Duality theorems and Kolyvagin systems for elliptic curves

After developing the theory of arithmetic duality for Galois cohomology with a particular focus on the cohomology of an elliptic curve over a local field or a number field, we use these results to define Kolyvagin systems and show how they provide bounds for the Selmer groups of the elliptic curve.ope

Persia - religion, culture and architecture

Perzijsko carstvo postojalo je u razdoblju od 6. stoljeća pr. Kr. do 7. stoljeća, a razlikuju se vladavine triju dinastija, Ahemenida, Parta i Sasanida. Carstvo je karakterizirala apsolutna moć kralja te podjela carstva na satrapije kao njegove administrativne jedinice, uz snažan utjecaj religije na politički i društveni život. Perzijska arhitektura i umjetnost poslužile su kao alati u propagandi religijskih uvjerenja, čime je jasno utvrđena povezanost religije i vlasti te kreiran jedinstveni umjetnički jezik carstva, kojim su se izražavali kulturni i politički ciljevi. Premda su u perzijskog arhitekturi i umjetnosti kombinirani elementi drugih kulturnih tradicija, Perzijsko je carstvo uspjelo stvoriti jedinstveni umjetnički izričaj, a koji je imao utjecaj na kulturu i umjetnosti kasnijih razdoblja.Persian Empire existed in a period from the 6th century B.C. until the 7th century A.D., having three ruling dynasties, the Achaemenids, the Parthians and the Sassanids. The empire was characterized by the absolute power of the king and its division on satrapies as its administrative units, with a strong influence of religion on the political and social life. Persian architecture and art were used as tools in a propaganda of religious beliefs, which stated the connection between religion and government and created a unique artistic language of the empire, used for proclaiming cultural and political aims. Although there were elements from other cultural traditions used in Persian architecture and art, Persian Empire managed to create a unique artistic expression that influenced cultures and arts of later periods

Characterising the secondary maximum in the r-band for Type Ia Supernovae: Diagnostic for the ejecta mass

An increase in the number of studied Type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) has demonstrated that this class of explosions has a greater diversity in its observables than was previously assumed. The reasons (e.g. the explosion mechanism, progenitor system) for such a diversity remain unknown. Here, we analyse a sample of $r$-band light curves of SNe~Ia, focusing on their behaviour $\sim$ 2-4 weeks after maximum light, i.e. the second maximum. We characterise the second maximum by its timing ($t_{r_2}$) and the integrated flux ($\overline{\mathcal{F}}_{r_2}$). We find that $t_{r_2}$ correlates with the "colour-stretch" parameter s$_{BV}$, which can be used as a proxy for $^{56}$Ni mass, and $\overline{\mathcal{F}}_{r_2}$, correlates with the transparency timescale, t$_0$. Using $\overline{\mathcal{F}}_{r_2}$, for a sample of 199 SNe from the Palomar Transient Factory and intermediate Palomar Transient Factory, we evaluate a distribution on t$_0$ for a sample of SNe~Ia found in an "untargeted" survey. Comparing this distribution to the predictions of t$_0$ ranges from models we find that the largest overlap in t$_0$ values between models and observations is for the sub-Chandrasekhar double detonation models. We also compare our relations between t$_0$ and $\overline{\mathcal{F}}_{r_2}$, with that from 1-D explosion models of \citet{GK18} and confirm that $\overline{\mathcal{F}}_{r_2}$, can be used as a diagnostic of the total ejecta mass.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures and 12 pages of table

Young People on the Labour Market - Vocational Training without an Employment Contract

Rad obrađuje temu nezaposlenosti mladih u Hrvatskoj te za primjer saniranja velike stope nezaposlenosti uzima državnu aktivu mjeru zapošljavanja mladih -Stručno osposobljavanje bez zasnivanja radnog odnosa. Provedeno je kvalitetno istraživanje s ciljem prikupljanja stavova i iskustva korisnika mjere za zapošljavanje mladih Stručno osposobljavanje bez zasnivanja radnog odnosa(SOR) kako bi propitali uspješnost SOR-a za rješavanje problema nezaposlenosti kod mladih. Odabrano je deset ispitanika, a u intervjuu je korišten polu-strukturirani upitnik. Istraživanjem se pokazalo da su uvjeti rada razlikuju među korisnicima SOR-a, ispitanici su zadovoljni stečenim profesionalnim iskustvom za vrijeme SOR-a, osobnim rastom te radnom identifikacijom, niski iznos mjesečne naknade od strane SOR-a otežava samostalan život te se većina ispitanika nakon izvršenog SOR-a nije zaposlila na radnom mjestu gdje je obavila SOR niti našla posao u struci na drugom radnom mjestu

Project NPA. Neurodidactics of Performing Arts: The Impact of Drama Teaching on Second Language Acquisition.

This monograph summarises the research conducted for the project NPA, which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement N. 660495. It explores the findings from cognitive neuroscience research relevant to the application of drama and performing teaching techniques in education, such as the role of perception and memory, emotions, introspection and embodiment in learning, as well as the development of motivation and aesthetic engagement, to give a neurobiological account of language learning through performative pedagogies. Process drama -a performative methodology- is described to illustrate how multi-sensory learning helps not only the process of language learning, but also creativity, innovation and intercultural communication

Performative Pedagogy and Choreography for the Classroom. A Cognitive Perspective

Adopting a cognitive perspective, this article presents how choreography is a fundamental part of teaching and why teaching can be considered a performance. It opens with a description of choreography as a cognitive process of planning and reflection about the pedagogical choices to make in the classroom, that can eventually materialise in the actual lesson. It describes the choreographic presence of the teacher, involuntary when teachers are not aware of their body language, and performative when they opt for teaching methodologies based on performance. Adopting performative choreographic techniques in the classroom sustains embodied learning at different levels, increasing multi-modal, affective and aesthetic engagement. The article provides specific examples of choreographic strategies for didactic purposes which explore cognitive and literacy processes, expression and management of emotions, and the approach to cultural and social issues

Superconductivity in CoSr2(Y1-xCax)Cu2O7+d

The roles of aliovalent Ca(II)-for-Y(III) substitution and high-pressure-oxygen annealing in the process of "superconducterizing" the Co-based layered copper oxide, CoSr2(Y1-xCax)Cu2O7+d (Co-1212), were investigated. The as-air-synthesized samples up to x = 0.4 were found essentially oxygen stoichiometric (-0.03 <= d <= 0.00). These samples, however, were not superconductive, suggesting that the holes created by the divalent-for-trivalent cation substitution are trapped on Co in the charge reservoir. Ultra-high-pressure heat treatment carried out at 5 GPa and 500C for 30 min in the presence of Ag2O2 as an excess oxygen source induced bulk superconductivity in these samples. The highest Tc was obtained for the high-oxygen-pressure treated x = 0.3 sample at ~40 K.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Solid State Communication

On the brass- and silver-colored forms of PTGA{sub 2}

PtGa[sub 2] has previously been reported to exist as both a brass-colored, fluorite-structured phase and as a silver-colored alloy of unknown crystal structure. The crystal structure of the silver- colored form is reported here, along with a discussion of the stoichiometric factors responsible for the polymorphy of this phase. The silver- colored form belongs to the space group I4[SUB 1]/acd, with the lattice parameters a = 8.5544(4) and c = 21.574(17) Angstroms, and Z = 32. The structure consists of layers of Pt and Ga stacked along the c axis, in which two crystallographically different Pt and Ga atoms have similar environments involving eight and nine nearest neighbors, respectively. This structural arrangement may be the prototype for a family of ternary platinum metal-Group B-based phases. The present investigation also necessitates changes in the currently accepted Ga- Pt phase diagram. Stoichiometric PtGa[sub 2] undergoes a structural transformation upon cooling from a brass-colored fluorite structure to this silver-colored, tetragonal structure. However, the transformation is inhibited if the composition of the fluorite- structured phase is Ga-poor

Stratification of canopy magnetic fields in a plage region. Constraints from a spatially-regularized weak-field approximation method

The role of magnetic fields in the chromospheric heating problem remains greatly unconstrained. Most theoretical predictions from numerical models rely on a magnetic configuration, field strength and connectivity whose details have not been well established with observational studies. High-resolution studies of chromospheric magnetic fields in plage are very scarce or non-existent in general. Our aim is to study the stratification of the magnetic field vector in plage regions. We use high-spatial resolution full-Stokes observations acquired with CRISP instrument at the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope in the Mg I $\lambda$5173, Na I $\lambda$5896 and Ca II $\lambda$8542 lines. We have developed a spatially-regularized weak-field approximation (WFA) method based on the idea of spatial regularization. This method allows for a fast computation of magnetic field maps for an extended field of view. The fidelity of this new technique has been assessed using a snapshot from a realistic 3D magnetohydrodynamics simulation. We have derived the depth-stratification of the line-of-sight component of the magnetic field from the photosphere to the chromosphere in a plage region. The magnetic fields are concentrated in the intergranular lanes in the photosphere and expand horizontally toward the chromosphere, filling all the space and forming a canopy. Our results suggest that the lower boundary of this canopy must be located around 400-600 km from the photosphere. The mean canopy total magnetic field strength in the lower chromosphere ($z\approx760$ km) is 658 G. At $z=1160$ km we estimate $\approx 417$ G. We propose a modification to the WFA that improves its applicability to data with worse signal-to-noise ratio. These methods provide a quick and reliable way of studying multi-layer magnetic field observations without the many difficulties inherent to other inversion methods.Comment: Accepted for publication on 2020-08-2