Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Sains Teknologi Masyarakat Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Pada Materi Archaebacteria Dan Eubacteria Serta Penerapannya Pada USAha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Masyarakat

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi archaebacteria dan eubacteria serta penerapannya pada USAha mikro kecil menengah (UMKM) masyarakat. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Oktober 2017 sampai Oktober 2018 di SMA Negeri 7 Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah true eksperimental. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas X SMA Negeri 7 Kota Tasikmalaya sebanyak 6 kelas, dengan jumlah peserta didik sebanyak 192 orang. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak dua kelas yang diambil secara cluster random yaitu kelas X MIPA 1 dan kelas X MIPA 2. Instrumen penelitian adalah tes keterampilan berpikir kritis pada materi Archaebacteria dan Eubacteria. Tes ini berupa tes uraian sebanyak 18 soal. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji t dengan taraf signifikan (α) = 5 %. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pengolahan data dan pengujian hipotesis, menunjukkan terdapat Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Sains Teknologi Masyarakat terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik pada Materi Archaebacteria dan Eubacteria di Kelas X SMA Negeri 7 Kota Tasikmalaya Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian ini kemudian diterapkan pada Masyarakat melalui pelatihan dan sosialisasi kepada Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) melalui pengolahan laktosa menjadi asam laktat dengan bantuan Lactobacillus bulgariscus dan pengolahan Nata de Coco dengan bantuan Acetobacter xylinum

Aktivitas Antivirus Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bandotan (Ageratum Conyzoides L.) Terhadap Virus Newcastle Disease Beserta Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis

Virus merupakan parasit berukuran mikroskopik, menginfeksi sel organisme biologis, dan hanya dapat bereproduksi dalam material hidup. Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.), pada umumnya digunakan untuk mengobati demam, menghilangkan pembengkakan dan sakit tenggorokan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya aktivitas antivirus dari ekstrak etanol daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap virus Newcastle Disease beserta profil kromatografi lapis tipisnya. Ektrak dibuat dengan cara maserasi menggunakan cairan penyari etanol 96 %. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in Ovo yaitu dengan mengunakan telur ayam berembrio umur 9 – 11 hari. Pengamatan penghambatan virus digunakan uji hemaglutinasi (HA). Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan Uji Anava. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun bandotan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan virus Newcastle Disease. Konsentrasi yang digunakan adalah 1, 10 dan 100g/ml, dengan hambatan tertinggi 99.480.23 % dan terendah 50.00±0 %. Aktivitas antivirus ekstrak etanol daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap virus Newcastle Disease mempunyai perbedaan yang bermakna antara ketiga konsentrasi (

Pengaruh Penerapan Media Macromedia Flash Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Makanan Pada Manusia Di SMPN 2 Manonjaya Tasikmalaya

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh macromedia flash terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Makanan pada Manusia di kelas VIII SMP N 2 Manonjaya Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode true eksperiment dengan populasi seluruh kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Manonjaya, sebanyak 5 kelas dengan jumlah siswa 148 orang. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling sebanyak 2 kelas, yaitu kelas VIII D sebagai kelas eksperimen dan VIII E sebagai kelas kontrol. Untuk mengukur hasil belajar peserta didik, digunakan instrumen berupa tes hasil belajar berjumlah 32 butir soal yang berbentuk pilihan ganda. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji t dengan α 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis didapatkan nilai t­hitung = -5,69 dan ttabel =2,04. Maka thitung terletak di daerah penolakan Ho, hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa adanya pengaruh penerapan media macromedia flash terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia di kelas VIII SMP N 2 Manonjaya Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media macromedia flash memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Makanan pada Manusia di kelas VIII SMP N 2 Manonjaya Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019

Clinical and genetic factors associated with kidney tubular dysfunction in a real-life single centre cohort of HIV-positive patients

BACKGROUND: Tenofovir (TDF) is one of the most widely used antiretroviral drug. Despite the high degree of tolerability a small percentage of patients experienced alteration in tubular function during TDF use. Intracellular TDF disposition is regulated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters and, a reduced transport activity may be implicated in accumulation of TDF into the cells. The aim of our study was to assess the major determinants of TDF associated tubular dysfunction (KTD) in a real-life setting including the usefulness of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mapping into ABCC2, ABCC4 and ABCC10 genes. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all HIV positive patients who were followed at the Infectious Diseases Unit, DIBIC Luigi Sacco, University of Milan from April 2013 to June 2016. All patients treated with TDF who underwent a genotypization for the functional variants mapping in ABCC2 rs717620 (-24 C > T), ABCC4 rs1751034 (3463 A > G) and ABCC10 rs2125739 (T > C) were evaluated. KTD was defined as the presence of urine phosphate wasting and/or proteinuria at 24 h urine analysis. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-eight patients were genotyped, of which 42 (26.6%) experienced signs of KTD. No statistical significant differences were observed among patients with or without KTD regarding age, gender, ethnicity and comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes). The percentage of patients with KTD was higher among those with "GG" genotype at rs1751034 of ABCC4 compared to patients without KTD [6 (14.3%) vs 4 (3.5%), p = 0.01]. No statistical significant differences were observed regarding the distribution of ABCC2 and ABCC10 SNPs. Carriers of "G" allele in homozygous status at rs1751034 of ABCC4 showed a significant association with KTD (Odds Ratio 4.67, 95% CI 1.25-17.46, p = 0.02) in bivariate analysis, but this association was lost in multivariable analysis. A significant association between bone diseases and KTD was observed (Odds Ratio 3.178, 95%CI 1.529-6.603, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: According to our results ABCC4 rs1751034 could be a genetic determinant of KTD; however validation studies are needed for therapy personalization. Noteworthy, a strong association between bone disease and KTD was also observed

First pilot trial of the STAR-Liege protocol for tight glycemic control in critically ill patients

peer reviewe

SPORTS LEARNING METHODS BASED ON ISLAMIC VALUES

The principles of Islam in sports play a crucial role in shaping students with strong character and integrity. This research is a literature study aimed at analyzing various relevant sources. Several Islamic values that can be applied in the world of sports include faith and devotion to Allah, discipline, hard work and perseverance, social awareness, justice, patience and inner peace, as well as humility. By applying Islamic values in sports, students can develop a healthy and positive character while contributing to the creation of a harmonious and peaceful sports environment. Additionally, Islamic values can help students overcome various challenges and obstacles during the learning process. Therefore, for Muslim students, understanding and practicing Islamic values in sports is highly important. The application of these values not only contributes to the improvement of sports learning but also strengthens personal character and deepens their Islamic faith

Systems and technologies for objective evaluation of technical skills in laparoscopic surgery

Minimally invasive surgery is a highly demanding surgical approach regarding technical requirements for the surgeon, who must be trained in order to perform a safe surgical intervention. Traditional surgical education in minimally invasive surgery is commonly based on subjective criteria to quantify and evaluate surgical abilities, which could be potentially unsafe for the patient. Authors, surgeons and associations are increasingly demanding the development of more objective assessment tools that can accredit surgeons as technically competent. This paper describes the state of the art in objective assessment methods of surgical skills. It gives an overview on assessment systems based on structured checklists and rating scales, surgical simulators, and instrument motion analysis. As a future work, an objective and automatic assessment method of surgical skills should be standardized as a means towards proficiency-based curricula for training in laparoscopic surgery and its certification

Improvement of Feeding Value of Quinoa Stalk with White Rot Fungi Treatment

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of white rot fungi treatment on feeding value of quinoa stalk. In trial 1, quinoa stalk was inoculated with Pleurotus osteratus (PO) or Pleurotus citrinopileatus (PC) at 25 °C for 90 days, and chemical composition and hardness of the stalk were measured. In trial 2, quinoa stalk was inoculated with PO, and incubated at 10 and 25 °C for 60, 90 and 120 days. After incubation, the chemical composition and hardness of the stalk were measured. In trial 1, acid detergent lignin (ADL) content in the stalk decreased in both treatments, and the ADL content was lower in PO than in PC. However, the hardness of the stalk after incubation was weaker in PC. In trials 2, ADL content and hardness of the quinoa stalk decreased under both incubation temperatures, but the decrease rates of the ADL content and the hardness were slower in the stalks incubated at 10 °C. After 120-day incubation, the ADL content was higher in the stalk incubated at 10 °C compared with the stalk incubated at 25 °C, but the hardness did not differ between the incubation temperatures. These results indicate the possibility of improving the feeding value of quinoa stalk by white rot fungi treatment under a cool climate condition such as Andean highlands

Robust PID Control Design in CPS-based Batch Distillation Column

Interconnected system between computationand physical process (Cyber-Physical Systems) has been widelyused in industrial processes. In CPS-based industrial process,sensors, controllers, and actuators are connected into acommunication network. The communication network mayintroduce delay time uncertainties due to shared resources andload traffic in the network. Furthermore, the nonlinear timevaryingcharacteristic of batch distillation column may causesanother uncertainties to take into account in control systemdesign. Parameter model and delay process uncertainty isintroduced due to linearized system approximation thatunmodeled high-frequency dynamics. The dynamicuncertainty on both I/O channel are also introduced to thesystem uncertainty. In this paper, robust PI and PID controllerusing AMIGO method with appropriate weighting function isdesigned to guarantee robust stability spesification of batchdistillation column. The impact of system uncertainties toclosed-loop system performances such as peak overshoot andintegral error is investigated. MATLAB/Simulink simulationis used to validate the methods before its implementation inCPS-based batch distillation column. Based on simulation, theproposed robust PI/PID controller can guarantee robuststability of system compared to conventional PID controller.Furthermore, the robust PI/PID controller can improve closedloopsystem performances compared to conventional PID