is carried out on several SPNs to find the role of permutation. Differential analysis on Rijndael-like ciphers is done to find the strength of the cipher as a whole. Tools are developed to configure and to perform differential analysis on these ciphers. In the context of SPN, the importance of permutation, the effect of bad permutation, no permutation and sequentially chosen plaintext pairs are discussed. The diffusion strength of SPN and Rijndael-like ciphers are discussed and compared

Public Opinion towards Corruption

Corruption as a Phenomenon is both Universal and Historical. It is a fact of history that there existed no society in the past in which corruption was totally absent. At the same time corruption is practiced in one way or another in all the existing societies of the world. It content and character its forms and intensity, of course, may differ from society to society. Independent from the countries size, economic conditions, and political dimensions every state nowadays suffers from this phenomenon. Even the most successful developing countries have suffered from significant corruption and other governance failures during the early stages of their development. It is a various illegal activities, viz, illegal gratification, bribery, misuse of power, undue influence at election, false statement, tax evasion, favoritism, perjury, false charge of offence, etc. In this study the researcher find out the public opinion on various government departments, like RTO, Government Hospital, Taluk Office, and Municipality in Pollachi. Using the interview schedule, data were collected through convenient sampling of 80 respondents from the above departments in Pollachi. Keywords: Corruption, Public Opinion Stud

Play Songs of the Udumalai Girls

In village children play games by singing small songs. These songs are called playing songs. Childhood is the playing period. Children hate to stay still in one place. Childhood is the period where children express their thoughts and actions to others and make others happy. They play, dance and enjoy in this period. Children are very happy when they play with their friends. They sing songs and make fun. Nature gifts children with songs. These songs are short and sweet and it has beautiful meanings. But some songs are meaningless. Some songs are chained with many riddles. The article is about the playing songs sung by Udumalai children