Trident: A three-pronged galaxy survey. I. Lyman alpha emitting galaxies at z~2 in GOODS North

Context. Lyman alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) are used to probe the distant universe and are therefore important for galaxy evolution studies and for providing clues to the nature of the epoch of reionization, but the exact circumstances under which Lyman alpha escapes a galaxy are still not fully understood. Aims. The Trident project is designed to simultaneously examine Lyman alpha, H-alpha and Lyman Continuum emission from galaxies at redshift z~2, thus linking together these three aspects of ionising radiation in galaxies. In this paper, we outline the strategy of this project and examine the properties of LAEs in the GOODS North field. Methods. We performed a narrowband LAE survey in GOODS North using existing and two custom made filters at the Nordic Optical Telescope with MOSCA. We use complementary broad band archival data in the field to make a careful candidate selection and perform optical to near-IR SED fitting. We also estimate far-infrared luminosities by matching our candidates to detections in Spitzer/MIPS 24{\mu}m and Herschel/PACS catalogs. Results. We find a total of 25 LAE candidates, probing mainly the bright end of the LAE luminosity function with L_Ly {\alpha} ~ 1-15e42 erg/s. They display a range of masses of ~0.5-50e9 M_solar, and average ages from a few tens of Myr to 1 Gyr when assuming a constant star formation history. The majority of our candidates also show signs of recent elevated star formation. Three candidates have counterparts in the GOODS-Herschel far-IR catalogue, with luminosities consistent with ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Conclusions. The wide range of parameters derived from our SED fitting, as well as part of our sample being detected as ULIRGs, seems to indicate that at these Lyman alpha luminosities, LAEs do not necessarily have to be young dwarfs, and that a lack of dust is not required for Lyman alpha to escape.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures. Accepted version for publication in A&

Estudio comparativo entre la madera de pino y de eucalipto para diversas tipologías estructurales

El presente trabajo aborda el análisis de los datos obtenidos fruto del cálculo de diversas tipologías estructurales realizadas en madera de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. en comparación con aquellas realizadas en madera de Pinus sylvestris L. que tradicionalmente se viene empleando. Para poder extraer unas conclusiones fiables sobre la comparativa entre las especies, se han estudiado diversas tipologías estructurales diferenciándose dos grupos: cubiertas y forjados. En cuanto a cubiertas se refiere, se ha planteado el estudio de la cercha denominada “cercha de pendolón y tornapuntas”. Para ello se han propuesto distintas luces y acciones. Por otra parte las viguetas de forjado se han obtenido suponiendo diversas luces de cálculo. El estudio de aquellas piezas de carácter estructural secundario, como correas y viguetas de forjado pone de manifiesto las excelentes propiedades mecánicas de la madera de eucalipto, arrojando unos valores de sección resistente menores que los obtenidos con los sistemas estructurales homólogos realizados en madera de conífera. Para la estructura principal, el trabajo presenta las diferencias de dimensionado para los casos estudiados ya que las conclusiones se centran en la especificidad de cada caso.______________________________________The present work approaches the analysis of the obtained information fruit of the calculation of diverse structural kinds realized in wood of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. in comparison with those realized in wood of Pinus sylvestris L. that traditionally one comes using. To be able to extract a few trustworthy conclusions on the comparative one between the species, diverse structural kinds have been studied differentiating two groups: roofs and floors. As for roofs it refers, there has appeared the study of the truss. For it they have proposed different lengths and loads. On the other hand the joists of floor have been obtained supposing diverse lengths. The study of those pieces of structural secondary character as joists of floor, it puts of manifest the excellent mechanical properties of the wood of eucalyptus, throwing a few minor values of resistant section that the obtained ones with the structural systems counterparts realized in wood of coniferous. For the main frame, the work presents the differences of sizes for the studied cases since the conclusions depend on the each case

Simulación numérica mediante el método de los elementos finitos de la unión entre viguetas y vigas de eucalipto con cola de milano

La introducción del control numérico en la fabricación y talla de piezas de madera está impulsando la introducción de uniones carpinteras, permitiendo crear multitud de ensambles y uniones de diversas geometrías y diseños. Se genera, por tanto, un vacío de conocimiento en cuanto al estado tensional y de deformación de estos tipos de unión. En este trabajo se ha generado un modelo en elementos finitos con una ley constitutiva ortótropa ajustada al verdadero comportamiento de la madera de uniones generadas con el software de CAD “CADWORK” para su posterior modelización con elementos finitos. Se expondrá el comportamiento de las uniones y su estado tensional realizando propuestas sobre su dimensionado y la evaluación de su capacidad resistente teniendo en cuenta el rozamiento entre las superficies de contacto.____________________________________The introduction of the numerical control in the manufacture of pieces of wood is stimulating the introduction of timber joints, allowing to create multitude of unions of diverse geometries and designs. There’s no knowledge about tensional state and deformation of these types of joint. In this work a model has been generated with finite elements with a constitutive orthotrophy law to the real behavior of timber joints generated with CAD's software ("CADWORK") for its later modeling with finite elements. There will be exposed the behavior of joints and their tensional state realizing offers about their desing and the evaluation of their resistance capacity between contact`s surfaces

The use of carboxymethylcellulose for the tartaric stabilization of white wines, in comparison with other oenological additives

The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of two types of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), at different doses, for the prevention of tartaric precipitations in two white wines (Pinot Blanc and Chardonnay), in comparison with metatartaric acid and a commercial arabic gum. After the addition of the additives to the wines, the mini-contact test was carried out and the saturation temperature was determined by Ridomi’s method. The determination of the saturation temperature was then repeated on the same trials kept at -4 °C for 10 days. Both kinds of CMC caused a significant decrease in tartaric precipitations induced by the addition of potassium bitartrate (KHT) (mini-contact test), by limiting the growth of the added KHT crystals. Their effectiveness increased with the dose, following a hyperbolic trend. The stabilizing effect of the two kinds of CMC, particularly CMC2 (more viscous), was similar to the one of metatartaric acid. Their use must be considered complementary to the cold treatment (chillproofing).

Analysis of the stress state of a halved and tabled traditional timber scarf joint with the Finite Element Method

The purpose of this study is to determine the stress distribution in the carpentry joint of halved and tabled scarf joint with the finite element method (FEM) and its comparison with the values obtained using the theory of Strength of Materials. The stress concentration areas where analyzed and the influence of mesh refinement was studied on the results in order to determine the mesh size that provides the stress values more consistent with the theory. In areas where stress concentration is lower, different mesh sizes show similar stress values. In areas where stress concentration occurs, the same values increase considerably with the refinement of the mesh. The results show a central symmetry of the isobar lines distribution where the centre of symmetry corresponds to the geometric centre of the joint. Comparison of normal stress levels obtained by the FEM and the classical theory shows small differences, except at points of stress concentration

Livestock valuation: an assessment model based on sow age

[EN] Food supply in Europe is based on the consumption of meat ¿ of which pork is the most consumed. The livestock sector represents some 40% of total agricultural production. Livestock farms need tools for business management and valuation in order to make business productivity estimates and determine compensation, as well as calculate average and marginal costs. Pig farmers need to determine the optimal time for culling a sow: meaning that for livestock depreciation it is necessary to determine the value of sows depending on their age. In this study, a model is shown for valuing a sow according to its productive life and net present value generated. In the same way as any asset in a production process, the economic value of a sow should be estimated by its contribution to the process of generating future profits. The distribution of costs depends on the size of the farm, and so three sizes of farms are considered: fewer than 250 hybrid sows; 251 to 500 sows; and more than 500 sows. The economic values of the sows were obtained according to their age and number of farrowing. The models show variations between differently sized farms.Guaita-Pradas, I.; Pérez-Salas Sagreras, JL.; Fenollosa Ribera, ML. (2017). Livestock valuation: an assessment model based on sow age. Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola. 32(8):299-323. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/109828S29932332

Peering through the holes: the far UV color of star-forming galaxies at z~3-4 and the escaping fraction of ionizing radiation

We aim to investigate the effect of the escaping ionizing radiation on the color selection of high redshift galaxies and identify candidate Lyman continuum (LyC) emitters. The intergalactic medium prescription of Inoue et al.(2014) and galaxy synthesis models of Bruzual&Charlot (2003) have been used to properly treat the ultraviolet stellar emission, the stochasticity of the intergalactic transmission and mean free path in the ionizing regime. Color tracks are computed by turning on/off the escape fraction of ionizing radiation. At variance with recent studies, a careful treatment of IGM transmission leads to no significant effects on the high-redshift broad-band color selection. The decreasing mean free path of ionizing photons with increasing redshift further diminishes the contribution of the LyC to broad-band colors. We also demonstrate that prominent LyC sources can be selected under suitable conditions by calculating the probability of a null escaping ionizing radiation. The method is applied to a sample of galaxies extracted from the GOODS-S field. A known LyC source at z=3.795 is successfully recovered as a LyC emitter candidate and another convincing candidate at z=3.212 is reported. A detailed analysis of the two sources (including their variability and morphology) suggests a possible mixture of stellar and non-stellar (AGN) contribution in the ultraviolet. Conclusions: Classical broad-band color selection of 2.5<z<4.5 galaxies does not prevent the inclusion of LyC emitters in the selected samples. Large fesc in relatively bright galaxies (L>0.1L*) could be favored by the presence of a faint AGN not easily detected at any wavelength. A hybrid stellar and non-stellar (AGN) ionizing emission could coexist in these systems and explain the tensions found among the UV excess and the stellar population synthesis models reported in literature.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 13 pages, 7 figure

Use of polyaspartates for the tartaric stabilisation of white and red wines and side effects on wine characteristics

Aim: The stabilising efficacy against tartaric precipitations of polyaspartates-based products (PAs), in particular potassium polyaspartate (KPA), was tested with six different wines (three white and three red). Some side effects on wine characteristics (white wine colour stability, wine turbidity and filterability) were also studied. Results and conclusions: All PAs showed good stabilising efficacy against tartaric precipitations according to the cold test. With the same test, the PAs were stable in wine for 1 year of storage, which was the total duration of the study. The dose of 100 mg/L was sufficient to stabilise the tested wines. No differences in filterability were observed in comparison with MTA (metatartaric acid). The hypothesised protective effect against colour browning in white wines was not observed. Significance and impact of the study: The international wine trade requires stable wines. This paper provides information to support wineries in managing the use of KPA, as little information is available to date in the literature on this stabilising additive

Procesos de sostenibilidad en España: implicaciones territoriales y urbanas

La ocupación del suelo es una de las variables clave para medir con rigor la sostenibilidad. España tiene todavía uno de los territorios más diversos y, excepcionalmente valiosos de Europa. La calidad de vida actual y de las generaciones futuras, la utilización de los recursos naturales, la biodiversidad, y los propios sectores productivos están determinados por esta ocupación del suelo. Por todo ello, el análisis de los cambios de ocupación es clave para conocer el estado actual y las tendencias en los procesos de sostenibilidad en España. El objetivo de este artículo es describir las consecuencias sociales, económicas y ambientales de los cambios de uso del suelo en España