Heterotopic heart transplantation in the rat receiving FK-506 alone or with cyclosporine.

In rats, FK significantly prolonged heterotopic heart graft survival over a wide dose range when given for 2 weeks starting on the day of the operation. Brief courses of FK for one to four days preoperatively, and especially beginning four days postoperatively, allowed long subsequent survival of heart grafts in otherwise untreated recipients. The seeming acceptance of the grafts with postoperative FK treatment was largely but not exclusively donor specific when tested eight days after the last FK dose by second grafts from the same donor v third-party donor grafts. FK in minimally therapeutic doses was synergistic with suboptimal doses of CyA

PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PADA ERA COVID-19 DENGAN BASIS POTENSI DESA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN

Abstrak: Tujuan dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini sebagai dari bentuk program pemberdayaan dalam meningkatakan pemahaman masyarakat pada dua hal yang sangat penting yaitu aspek dalam meningkatkan produksi dan aspek dalam memperluas mengenai pemasaran. Diharapkan dengan budidaya jamur tiram menjadi usaha tambahan masyarakat Desa Makartitama sebagai usaha dalam jangka panjang serta mampu mewujudkan masyarakat yang lebih mandiri serta agar masyarakat memiliki tambahan pendapatan terlebih pada saat era covid-19 seperti ini masyarakat perlu memiliki pendapatan tambahan dalam mencukupi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Metode pelaksaan yang di lakukan melalui proses dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu kegiatan penyadaran, kegiatan pelatihan, kegiatan pendampingan dan kegiatan evaluasi. Hasil dari kegiatan yang di laksanakan didapatkan bahwa antusias semangat masyarakat Desa Makartitama untuk memulai dan mengembangkan usaha budidaya jamur tiram mulai terlihat. Selain itu juga masyarakat lebih memahami bagamana cara merawat budidaya jamur tiram dengan baik agar tidak hanya sekedar menanam saja tetapi lebih memperhatikan cara merawat jamur tiram itu sendiri. Tidak hanya itu saja produktivitas hasil panen jamur tiram Desa Makartitama menjadi lebih tinggi dari periode sebelumnya. Masyarakat Makartitama juga mulai mempromosikan jamur tiram mereka keluar Desa bahkan Kecamatan mereka agar lebih terkenal lebih luas dan bisa menjadi sentral usaha budidaya jamur tiram untuk jangka waktu panjang kedepan nya.Abstract: The purpose of implementing this activity as a form of empowerment program is to increase public understanding on two very important things, namely aspects in increasing production and aspects in expanding on marketing. It is hoped that the cultivation of oyster mushrooms will become an additional effort for the people of Makatitama Village as a long-term effort and be able to create a more independent society and so that people have additional income, especially during the Covid-19 era, people need to have additional income to meet their daily needs. The implementation method is carried out through a process with several stages, namely awareness activities, training activities, mentoring activities and evaluation activities. The results of the activities carried out showed that the enthusiasm of the people of Makatitama Village to start and develop the oyster mushroom cultivation business began to be seen. In addition, the community understands better how to care for the cultivation of oyster mushrooms properly so that they are not only planted but pay more attention to how to care for the oyster mushroom itself. Not only that, the productivity of the oyster mushroom harvest in Makatitama Village is higher than the previous period. The people of Makatitama have also started to promote their oyster mushrooms outside their villages and even their sub-districts so that they are more widely known and can become the center of the oyster mushroom cultivation business for the long term in the future

Preliminary phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of they stem bark extracts of Bauhinia rufescence Lam using some selected pathogens

Bauhinia rufescens Lam (Leguminosea-Caesalpinoideae) stem bark was extracted using methanol and fractionated using ethylacetate, butanol and water. The extract and fractions were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening using standard procedures followed by antimicrobial screening using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The extract and fractions showed the presence of carbohydrate, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and steroids. The antimicrobial screening of the extract and fractions against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, using disc diffusion method at disc potency of 100μg/disc showed inhibitory activity on the test isolates with zone of inhibition ranging from 16-37mm. The methanolic and ethylacetate extracts showed the least MIC of 1.25mg/mL. The result of the study confirms the traditional use of the stem bark of B. rufescens in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. Keywords: Bauhinia rufescens, Stem bark, Phytochemical screening, Antimicrobial activit

Intubation without muscle relaxation for suspension laryngoscopy: A randomized, controlled study

Objective and Aim: The objective of the following study is to examine the effectiveness and safety of suspension laryngoscopy under intubation with propofol and remifentanil alone for vocal fold nodule (VFN) excision.Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients were equally and randomly assigned to elective VFN excision using suspension laryngoscopy under intubation with propofol and remifentanil alone (Group A) or with  supplementary cisatracurium (Group B).Results: Intubation time was significantly longer in Group A than in Group B (300.0 } 30.0 s vs. 265.2 } 38.7 s, P = 0.003). The two groups showed similar Cormack.Lehane classifications, intubation conditions and ease ofsuspension laryngoscopy. Both groups showed favorable cardiopulmonary safety profiles. Post.anesthesia recovery was significantly more rapid in Group A than in Group B, in terms of times to spontaneous breathing return (7.2 } 1.4 min vs. 10.9 } 1.6 min, P < 0.001), consciousness return (7.4 } 1.5 min vs. 12.3 } 1.8 min, P < 0.001), removal of tracheal intubation (8.1 } 1.5 min vs. 13.2 } 1.7 min, P < 0.001) and operating room discharge (12.7 } 1.4 min vs. 22.1 } 1.3 min, P < 0.001).Conclusion: Use of propofol and remifentanil alone provides favorable intubation and anesthesia conditions for suspension laryngoscopic VFN excision and accelerates post.anesthesia recovery.Key words: Endotracheal intubation, muscle relaxant, propofol,  randomized controlled study, remifentanil, suspension laryngoscopy, vocal fold nodul

Transformation design and nonlinear Hamiltonians

We study a class of nonlinear Hamiltonians, with applications in quantum optics. The interaction terms of these Hamiltonians are generated by taking a linear combination of powers of a simple `beam splitter' Hamiltonian. The entanglement properties of the eigenstates are studied. Finally, we show how to use this class of Hamiltonians to perform special tasks such as conditional state swapping, which can be used to generate optical cat states and to sort photons.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Modern Optic

On the convergence of quadrature formulas connected with multipoint Padé-type approximants

29 pages, no figures.-- MSC2000 codes: 41A55, 41A21.MR#: MR1408352 (97e:41066)Zbl#: Zbl 0856.41027^aLet $I(F)= \int^1_{- 1} F(x)\omega(x) dx$, where $\omega$ is a complex valued integrable function. We consider quadrature formulas for $I(F)$ which are exact with respect to rational functions with prescribed poles contained in \overline{\bbfC}\backslash [- 1, 1]. Their rate of convergence is studied.The research by the first three authors (P.G.-V., M.J.P., R.O.) was partially supported by the HCM project ROLLS, under Contract CHRX-CT93-0416. Research by the fourth author (G.L.L.) was carried out while on a visit at Universidad de La Laguna. This visit was made possible by a travel grant from CDE-IMU.Publicad

Integration of molecular characterization of microorganisms in a global antimicrobial resistance surveillance program

© 2001 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program has incorporated molecular strain typing and resistance genotyping as a means of providing additional information that may be useful for understanding pathogenic microorganisms worldwide. Resistance phenotypes of interest include multidrug-resistant pathogens, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Enterobacteriaceae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQR) strains of gram-negative bacilli and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Clusters of 2 isolates within a given resistance profile that are linked temporally and by hospital location are flagged for DNA fingerprinting. Further characterization of organisms with respect to resistance genotype is accomplished with use of polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. This process has been highly successful in identifying clonal spread within clusters of multiresistant pathogens. Between 50% and 90% of MRSA clusters identified by phenotypic screening contained evidence of clonal spread. Among the Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common pathogens causing clusters of infection, and 50% of recognized clusters demonstrate clonal spread. Clusters of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia have been noted with clonal spread among patients with urinary tract, respiratory, and bloodstream infections. Characterization of mutations in the FQR-determining region of phenotypically susceptible isolates of E. coli and S. pneumoniae has identified first-stage mutants among as many as 40% of isolates. The ability to characterize organisms phenotypically and genotypically is extremely powerful and provides unique information that is important in a global antimicrobial surveillance program.M. A. Pfaller, J. Acar, R. N. Jones, J. Verhoef, J. Turnidge, and H. S. Sade

Separation and recovery of organic acids from fermented kitchen waste by an integrated process

Organic acids produced from anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste were recovered using a new integrated method which consisted of freezing and thawing, centrifugation, filtration and evaporation. The main organic acid produced was lactic acid (98%). After the freezing and thawing process, 73% of the total suspended solids were removed and the organic acids were elevated from 59.0 to 70 g/L. The evaporation technique was used to further concentrate the organic acids up to 224 g/L. Using the integrated recovery method, the reduction of the total suspended solids in the solution achieved was about 93%. The material balance for the recovery process was also presented

Effects of Extraction Method on the Physicochemical and Mycological Qualities of Canarium Schweinfurthii Fruit Oil

The effects of improved method of extraction on the physicochemical, mycological and stability of crude Canarium Schweinfurthii fruit oil were studied. The extracted oils were then stored at 25±5oC for 24 months with samples analyzed at 6months interval for; pH, saponification value, acid value, peroxide value and iodine number. Similarly, enumeration and identification of fungi species was determined using standard mycological procedures. The results showed that crude Canarium Schweinfurthii fruit oil obtained by the improved method of extraction had better quality and stability parameters than the traditional method extracted oil. At 24months the oil quality values of; pH 5.20 – 6.61, Acid value 0.53 – 1.02 (mg of KOH/g), saponification value 151.30 – 179.52 (mg of OH/g), peroxide value 0.031 – 1.500 (meq 02/Kg) and iodine value 85.02 – 101.60 (gI2/100g). Comparatively, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed for pH and saponification values for the extracted oils, with values of 6.60, 178.60(mg of OH/g) and 6.62, 178.52(mg of OH/g) for traditional and improved extraction methods respectively. During storage the oils showed average fungal counts of 00.00 to 1.72 x105 and 00.00 to 8.00 x104 CFU/ml oil at 0 and 24 month for traditional and improved methods extracted oils respectively. Predominant fungal species; Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer, Sacccaromyces cerevisiae, Mucor spinosus, Penicillium patalun, Fusarium oxysprum and Candida scotti were found associated with the stored canarium oil. Generally, Mucor spinosus (80.00%), Aspergillus niger (80.00%) and Penicillium patalum (80.00%) had the highest occurrence in traditional extracted oil. This finding  suggests the need for the local processors to reevaluate the full processing method in order to retain better fungal quality and oxidative stability for Canarium schweinfurthii fruit oil.Keywords: Canarium schweinfurthii, fruit oil, Extraction, Fungal Isolates, Oxidative stabilit