Assessment of computer techniques for processing digital LANDSAT MSS data for lithological discrimination of Serra do Ramalho, State of Bahia

Enhancement techniques and thematic classifications were applied to the metasediments of Bambui Super Group (Upper Proterozoic) in the Region of Serra do Ramalho, SW of the state of Bahia. Linear contrast stretch, band-ratios with contrast stretch, and color-composites allow lithological discriminations. The effects of human activities and of vegetation cover mask and limit, in several ways, the lithological discrimination with digital MSS data. Principal component images and color composite of linear contrast stretch of these products, show lithological discrimination through tonal gradations. This set of products allows the delineations of several metasedimentary sequences to a level superior to reconnaissance mapping. Supervised (maximum likelihood classifier) and nonsupervised (K-Means classifier) classification of the limestone sequence, host to fluorite mineralization show satisfactory results

Poliploidia em seringueira: III - Estudo comparativo entre clones diplóides e novos poliplóides putativos em condições de jardim clonal.

Foram avaliadas a produção de borracha e o vigor das plantas em clones putativos de Hevea brasiliensis (Fx 3864 pl e Fx 985 pl)

Physico-chemical spectroscopic mapping of the planetary nebula NGC 40 and the 2D_NEB, a new 2D algorithm to study ionised nebulae

In this paper we present an analysis of the physical and chemical conditions of the planetary nebula NGC 40 through spatially-resolved spectroscopic maps. We also introduce a new algorithm --2D_NEB-- based on the well-established IRAF nebular package, which was developed to enable the use of the spectroscopic maps to easily estimate the astrophysical quantities of ionised nebulae. The 2D_NEB was benchmarked, and we clearly show that it works properly, since it compares nicely with the IRAF nebular software. Using this software, we derive the maps of several physical parameters of NGC 40. From these maps, we conclude that Te[NII] shows only a slight temperature variation from region to region, with its values constrained between ~8,000 K and ~9,500 K. Electron densities, on the other hand, have a much more prominent spatial variation, as Ne[SII] values vary from ~1,000 cm^(-3) to ~3,000 cm^(-3). Maps of the chemical abundances also show significant variations. From the big picture of our work, we strongly suggest that analysis with spatial resolution be mandatory for more complete study of the physical and chemical properties of planetary nebulae.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables; Accepted for publication in MNRA

Avaliação de genótipos de girassol em safrinha no cerrado do Distrito Federal em 2011 em ensaio de segundo ano.

O experimento foi instalado na Embrapa Cerrados e avaliou o comportamento de 10 genótipos de girassol em safrinha, em ensaio de segundo ano. Foram avaliados: rendimento de grãos, altura de plantas, número de plantas quebradas, peso de mil aquênios e dias para floração plena no período de 16/02/2011 a 15/06/2011. O rendimento médio ficou em 2.912,60 kg.ha-1e o rendimento máximo foi apresentado pelo genótipo BRS G 29 (3.410,29 kg.ha ). A altura média das plantas foi de 169,75 cm, o peso médio de mil aquênios foi de 52,8 g e o número médio de dias para floração foi de 62. As condições ambientais expressas pela safrinha no Cerrado do Distrito Federal em 2011 colocam o girassol como uma opção de cultivo no sistema de produção agrícola dessa região. EVALUATION SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES ON OUT OF SEASON CROP AT DISTRITO FEDERAL SAVANNA IN 2011 IN SECOND YEAR TEST. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Cerrados and were evaluated the behaviors of 10 sunflower genotypes in off-season, in second year test. Were evaluated: yield, plants height, number of broken plants, weight of a thousand seeds and days to complete flowering between February 16thand June 15th. The average grain yield was 2.912,60 kg.ha and the highest yield was presented by BRS G 29 (3.410,29 kg.ha-1). The mean value for plants height was 169,75 cm. The average weight of a thousand seeds and number of days to complete flowering were 52,8 g and 62 days, respectively. Environmental conditions expressed in offseason period at Distrito Federal savanna in 2011 puts sunflower as an option in agricultural production system in this region

Hydrogeophysics and remote sensing for the design of hydrogeological conceptual models in hard rocks - Sardón catchment (Spain)

Hard rock aquifers are highly heterogeneous and hydrogeologically complex. To contribute to the design of hydrogeological conceptual models of hard rock aquifers, we propose a multi-techniques methodology based on a downward approach that combines remote sensing (RS), non-invasive hydrogeophysics and hydrogeological field data acquisition. The proposed methodology is particularly suitable for data scarce areas. It was applied in the pilot research area of Sardón catchment (80 km2) located west of Salamanca (Spain). The area was selected because of hard-rock hydrogeology, semi-arid climate and scarcity of groundwater resources. The proposed methodology consisted of three main steps. First, we detected the main hydrogeological features at the catchment scale by processing: (i) a high resolution digital terrain model to map lineaments and to outline fault zones; and (ii) high-resolution, multispectral satellite QuickBird and WorldView-2 images to map the outcropping granite. Second, we characterized at the local scale the hydrogeological features identified at step one with: i) ground penetrating radar (GPR) to assess groundwater table depth complementing the available monitoring network data; ii) 2D electric resistivity tomography (ERT) and frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) to retrieve the hydrostratigraphy along selected survey transects; iii) magnetic resonance soundings (MRS) to retrieve the hydrostratigraphy and aquifer parameters at the selected survey sites. In the third step, we drilled 5 boreholes (25 to 48 m deep) and performed slug tests to verify the hydrogeophysical interpretation and to calibrate the MRS parameters. Finally, we compiled and integrated all acquired data to define the geometry and parameters of the Sardón aquifer at the catchment scale. In line with a general conceptual model of hard rock aquifers, we identified two main hydrostratigraphic layers: a saprolite layer and a fissured layer. Both layers were intersected and drained by fault zones that control the hydrogeology of the catchment. The spatial discontinuities of the saprolite layer were well defined by RS techniques while subsurface geometry and aquifer parameters by hydrogeophysics. The GPR method was able to detect shallow water table at depth between 1 and 3 m b.g.s. The hydrostratigraphy and parameterization of the fissured layer remained uncertain because ERT and FDEM geophysical methods were quantitatively not conclusive while MRS detectability was restricted by low volumetric water content. The proposed multi-technique methodology integrating cost efficient RS, hydrogeophysics and hydrogeological field investigations allowed us to characterize geometrically and parametrically the Sardón hard rock aquifer system, facilitating the design of hydrogeological conceptual model of the area

Comportamento de genótipos de girassol em safrinha no cerrado do Distrito Federal em 2011 em ensaio de primeiro ano.

Um ensaio de primeiro ano de avaliação foi conduzido na Embrapa Cerrados com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento de genótipos de girassol em safrinha, em relação às variáveis: rendimento de grãos, altura de plantas, número de plantas quebradas, peso de mil aquênios, dias para floração plena em 19 materiais genéticos no período de 16/02/2011 a 15/06/2011. O rendimento médio ficou em torno de 3.390,67 kg.ha-1e a rendimento de grãos máximo foi obtida pelo genótipo BRS G 30(5.489,67 kg.ha-1). A altura média das plantas foi de 175 cm, o peso médio de mil aquênios foi 57,03 g e o período para floração plena ficou em torno de 64 dias. As condições ambientais expressas na safrinha do Cerrado do Distrito Federal, em 2011, fazem com que o girassol seja uma opção de cultivo no sistema de produção agrícola. SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN OFF-SEASON PERIOD AT DISTRITO FEDERAL SAVANNA IN 2011 IN FIRST YEAR TEST. An experiment of the first year evaluation was conduced at Embrapa Cerrados with the objective of evaluate the agronomic performance of sunflower genotypes in off-season period, and were evaluated: yield, plants height, number of broken plants, weight of a thousand seeds and days to complete flowering in 19 genetic materials between February 16th and June 15th of 2011. The average grain yield was 3390.67 kg.ha-1 and the highest yield was obtained by the genotype BRS G 30 (5489.67 kg.ha-1). The average height of plants was 175 cm, the weight of a thousand seeds was 57.03 g and the number of days to complete flowering was around 64 days.The environmental conditions expressed in off-season period at Distrito Federal savanna, in 2011, makes sunflower crop as an option in agricultural production system

The CoRoT Evolution and Seismic Tools Activity: Goals and Tasks

The forthcoming data expected from space missions such as CoRoT require the capacity of the available tools to provide accurate models whose numerical precision is well above the expected observational errors. In order to secure that these tools meet the specifications, a team has been established to test and, when necessary, to improve the codes available in the community. The CoRoT evolution and seismic tool activity (ESTA) has been set up with this mission. Several groups have been involved. The present paper describes the motivation and the organisation of this activity, providing the context and the basis for the presentation of the results that have been achieved so far. This is not a finished task as future even better data will continue to demand more precise and complete tools for asteroseismology.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science, 'CoRoT ESTA' special volum

Ocorrência de insetos-praga em girassol, no estado do Pará.

Editado por Ana Claudia Barneche de Oliveira, Ana Paula Afonso Scheneid da Rosa e Márcia Vizzotto

Ultraspinning instability of rotating black holes

Rapidly rotating Myers-Perry black holes in d>5 dimensions were conjectured to be unstable by Emparan and Myers. In a previous publication, we found numerically the onset of the axisymmetric ultraspinning instability in the singly-spinning Myers-Perry black hole in d=7,8,9. This threshold signals also a bifurcation to new branches of axisymmetric solutions with pinched horizons that are conjectured to connect to the black ring, black Saturn and other families in the phase diagram of stationary solutions. We firmly establish that this instability is also present in d=6 and in d=10,11. The boundary conditions of the perturbations are discussed in detail for the first time and we prove that they preserve the angular velocity and temperature of the original Myers-Perry black hole. This property is fundamental to establish a thermodynamic necessary condition for the existence of this instability in general rotating backgrounds. We also prove a previous claim that the ultraspinning modes cannot be pure gauge modes. Finally we find new ultraspinning Gregory-Laflamme instabilities of rotating black strings and branes that appear exactly at the critical rotation predicted by the aforementioned thermodynamic criterium. The latter is a refinement of the Gubser-Mitra conjecture.Comment: 38 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl