Incidence and factors associated with pericardial effusion after cardiac valve surgery

Introduction: Pericardial effusion (PE) is a postoperative complication of cardiac valve surgery, related to early hospital readmissions and death. We aimed to describe its incidence and to identify predictive factors of moderate-to-severe PE in a contemporary cohort. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all consecutive patients submitted to cardiac valve surgery in a tertiary teaching hospital from January 2012 to July 2014, where echocardiography was routinely performed before patient discharge. Moderate-to-severe PE was defined as ≥ 10 mm of thickness, or signs of cardiac tamponade on echocardiography. Additional clinical and perioperative data were extracted from medical records using a standardized protocol. Results: Of 353 patients, 335 underwent a predischarge echocardiography. From these, 27 patients (8%; mean age: 62 years; standard deviation 12 years; 70% male) had moderate-to-severe PE. These patients had a higher prevalence of previous stroke (22% vs. 8%; p = 0.009) and oral anticoagulation (international normalized ratio > 2) prior to the surgery (11 vs. 2%; P = 0.002). In patients with moderate-to-severe PE, surgeries had longer ischemia (p < 0.001) and cardiopulmonary bypass (p < 0.001) times, and the prevalence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was higher (56% vs. 32%; p = 0.011) than in patients with absent or small PE. Hospital mortality was also higher (15% vs. 3%; p = 0.002) in patients with moderate-to-severe PE. Conclusions: Eight percent of patients submitted to cardiac valve surgery developed moderate-to-severe PE. Moreover, PE was associated with pre- and post-surgery conditions likely related to the coagulation state, though a cause-effect relationship could not be inferred. Noteworthy, this condition was associated with higher in-hospital morbidity and mortality.Keywords: Adult; pericardium; postoperative car

Complicações da diabetes mellitus tipo II em paciente idosa: um relato de caso

RESUMO: A notável incidência e prevalência da Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 em idosos demostra a importância da análise de sua evolução, consequências, tratamentos e intervenções. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar o caso de uma idosa portadora de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 e as complicações que compunham o caso. O estudo foi elaborado a partir da análise e levantamento de dados do prontuário médico da paciente. As complicações relacionadas foram retinopatia e neuropatia diabética. Conclui-se que as referidas complicações estão em consonância com a literatura.Palavras-chave:Diabetes. Idoso. Retinopatia Diabética. Neuropatia Diabética. Complicações.

UMP-JAS anjur rakan alam sekitar tingkat kesedaran

Kuantan 5 Jun - Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) dan Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS) negeri menganjurkan prohram Rakan Alam Sekitar (RAS) bertujuan meningkatkan kesedaran anggota masyarakat terhadap aktiviti pemuliharaan alam sekitar yang berlangsung di sini baru-baru ini

Incidence and factors associated with pericardial effusion after cardiac valve surgery

Introduction: Pericardial effusion (PE) is a postoperative complication of cardiac valve surgery, related to early hospital readmissions and death. We aimed to describe its incidence and to identify predictive factors of moderate-to-severe PE in a contemporary cohort. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all consecutive patients submitted to cardiac valve surgery in a tertiary teaching hospital from January 2012 to July 2014, where echocardiography was routinely performed before patient discharge. Moderate-to-severe PE was defined as ≥ 10 mm of thickness, or signs of cardiac tamponade on echocardiography. Additional clinical and perioperative data were extracted from medical records using a standardized protocol. Results: Of 353 patients, 335 underwent a predischarge echocardiography. From these, 27 patients (8%; mean age: 62 years; standard deviation 12 years; 70% male) had moderate-to-severe PE. These patients had a higher prevalence of previous stroke (22% vs. 8%; p = 0.009) and oral anticoagulation (international normalized ratio > 2) prior to the surgery (11 vs. 2%; P = 0.002). In patients with moderate-to-severe PE, surgeries had longer ischemia (p < 0.001) and cardiopulmonary bypass (p < 0.001) times, and the prevalence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was higher (56% vs. 32%; p = 0.011) than in patients with absent or small PE. Hospital mortality was also higher (15% vs. 3%; p = 0.002) in patients with moderate-to-severe PE. Conclusions: Eight percent of patients submitted to cardiac valve surgery developed moderate-to-severe PE. Moreover, PE was associated with pre- and post-surgery conditions likely related to the coagulation state, though a cause-effect relationship could not be inferred. Noteworthy, this condition was associated with higher in-hospital morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Adult; pericardium; postoperative car

Incidence and factors associated with pericardial effusion after cardiac valve surgery

Introduction: Pericardial effusion (PE) is a postoperative complication of cardiac valve surgery, related to early hospital readmissions and death. We aimed to describe its incidence and to identify predictive factors of moderate-to-severe PE in a contemporary cohort. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all consecutive patients submitted to cardiac valve surgery in a tertiary teaching hospital from January 2012 to July 2014, where echocardiography was routinely performed before patient discharge. Moderate-to-severe PE was defined as ≥ 10 mm of thickness, or signs of cardiac tamponade on echocardiography. Additional clinical and perioperative data were extracted from medical records using a standardized protocol. Results: Of 353 patients, 335 underwent a predischarge echocardiography. From these, 27 patients (8%; mean age: 62 years; standard deviation 12 years; 70% male) had moderate-to-severe PE. These patients had a higher prevalence of previous stroke (22% vs. 8%; p = 0.009) and oral anticoagulation (international normalized ratio > 2) prior to the surgery (11 vs. 2%; P = 0.002). In patients with moderate-to-severe PE, surgeries had longer ischemia (p < 0.001) and cardiopulmonary bypass (p < 0.001) times, and the prevalence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was higher (56% vs. 32%; p = 0.011) than in patients with absent or small PE. Hospital mortality was also higher (15% vs. 3%; p = 0.002) in patients with moderate-to-severe PE. Conclusions: Eight percent of patients submitted to cardiac valve surgery developed moderate-to-severe PE. Moreover, PE was associated with pre- and post-surgery conditions likely related to the coagulation state, though a cause-effect relationship could not be inferred. Noteworthy, this condition was associated with higher in-hospital morbidity and mortality

TNF-TNFR1 signaling enhances the protection against Neospora caninum infection

Neospora caninum is a protozoan associated with abortions in ruminants and neuromuscular disease in dogs. Classically, the immune response against apicomplexan parasites is characterized by the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF. TNF is mainly produced during the acute phases of the infections and binds to TNF receptor 1 (CD120a, p55, TNFR1) activating a variety of cells, hence playing an important role in the induction of the inflammatory process against diverse pathogens. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of TNF in cellular and humoral immune responses during N. caninum infection. For this purpose, we used a mouse model of infection based on wildtype (WT) and genetically deficient C57BL/6 mice in TNFR1 (Tnfr1-/-). We observed that Tnfr1-/- mice presented higher mortality associated with inflammatory lesions and increased parasite burden in the brain after the infection with N. caninum tachyzoites. Moreover, Tnfr1-/- mice showed a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) levels in vivo. We also observed that Tnfr1-/- mice showed enhanced serum concentration of antigen-specific IgG2 subclass, while IgG1 production was significantly reduced compared to WT mice, suggesting that TNFR1 is required for regular IgG subclass production and antigen recognition. Based on our results, we conclude that the TNF-TNFR1 complex is crucial for mediating host resistance during the infection by N. caninum

Análise epidemiológica das internações por queimaduras em Alagoas (2020-2023)

Introdução: As queimaduras representam um desafio considerável para a saúde pública, destacando-se como uma das principais causas de morte entre crianças no Brasil. No entanto, a falta de dados e informações disponíveis dificulta a implementação de medidas preventivas. Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência das internações por queimaduras no Estado de Alagoas, no período de 2020 a 2023. Metodologia:&nbsp; Estudo epidemiológico descritivo retrospectivo com dados extraídos na base de dados do TABNET/DATASUS. As variáveis de interesse foram: ano de notificação, região de notificação, faixa etária, cor/raça. Resultados: Em 2023, registrou-se a maior incidência de queimaduras, atingindo 33,69%. O estudo revelou que a faixa etária mais afetada foi a de 1 a 4 anos, representando 29,30% do total. Quanto aos tipos de atendimento, predominou a modalidade de urgência, com 1.137 casos, correspondendo a 68,28% do total. Conclusão: Reconhecer os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos é crucial para desenvolver medidas de cuidado e assistência comunitária. É fundamental alertar a sociedade e as autoridades sobre a necessidade de investir em estratégias de prevenção e segurança

Síndrome de Turcot, um relato de caso: Turcot syndrome, a case report

Introdução: A síndrome da polipose intestinal associada a tumor cerebral é também conhecida como síndrome de Turcot. As manifestações intestinais nesta síndrome são idênticas àquelas encontradas na PAF, e os tumores do SNC nela descritos são frequentemente astrocitomas, glioblastomas e meduloblastomas. Apresentação do caso: paciente do sexo feminino, branca, com 16 anos de idade, que deu entrada em outubro de 1990, na Enfermaria do Serviço de Colon e Reto da Disciplina de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo do HC, FMUSP, com queixa de tumoração na região anal há dois anos, acompanhada de sangramento. Havia sido submetida a hemorroidectomia há um ano. O exame colonoscópico mostrou pólipo séssil de 2cm localizado a 10cm do ânus. Discussão: A síndrome de Turcot é uma doença hereditária rara, caracterizada pela associação de polipose adenomatosa familiar, com tumores do sistema nervoso central. Os pólipos são as neoplasias mais comuns do trato digestivo, podem ser únicos ou múltiplos, hereditários ou adquiridos. Geralmente, são assintomáticos e podem ser diagnosticados por meio da retossigmoidoscopia, enema ou colonoscopia, através de um pólipo e seu estudo histopatológico. Conclusão: A importância da identificação precoce, do acompanhamento e aconselhamento de famílias que apresentam essa síndrome é de fundamental importância para o prognóstico e tratamento das lesões, visto que as modificações e reversões das estruturas genéticas que promovem a doença em específico ainda não são passíveis de reversão

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio