CMOS-3D smart imager architectures for feature detection

This paper reports a multi-layered smart image sensor architecture for feature extraction based on detection of interest points. The architecture is conceived for 3-D integrated circuit technologies consisting of two layers (tiers) plus memory. The top tier includes sensing and processing circuitry aimed to perform Gaussian filtering and generate Gaussian pyramids in fully concurrent way. The circuitry in this tier operates in mixed-signal domain. It embeds in-pixel correlated double sampling, a switched-capacitor network for Gaussian pyramid generation, analog memories and a comparator for in-pixel analog-to-digital conversion. This tier can be further split into two for improved resolution; one containing the sensors and another containing a capacitor per sensor plus the mixed-signal processing circuitry. Regarding the bottom tier, it embeds digital circuitry entitled for the calculation of Harris, Hessian, and difference-of-Gaussian detectors. The overall system can hence be configured by the user to detect interest points by using the algorithm out of these three better suited to practical applications. The paper describes the different kind of algorithms featured and the circuitry employed at top and bottom tiers. The Gaussian pyramid is implemented with a switched-capacitor network in less than 50 μs, outperforming more conventional solutions.Xunta de Galicia 10PXIB206037PRMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación TEC2009-12686, IPT-2011-1625-430000Office of Naval Research N00014111031

Feasibility of the Production of Argemone pleiacantha Ultrasound-Assisted Biodiesel for Temperate and Tropical Marginal Areas

The present work studies biofuel production using an American native species that belongs to the Argemone genus. It is considered a weed, and its presence extends from the southern United States to some areas of South America; the species Argemone pleiacantha, together with other species of the same genus, is known as “chicalote”. Oil physical and chemical properties confirm that chicalote oil is an effective raw material for biofuel production, presenting a fatty acid composition similar to that of soybean oil. A biodiesel production study was carried out using two methods of synthesis, conventional and ultrasound-assisted transesterification, employing the same molar ratio and amount of catalyst in both cases. Reaction time and supplied energy during synthesis were compared in batch mode. The results revealed that ultrasound-assisted transesterification has significant advantages over the conventional one in terms of reaction time and energy savings during chicalote oil synthesis to produce fatty acid methyl esters

Cross-industry innovation: A systematic literature review

Identificador de proyecto: UPO-1381152 (Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía) y Proyecto de I+D+i: PID2020-114751RB-100 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación)This article performs a systematic literature review of cross-industry innovation (CII), which is a specific case of open innovation (OI) that has proved to be especially relevant in a context of increasing digitalization and technological convergence. In spite of its interest, previous research on CII is disperse in studies adopting different perspectives. A bibliometric analysis and a content analysis were carried out on a sample of 45 articles about CII, published between the year 1997 and the end of 2021. We address five research questions about the conceptualization and types of CII, the main features of CII (types of innovation, industries and actors), the process of CII, its determinants and consequences, and the prevalent methodological trends. By answering our research questions, we present a comprehensive picture of the state of the art of CII and make valuable contributions. Among them, our research provides a new definition of CII and a delimitation of its types, an integration of the processes of CII described under various approaches, and a network map of the crossfertilization of knowledge among industries, showing the relationship between source and target industries. By identifying unexplored opportunities in the literature, a research agenda is proposed.Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Marketin

Evaluation of Nutritional Practices in the Critical Care Patient (The ENPIC Study): Does Nutrition Really Affect ICU Mortality?

Background & aims: The importance of artificial nutritional therapy is underrecognized, typically being considered an adjunctive rather than a primary therapy. We aimed to evaluate the influence of nutritional therapy on mortality in critically ill patients. Methods: This multicenter prospective observational study included adult patients needing artificial nutritional therapy for >48 h if they stayed in one of 38 participating intensive care units for >= 72 h between April and July 2018. Demographic data, comorbidities, diagnoses, nutritional status and therapy (type and details for <= 14 days), and outcomes were registered in a database. Confounders such as disease severity, patient type (e.g., medical, surgical or trauma), and type and duration of nutritional therapy were also included in a multivariate analysis, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were reported. Results: We included 639 patients among whom 448 (70.1%) and 191 (29.9%) received enteral and parenteral nutrition, respectively. Mortality was 25.6%, with non-survivors having the following char-acteristics: older age; more comorbidities; higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores (6.6 +/- 3.3 vs 8.4 +/- 3.7; P < 0.001); greater nutritional risk (Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill [NUTRIC] score: 3.8 +/- 2.1 vs 5.2 +/- 1.7; P < 0.001); more vasopressor requirements (70.4% vs 83.5%; P=0.001); and more renal replacement therapy (12.2% vs 23.2%; P=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that older age (HR: 1.023; 95% CI: 1.008-1.038; P=0.003), higher SOFA score (HR: 1.096; 95% CI: 1.036-1.160; P=0.001), higher NUTRIC score (HR: 1.136; 95% CI: 1.025-1.259; P=0.015), requiring parenteral nutrition after starting enteral nutrition (HR: 2.368; 95% CI: 1.168-4.798; P=0.017), and a higher mean Kcal/Kg/day intake (HR: 1.057; 95% CI: 1.015-1.101; P=0.008) were associated with mortality. By contrast, a higher mean protein intake protected against mortality (HR: 0.507; 95% CI: 0.263-0.977; P=0.042). Conclusions: Old age, higher organ failure scores, and greater nutritional risk appear to be associated with higher mortality. Patients who need parenteral nutrition after starting enteral nutrition may represent a high-risk subgroup for mortality due to illness severity and problems receiving appropriate nutritional therapy. Mean calorie and protein delivery also appeared to influence outcomes. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

In-pixel generation of gaussian pyramid images by block reusing in 3D-CMOS

Comunicación presentada al "ISCAS 2012" celebrado en Seúl (Corea del Sur) del 20 al 23 de Mayo del 2012.This paper introduces an architecture of a switched-capacitor network for Gaussian pyramid generation. Gaussian pyramids are used in modern scale- and rotation-invariant feature detectors or in visual attention. Our switched-capacitor architecture is conceived within the framework of a CMOS-3D-based vision system. As such, it is also used during the acquisition phase to perform analog storage and Correlated Double Sampling (CDS). The paper addresses mismatch, and switching errors like feedthrough and charge injection. The paper also gives an estimate of the area occupied by each pixel on the 130nm CMOS-3D technology by Tezzaron. The validity of our proposal is assessed through object detection in a scale- and rotation-invariant feature detector.This work has been funded by Xunta de Galicia (Spain) and MICINN (Spain) through projects 10PXIB206037PR and TEC2009-12686, and by ONR through Project N000141110312.Peer Reviewe

Switched-capacitor networks for scale-space generation

Trabajo presentado al 20th ECCTD celebrado en Linkoping (Suecia) del 29 al 31 de agosto de 2011.In scale-space filtering signals are represented at several scales, each conveying different details of the original signal. Every new scale is the result of a smoothing operator on a former scale. In image processing, scale-space filtering is widely used in feature extractors as the Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm. RC networks are posed as valid scale-space generators in focal-plane processing. Switched-capacitor networks are another alternative, as different topologies and switching rate offer a great flexibility. This work examines the parallel and the bilinear implementations as two different switched-capacitor network topologies for scale-space filtering. The paper assesses the validity of both topologies as scale-space generators in focal-plane processing through object detection with the SIFT algorithm.This work was supported by Xunta de Galicia and MICINN (Spain) under the contracts 10PXI206037PR and TEC2009-12686. The work of F. Pozas, R. Carmona and A. Rodríguez-Vázquez is partially supported by ONR (USA) through grant N000141110312, and MICINN (Spain) through project TEC2009-11812, that is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund.Peer Reviewe

Live Demonstration: Gaussian Pyramid Extraction with a CMOS Vision Sensor

Comunicación presentada al "ISCAS 2015" celebrado en Lisboa (Portugal) del 24 al 27 de Mayo de 2015This live demonstration showcases the Gaussian pyramid with a CMOS vision sensor. The chip features a 176 120 pixel array in standard 0.18 m CMOS technology. The sensing elements are designed as 3-Transistor Active Pixel Sensors (3T-APS) with in-pixel ADC and CDS. The Gaussian pyramid is extracted concurrently with a double-Euler switchedcapacitor network on the same substrate, giving RMSE errors below 1.2% of FSO. The chip provides a Gaussian pyramid of 3 octaves with 6 scales each with an energy cost of 26.5 nJ/px at 2.64 Mpx/s.Peer reviewe

Cross-industry innovation: A systematic literature review

This article performs a systematic literature review of cross-industry innovation (CII), which is a specific case of open innovation (OI) that has proved to be especially relevant in a context of increasing digitalization and technological convergence. In spite of its interest, previous research on CII is disperse in studies adopting different perspectives. A bibliometric analysis and a content analysis were carried out on a sample of 45 articles about CII, published between the year 1997 and the end of 2021. We address five research questions about the conceptualization and types of CII, the main features of CII (types of innovation, industries and actors), the process of CII, its determinants and consequences, and the prevalent methodological trends. By answering our research questions, we present a comprehensive picture of the state of the art of CII and make valuable contributions. Among them, our research provides a new definition of CII and a delimitation of its types, an integration of the processes of CII described under various approaches, and a network map of the cross-fertilization of knowledge among industries, showing the relationship between source and target industries. By identifying unexplored opportunities in the literature, a research agenda is proposed