Escrever de si: autorias na escola pública periférica

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar como as práticas de leitura e de escrita em sala de aula influenciam a produção de textos autorais por adolescentes em uma escola pública periférica de Porto Alegre. A presente proposta é decorrente de questionamentos quanto ao ensino e à aprendizagem da produção escrita nas aulas de língua portuguesa, que ainda conserva o conflito entre produção textual versus redação escolar, sendo que esta última é prejudicial à constituição de autoria dos estudantes. Quanto à perspectiva teórica, assume-se uma concepção bakhtiniana de língua e busca-se pensar sobre a autoria em textos escolares tomando por base um diálogo entre teóricos da linguagem e teóricos do campo da Educação Popular. Quanto à metodologia de pesquisa, adota-se a análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1977) com caráter qualitativo desde a perspectiva de Minayo (2011). O corpus desta pesquisa se constitui de textos produzidos por mim e por meus alunos em 2018, quando fomos participantes da pesquisa de doutorado de Letícia da Silva Santos (SANTOS, 2020). Os textos consistem em produções feitas durante o ano letivo de 2018 por alunos e alunas de uma turma de nono ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública localizada na periferia urbana de Porto Alegre e de Relatos produzidos por mim à época, com registros de situações de sala de aula consideradas importantes para a análise dos textos. De um conjunto de 163 textos dos alunos, foram selecionados dezenove, a fim de ilustrar os aspectos relacionados à construção da autoria. Com a análise dos dados, buscou-se atingir os seguintes objetivos: a. identificar elementos linguísticos e contextuais que indicam autoria nos textos produzidos em sala de aula pelos estudantes; b. compreender a relação entre as temáticas escolhidas pelos estudantes e o desenvolvimento da autoria; c. analisar a interação autor-leitor durante as atividades de leitura em sala de aula; d. identificar quais ferramentas metodológicas e teóricas podem favorecer o trabalho do professor de Língua Portuguesa na orientação da escrita dos estudantes para que estes desenvolvam autoria; e.verificar as limitações do trabalho. Ao final da pesquisa, tecem-se as seguintes considerações: a. os estudantes utilizam em seus textos recursos linguísticos que revelam autoria; b. as temáticas que mais engajaram os estudantes foram aquelas relacionadas a temas geradores; c. a interação autor-leitor na leitura pública em sala de aula contribui para a construção de textos autorais; d. a Roda de Leitura é uma metodologia que propicia a identificação de temas geradores e se estabelece como esfera de atividade da qual os estudantes se mobilizam para participar, gerando múltiplas aprendizagens.This dissertation aims to analyze how reading and writing practices in the classroom influence the production of authorial texts by adolescents in a public school on the outskirts of Porto Alegre. This proposal stems from questions regarding the teaching-learning of written production in Portuguese language classes, which still maintains the conflict between textual production versus school writing, assuming that school writing is a practice that harms the construction of authorship by students. As for the theoretical perspective, a Bakhtinian conception of language is assumed and an attempt is made to think about authorship in school texts based on a dialogue between language theorists and theorists in the field of Popular Education. As for the research methodology, the content analysis proposed by Bardin (1977) is adopted with a qualitative character from the perspective of Minayo (2011). The corpus of this research consists of texts produced by me and my students in 2018, when we were participants in the doctoral research of Letícia da Silva Santos (SANTOS, 2020). The texts consist of productions made during the 2018 school year by students from a ninth grade class of Elementary School at a public school located in the urban outskirts of Porto Alegre and reports produced by me at the time, with classroom situations records considered important for the analysis of texts. From a set of 163 texts by students, nineteen were selected in order to illustrate aspects related to the construction of authorship. With the analysis of the data, we sought to achieve the following objectives: a. identify linguistic and contextual elements that indicate authorship in texts produced in the classroom by students; b. understand the relationship between the themes chosen by the students and the development of authorship; c. analyze the author-reader interaction during reading activities in the classroom; d. identify which methodological and theoretical tools can favor the work of the Portuguese language teacher in guiding students' writing so that they develop authorship; e.check the limitations of the work. At the end of the research, the following considerations are made: a. students use linguistic resources in their texts that reveal authorship; b. the themes that most engaged the students were those related to generating themes; c. the author-reader interaction in public reading in the classroom contributes to the construction of authorial texts; d. the Reading Circle is a methodology that enables the identification of generating themes and establishes itself as a sphere of activity in which students are mobilized to participate, generating multiple learnings

EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR PARA TODOS! : e as diferenças?

Neste texto, os autores apresentam e discutem conceitos produzidos sobre a educação escolar, as diferenças e os sujeitos, problematizando a influência desses discursos nas propostas de currículos, finalidades e práticas para a educação. As análises são fundamentadas em pesquisa teórico-bibliográfica realizada com a orientação de estudos pós-críticos, que permitem modos alternativos de olhar para a educação, compreendendo-a como fenômeno histórico e social produtor de práticas discursivas que circunscrevem os sujeitos, os saberes em uma ordem estabelecida, que define e marca as diferenças na relação com uma identidade requerida. Discutem a constituição do ideal de educação escolar para todas as pessoas, problematizando os discursos históricos e filosóficos sobre as finalidades da formação humana para a autonomia e cidadania. Também problematizam o conceito de diferença e de discursos que forjam essa diferença, com base no pensamento de Gilles Deleuze em diálogo com Michel Foucault. A educação escolar é posta em análise para confrontar os discursos que fundamentam seus currículos e práticas, produzindo identidades e diferenças.In this text, the authors present and discuss concepts produced about school education, differences and subjects, questioning the influence of these discourses on curriculum proposed, purposes and practices for education. The analyzes are based on theoretical-bibliographic research carried out with the guidance of post-critical studies, which allow alternative ways of looking at education, understanding it as a historical and social phenomenon that produces discursive practices that circumscribe the subjects, the knowledge in a established order, which defines and marks the differences in the relationship with a required identity. They discuss the constitution of the ideal of school education for all people, questioning the historical and philosophical discourses about the purposes of human formation for autonomy and citizenship. They also problematize the concept of difference and the discourses that forge this difference, based on the thinking of Gilles Deleuze in dialogue with Michel Foucault. School education is analyzed in order to confront the discourses discourses that support its curriculum and practices, producing identities and differences

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA APLICAÇÃO DA ENGENHARIA HUMANA COMO UMA FERRAMENTA DE PREVENÇÃO NO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO: um estudo de caso na empresa de Logística e Transporte Soares Ltda.

Resumo: A Engenharia Humana é uma forte ferramenta de prevenção da saúde do trabalhador e de otimização do processo produtivo nas organizações. Para que a empresa alcance um resultado positivo no seu processo produtivo precisa que seu trabalhador esteja saudável. O ambiente de trabalho de transporte oferece riscos ergonômicos devido a sua característica diária de movimentação, trabalho repetitivo e monótono. Este artigo demonstra dados estatísticos das principais queixas dos empregados, bem como o desenvolvimento de um plano de ação para tratamento do risco ergonômico, apresentando de forma holística como a ergonomia impacta nos indicadores de segurança, saúde e produção da empresa objeto de estudo. Palavras-chave: Ergonomia. Saúde do Trabalhador. Absenteísmo

TERAPIA COGNITIVO-COMPORTAMENTAL AUXILIA NA MANUTENÇÃO DO PESO CORPORAL REDUZIDO EM ADULTOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA

 Introdução: A redução de peso e a sua manutenção não constituem um processo fácil para indivíduos com obesidade, uma vez que são necessárias mudanças alimentares, comportamentais e cognitivas. A terapia cognitivo-comportamental parece ter contribuição significativa na participação, execução e manutenção das mudanças alimentares e comportamentais nesses indivíduos. Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia da terapia cognitivo-comportamental na manutenção do peso reduzido de adultos após tratamento da obesidade. Método: Realizou-se revisão integrativa da literatura, nos meses de novembro de 2021 a fevereiro de 2022, sem limite para data de publicação dos artigos. A pergunta norteadora do estudo foi: “A terapia cognitivo-comportamental é uma estratégia eficaz na manutenção do peso perdido por adultos em tratamento para redução do peso corporal?” Resultados: Identificou-se seis estudos considerados elegíveis, sendo o mais recente publicado em 2006 e nenhum deles realizado no Brasil. Em geral, poucos estudos apresentaram como objetivo elucidar a eficácia da terapia cognitivo-comportamental na manutenção do peso perdido de adultos, mesmo a recuperação de peso sendo o resultado a longo prazo. Conclusão: A terapia cognitivo-comportamental é uma estratégia eficaz na manutenção da perda de peso em adultos em tratamento da obesidade, porém seu efeito pode ser influenciado pelo tempo de acompanhamento e tipos de tratamentos associados

Does endodontic re-treatment in primary teeth increase the functional tooth retention? : A clinical, retrospective, university-based study

Objective: To investigate the longevity of endodontic treatments and the survival of endodontic re-treatments performed in primary teeth. Material and Methods: The sample included endodontic treatments and re-treatments conducted in anterior and posterior primary teeth without sedation or general anesthesia among children attending a university dental service. Information collected retrospectively from clinical records was used for analyzing data. The Kaplan-Meier estimator test was used to analyze the longevity and survival of endodontic treatment and re-treatments, respectively. Results: A total of 73 patients with endodontic therapy in primary teeth were included in the study, and 116 teeth were analyzed. After one year, the longevity of endodontic treatments performed on primary teeth was 65.74% with an annual failure rate (AFR) of 34.2%. From 47 endodontic treatment failures, 14 teeth (29.8%) were endodontically re-treated. When the endodontic re-treatment was considered as survival, the longevity of treatments reached 68.06% with 31.9% of AFR after one year of follow-up. There was a significant increase in functional tooth retention in those patients that received an endodontic re-treatment (p<0.001). Retreatment provided an additional mean survival time of 8.3 months. Conclusion: Endodontic treatments performed in primary teeth presented a limited longevity. Endodontic re-treatment is a more conservative alternative for endodontically treated primary teeth that have failed and significantly increase tooth retention

Xeroderma Pigmentosum: a case report with oral implications

Xeroderma Pigmentosum is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by defective DNA repair leading to clinical and cellular hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation and carcinogenic agents. Important clinical features are: intense cutaneous photosensitivity, xerosis, poikiloderma, actinic keratosis, acute burning under minimal sun exposure, erythemas, hyperpigmented lentiginous macules, and malignant lesions in sun-exposed areas, including basocellular carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. There is a great involvement of many parts of the body, especially head and neck. The oral manifestations are mainly related to the occurrence of malignant tumors in the lips, tongue and buccal mucosa. This paper reports a rare case of Xeroderma Pigmentosum in a 41-year-old male presenting mainly dermatological, neurological and ophthalmological involvement. Oral implications such as severe oral pain and mouth opening limitation were present due to perioral scars. In addition, this paper discuss some important aspects concerning the role of the dental professional management of this entity, since XP patients require constant dental care and follow-up in order to control the occurrence of new lesions on the lips or inside oral cavity

Occurrence of Gasterophilus spp. in Weanling Foals in Southern Brazil

Background: The occurrence of gastrointestinal myiasis caused by Gasterophilus spp. larvae (Diptera: Oestridae) in adult horses has been widely characterized, however data on natural infestation in young foals have been lacking. This observation may be related to the absence of conclusive diagnosis in these individuals, most likely due to logistical or financial constraints. Gastric ulceration is a problem and a significant cause of morbidity in foals, particularly during the weaning stage; therefore, gasterophilosis should be included in the differential diagnosis. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of gasterophilosis in 4- to 6-month-old weanling foals.Material, Methods &amp; Results: Seventy-one healthy weanling foals were enrolled in the study. Physical assessment blood sampling and was completed in all foals before the commencement of the experiment. Gastroscopy examinations were performed under sedation (Detomidine 0.01 - 0.02 mg/kg) with a flexible endoscope inserted through nasogastric via. The lumen of the stomach was examined in order to search for botflies’ larvae. Following gastroscopy, foals were classified into 2 groups based on the presence of Gasterophilus spp. larvae in their stomachs: 1) Infected and 2) Not Infected. Infected foals received a single dose of commercial trichlorfon and albendazole equine oral gel and were stalled for 24 h. The passed feces were thoroughly examined, searching for elimination of larvae. A Total of 64% of the foals (n=45/71) harbored Gasterophilus spp. larvae in the stomach. Mild hyperemia in the gastric mucosa was observed in the attachment sites of the parasites. Physical assessment and hematological parameters’ data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Comparison between groups for clinical signs, hematological parameters and Gasterophilus spp. infection rates were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test or Student's t-test. Statistical significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. There were no statistically significant variations in physical and hematological parameters between foals that were affected and those that were not infected. The larvae found in the feces were subjected to morphological examination, which confirmed the diagnosis of Gasterophilus intestinalis.Discussion: No systemic clinical indications compatible with Gasterophilus infestation were seen, as described in previous studies of horses infected with the parasite. No botfly eggs were observed in the hair of evaluated foals. During gastroscopy, mild hyperemic lesions in the gastric mucosa were observed in the larvae fixation sites. Although no changes in clinical or hematological parameters were noted, the confirmation of parasite presence is a cause for concern due to horses' tolerance for low infestation levels and poor diagnosis. Additionally, the presence of this myiasis in foals may be a significant stressor during the weaning period and should be included in the differential diagnosis of recurring abdominal pain. Furthermore, infected foals might be a reservoir for the parasite and, contribute to the elimination and spread of the larvae in the environment. Thus, inclusion of young horses in deworming protocols targeted to botfly larvae is needed. This is the first report of Gasterophilus intestinalis myiasis in foals in Brazil. Further research is necessary to fully understand the epidemiology and prevalence of this condition in young horses in Brazil, based on the findings of this study. Keywords: Gasterophilus intestinalis, cavity myiasis, gastroscopy, Oestridae

Psychometric evaluation of the Tripartite Influence Scale

The objective of the present study was the psychometric evaluation of the Tripartite Influence Scale (TIS) among Brazilian youths of both sexes. The sample consisted of 475 undergraduate students aged between 18 and 29 years old (M = 20.8, SD = 2.0). We evaluated the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), convergent validity (correlation between the scores of the TIS and measures of body satisfaction), reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and reproducibility (test-retest). The instrument presented factorial structure composed of three factors replicating the original scale factors, significant negative correlation for measures of body satisfaction (> -.21, p -0,21, p < 0,001) e não demonstrou diferença entre os escores no teste-reteste. A EITF confirmou suas propriedades psicométricas, sendo indicada sua utilização para jovens.Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade de São PauloUNIFESPSciEL

Efficacy of single-dose cholecalciferol in the blood pressure of patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension and hypovitaminoses D

Observational and experimental data reinforce the concept that vitamin D is associated with the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. We investigated the efect of a single dose of 100,000 IU of cholecalciferol, in ofce blood pressure (BP), and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and hypovitaminosis D. Fortythree patients were randomized to a placebo or cholecalciferol group. BP was assessed by ofce measurements and 24-h ABPM, before and after intervention. At week 8, a greater decrease in median ABPM values was observed in cholecalciferol supplementation than in the placebo group for systolic 24-h (− 7.5 vs. − 1; P= 0.02), systolic daytime (− 7 vs. − 1; P= 0.007), systolic nighttime (− 7.0 vs. 3; P= 0.009), diastolic 24-h (− 3.5 vs. − 1; P= 0.037), and daytime DBP (− 5 vs. 0; P= 0.01). Ofce DBP was also reduced after vitamin D supplementation. A single dose of vitamin D3 improves BP in patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and vitamin D insufciency, regardless of vitamin D normalization. Vitamin D supplementation could be a valuable tool to treat patients with type 2 DM, hypertension, and hypovitaminosis D