POTENSI FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN SERNAI (WEDELIA BIFLORA) SEBAGAI ANTIPIRETIK PADA MENCIT (MUS MUSCULUS)

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui potensi fraksi etil asetat daun sernai (Wedelia biflora) sebagai antipiretik dengan menggunakan 24 ekor mencit jantan, umur 2-3 bulan dengan berat badan 20-25 gram. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan rancangan split-plot terdiri atas 6 kelompok, masing masing kelompok terdiri atas 4 ekor mencit. Kelompok 1 (P0) sebagai kontrol negatif diberi akuades, kelompok II (P1) diberi aspirin (288,56 mg/kg bb) dan kelompok III (P2) diberi parasetamol (257,8 mg/kg bb), sedangkan kelompok IV (P3), V (P4), dan VI (P5) diberi fraksi etil asetat daun sernai masing-masing konsentrasi 30, 45, dan 60 mg/kg bb. Suhu mencit diukur dengan menggunakan termometer digital. Mencit dikatakan demam setelah diinduksikan pepton 12,5%. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 30 menit selama 3 jam. Hasil analisis statistik varian (ANAVA) menunjukkan terjadinya perbedaan yang bermakna (

THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR ON PURCHASE INTEREST IN BOGASARI MARTABAK PRODUCTS IN BIMA CITY

Perkembangan bisnis UKM lama semakin menonjol akan keberagaman. Keadaan ini menimbulkan persaingan ketat antar perusahaan, sehingga perusahaan harus lebih memperhatikan lingkungan yang mempengaruhi perusahaan agar perusahaan mengetahui strategi pemasaran seperti apa dan bagaimana yang harus diterapkan dalam menghadapi persaingan dunia semakin ketat. Perusahaan harus mempunyai strategi pemasaran yang efektif dan efisien. Dalam merumuskan strategi pemasaran dibutuhkan pendekatan-pendekatan analitis dengan mengetahui kekuatan dan kelemahan serta peluang dan ancaman bagi perusahaan agar perusahaan mampu menghadapi perubahan lingkungan internal maupun eksternal

Comparative performance of optical amplifiers: Raman and EDFA

The in-line optical signal amplification is often used in optical communication systems to accomplish longer transmission distances and larger capacity. In this proposed paper, the operation of two types of optical amplifiers for 16×10 Gbps wavelength division multiplexing system had been examined by changing transmission distance from 10 to 200 km with a dispersion equals to 16.75 ps/nm/km. The analysis and design of such systems ordinarily includes many signal channels, nonlinear devices, several topologies with many noise sources, is extremely complex and effort-exhaustive. Therefore, theoretical studies with simulation CAD software of systems are become necessity to predict and optimize system performance. The comparison between EDFA and Raman has already explored by many researchers in varying ways in this work and to achieve obove objectives, the OptiSystem software was used to design the proposed fiber optic communications system and to simulate results. Performance for the present system was evaluated for parameters like bit error rate (BER), quality factor (QF), total gain with eye opening factor. It was saw that EDFA provides better results, in the maximal transmission distance 64% better than Raman amplifier, 57.5% for gain and 26.7% for maximum quality factor. As a future study a hybrid amplifier can produce better quality of amplification

High efficiency of two solar cells CIGS/CIS stacked mechanically

In our work, we have simulated and optimized solar cells based on the mechanically stacked system using the Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures (AMPS-1D) simulator in respect to overall performance. The structures of solar cells are based on the top cell Copper- Indium-Gallium- diselenide, CuIn1-xGaxSe2, referred to as CIGS, and the bottom cell Copper- Indium-Gallium, CIS. We have simulated each cell individually and extrapolated their optimal parameters (thickness, concentration of absorber). In the case of tandem, we calculated the efficiency of each cell optimized by separation of the solar spectrum in bands where the cell is sensible for the absorption. The current-matching limitation imposed by series connection reduces efficiency relative to independently-connected cells

Kajian Abu Vulkanik Gunung Kelud Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Penyusun Batako Berlubang

Abu vulkanik Gunung Kelud adalah abu yang dihasilkan oleh letusan Gunung Kelud yang kemudian terbang ke segala arah sesuai dengan arah hembusan angin. Keberadaan abu vulkanik ini dianggap sebagai limbah yang dapat mencemari lingkungan dan mengganggu masyarakat sekitar. Untuk mengatasi hal itu maka dilakukan pengkajian untuk memanfaatkan material abu vulkanik. Abu vulkanik dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pengganti pasir karena bersifat pozzolan dan dilihat dari ukuran butir yang memiliki kandungan silika yang relatif tinggi. Abu vulkanik pada penelitian ini akan digunakan sebagai pengganti sebagian pasir dalam pembuatan batako berlubang. Batako merupakan salah satu alternatif bahan dinding yang murah dan relatif kuat yang terbuat dari campuran pasir, semen dan air. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membuat benda uji batako dengan campuran pasir, semen dan abu vulkanik dengan variasi prosentasi pasir dan abu vulkanik. Kemudian dilakukan uji penyerapan air dan kuat tekan untuk mengetahui penyerapan air dan kuat tekan batako serta pengaruh dari penggunaan abu vulkanik. Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 buah benda uji dengan persentase abu vulkanik didalamnya sebesar 0%, 25% dan 50%, untuk masing-masing perlakuan dibuat 5 benda uji. Dari hasil pengujian penyerapan air dan kuat tekan didapatkan hasil bahwa abu vulkanik gunung kelud dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti sebagian pasir. Berdasarkan syarat dari SNI 03-0349, secara keseluruhan penyerapan air pada batako memenuhi standar penyerapan maksimal yaitu 25%. Untuk pengujian kuat tekan semua benda uji memenuhi SNI, komposisi abu vulkanik Gunung Kelud sebesar 0% dan 25% tergolong dalam mutu I, sedangkan komposisi abu vulkanik Gunung Kelud sebesar 50% tergolong dalam mutu III, sehingga dari penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa abu vulkanik Gunung Kelud dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan pengganti sebagian pasir pada pembuatan batako

Modelling and Optimization of GaAs used in mechanically stacked solar cells

Different approaches have been made in order to reach higher efficiencies. Concepts for multilayer solar cells have been developed. This can be realised if multiple individual single junction solar cells with different, suitably chosen band gaps are connected in series in multi-junction solar cells. In our work, we have simulated and optimized solar cells based on the system mechanically stacked using computer modelling and predict their maximum performance. The structures of solar cells are based on the single junction Si, Ge and GaAs cells. We have simulated each cell individually and extracted their optimal parameters (thickness, concentration, the recombination velocity…..), also, we calculated the efficiency of each cells optimized by separation of the solar spectrum in bands where the cell is sensible for the absorption. The optimal values of physical parameters giving the best current of short-circuit and voltages of open circuit as well high conversion efficiency have obtained for the two solar materials and tandem.Different approaches have been made in order to reach higher efficiencies. Concepts for multilayer solar cells have been developed. This can be realised if multiple individual single junction solar cells with different, suitably chosen band gaps are connected in series in multi-junction solar cells. In our work, we have simulated and optimized solar cells based on the system mechanically stacked using computer modelling and predict their maximum performance. The structures of solar cells are based on the single junction Si, Ge and GaAs cells. We have simulated each cell individually and extracted their optimal parameters (thickness, concentration, the recombination velocity…..), also, we calculated the efficiency of each cells optimized by separation of the solar spectrum in bands where the cell is sensible for the absorption. The optimal values of physical parameters giving the best current of short-circuit and voltages of open circuit as well high conversion efficiency have obtained for the two solar materials and tandem

Recurrent pregnancy loss at gynecology and obstetrical hospital in Duhok Province

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss is physically and emotionally harmful for mothers. This study aimed to find out the prevalence and associated factors of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in pregnant women in Duhok province.Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical records of the patients who had pregnancy loss and registered in Duhok Maternity Hospital were reviewed for the period of January - December 2019. Accordingly, 300 women aged 18 years and older with pregnancy loss were included in this study.Results: The prevalence of EPL was 16.3%. The study found that patients with RPL were statistically older compared to those patients without RPL, (39.27 vs. 33.24 years; P<0.001), respectively. Besides, the RPL group had a significantly higher percentage of family history of pregnancy loss (12.24% vs. 1.20%; P<0.001). The patients with RPL had significantly higher prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (14.29% vs. 3.59%; P=0.002), cervical incompetence (8.16% vs. 0.80%; P=0.002), structural abnormalities of uterus (14.29% vs. 4.8%; P=0.012), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (40.82% vs. 11.95%; P<0.001). There was no significant association of RPL with smoking (P=0.261).Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of RPL in patients with pregnancy loss. Also, the study showed that the patients in the RPL group were significantly older and had a higher prevalence of medical illnesses; including chlamydia trachomatis, cervical incompetence, structural anomalies of the uterus, and polycystic ovarian syndrome

Heavy Military Land Vehicle Mass Properties Estimation Using Hoisting and Pendulum Motion Method

Mass properties such as the centre of gravity location, moments of inertia, and total mass are of great importance for vehicle stability studies and deployment. Certain parameters are required when these vehicles need to be arranged inside an aircraft for the carrier to achieve proper mass balance and stability during a flight. These parameters are also important for the design and modelling process of vehicle rollover crash studies. In this study, the mass properties of a military armoured vehicle were estimated using hoisting and pendulum method. The gross total weight, longitudinal and vertical measurements were recorded by lifting the vehicle using a mobile crane and the data were used to estimate the centre of gravity. The frequency of vehicle oscillation was measured by applying swing motion with a small angle of the vehicle as it is suspended on air. The centre of gravity and mass moment of inertia were calculated using the vector mechanics approach. The outcomes and limitations of the approach as discussed in details

Soil Enhancement Material using Palm Oil Ashes (POA) for Grounding Purposes

In this study, we present our work on the application of palm oil ashes (POA) as backfill to be used in an earth grounding grid system. The backfill is implemented while considering certain high soil resistances in certain areas. In this project, we used POA as material as well as copper tape, aluminum tape, and galvanized steel as microgrids. The size of the microgrid is 1 square meter and is buried 1 meter into the ground. Two microgrids of each conductor type were assembled. One of the microgrids was installed with the POA as backfill and the other without backfill as a reference point. Fall-of-potential was used to measure soil resistance. The data collected show that the galvanized microgrid added with POA produced the best result with an improvement of almost 17%–23% compared with its reference point. This is followed by copper microgrid with almost 9%–13% improvement. Meanwhile, the aluminum microgrid had the worst performance with a resistance increment of just 1%–3%