Robsono klasifikacijos panaudojimas: trūkumai ir sunkumai dirbant su Robsono klasifikavimo sistema

This work is a literature review about weaknesses and difficulties when working with the Robson classification. We searched electronically in PubMed/ Medline, Access Medicine, Wiley Online Library and Cambridge journals online and summarized the critizised points mentioned by authors. Improvement strategies related to those points were also found

Kaufleute, Seefahrer und Piraten im Mittelmeerraum der Neuzeit: Entgrenzende Diaspora: verbindende Imaginationen

Straßen, dicht belebte Plätze und imposante Bauwerke: Die mediterranen Hafenstädte glichen sich in Struktur wie Farbe. Seeleute und Kaufleute, Piraten und Konsuln, Menschen aus aller Welt fanden sich auf der Suche nach Einkommen, Abenteuern oder neuen Existenzmöglichkeiten in diesen Metropolen und bestimmten ihr Gesicht. Aus einer entgrenzten räumlichen Perspektive gehen Desanka Schwara, Luise Müller, Patrick Krebs, Ivo Haag und Marcel Gosteli der Frage nach, ob diese Diasporagruppen ein gemeinsamer Habitus vereint. Was diese Zerstreuten bewegte, welche Erfahrungen sie in diesen Städten machten, wird - politische und andere herrschaftliche Grenzen ignorierend - im eng verflochtenen und verbundenen Raum zwischen Lissabon und Istanbul in den Blick genommen; so wie die Menschen der Diaspora ihrerseits diese Grenzen ignorierten. Anhand vergleichend angelegter Lokalstudien untersuchen die Autorinnen und Autoren Lebensformen und transterritoriale Strukturmerkmale (Mobilität, Kommunikation, kulturelle Codes, Kulturtransfer, Interaktionsmuster). Minderheiten (verschiedene ethnische, religiöse und soziale Gruppen) werden nicht als Gegenstand von Toleranz oder Intoleranz, sondern als aktive Bestandteile vornationaler Systeme behandelt

SARS-CoV-2 transmissions in students and teachers: seroprevalence follow-up study in a German secondary school in November and December 2020

Objective To quantify the number of undetected SARS-CoV-2 infections in educational settings.Design Serial SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study before and during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting Secondary school in Dresden, Germany.Participants Grade 8–12 students and their teachers were invited to participate in serial blood sampling and SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody assessment.Main outcome measure Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in study population.Results 247 students and 55 teachers participated in the initial study visit and 197 students and 40 teachers completed follow-up. Seroprevalence increased from 1.7% (0.3–3.3) to 6.8% (3.8–10.1) during the study period mirroring the increase of officially reported SARS-CoV-2 infections during this time. The ratio of undetected to detected SARS-CoV-2 infections ranged from 0.25 to 0.33.Conclusions We could not find evidence of relevant silent, asymptomatic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in schools neither in a low prevalence setting nor during the second wave of the pandemic, making it unlikely that educational settings play a crucial role in driving the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Trial registration number DRKS00022455

Comparison of mental health outcomes in seropositive and seronegative adolescents during the COVID19 pandemic

Post-COVID19 complications such as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) and Long-COVID19 move increasingly into focus, potentially causing more harm in young adolescents than the acute infection. To better understand the symptoms of long-term mental health outcomes in adolescents and distinguish infection-associated symptoms from pandemic-associated symptoms, we conducted a 12 question Long-COVID19 survey. Using this survey, we compared the responses on neurocognitive, general pain and mood symptoms from seropositive and seronegative adolescents in a cross-sectional study design. Since May 2020, students grade 8-12 in fourteen secondary schools in Eastern Saxony were enrolled in the SchoolCovid19 study. Serostatus was assessed regularly in all participants. In March/April 2021, 1560 students with a median age of 15 years participated at the regular study visit after re-opening of the schools in mid-March and responded to our Long-COVID19 survey as part of this visit. 1365 (88%) students were seronegative, 188 (12%) were seropositive. Each symptom asked in the Long-COVID19 survey was present in at least 35% of the students within the last seven days before the survey. With the exception of seropositive students being less sad, there was no significant difference comparing the reported symptoms between seropositive students and seronegative students. The lack of differences comparing the reported symptoms between seropositive and seronegative students suggests that Long-COVID19 might be less common than previously thought and emphasizes on the impact of pandemic-associated symptoms regarding the well-being and mental health of young adolescents.Clinical Trial Registration: SchoolCoviDD19: Prospektive Erfassung der SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivität bei Schulkindern nach Ende der unterrichtsfreien Zeit aufgrund der Corona-Schutz-Verordnung (COVID-19), DRKS00022455, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00022455

The risk of new onset heart failure associated with dopamine agonist use in Parkinson's disease

The aim of present study was to investigate the risk of heart failure associated with dopamine agonist use in patients with Parkinson's disease. The data sources of this study were four different population-based, healthcare databases in United Kingdom, Italy and Netherlands. A case control study nested within a cohort of Parkinson's disease patients who were new users of either dopamine agonist or levodopa was conducted. Incident cases of heart failure were identified and validated, using Framingham criteria. Controls were matched to cases on age, gender and database. To estimate the risk of newly diagnosed heart failure with ergot and non-ergot derived dopamine agonists, as compared to levodopa, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated through conditional logistic regression. In the cohort of 25,459 Parkinson's disease patients (11,151 new users of dopamine agonists, 14,308 new users of levodopa), 518 incident heart failure cases were identified during follow-up. Compared to levodopa, no increased risk of heart failure was found for ergot dopamine agonists (odds ratio: 1.03; 95% confidence interval: 0.69-1.55). Among non-ergot dopamine agonists, only pramipexole was associated with an increased risk of heart failure (odds ratio: 1.61; 95%confidence interval: 1.09-2.38), especially in the first three months of therapy (odds ratio: 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.74-5.39) and in patients aged 80 years and older (odds ratio: 3.30; 95% confidence interval: 1.62-7.13). The results of this study indicate that ergot dopamine agonist use in Parkinson's disease patients was not associated with an increased risk of newly diagnosed heart failure. Among non-ergot dopamine agonists, we observed a statistically significant association between pramipexole use and heart failure, especially during the first months of therapy and in very old patients