Avaliação de trihalometanos no sistema de abastecimento de água em Palmas-TO

Water is a finite and irreplaceable resource in everyday life, used for various activities in our daily lives. Water, if not treated for human consumption, can be a disseminator of waterborne diseases for the population. For the disinfection of water and the elimination of pathogens, chlorine has been the most used chemical agent, due to its high efficiency and low cost. Therefore, the objective of this work was to verify the values of the chlorine and turbidity parameters, distributed in the southern region of the municipality of Palmas-Tocantins. Chlorine was quantified by the portable digital colorimeter and turbidity by the lab turbidimeter in the water sample collection site. For the quantification of trihalomethanes, gas chromatography equipment coupled with mass spectrometry (CG-EM) was used. The study showed that the chlorine and the turbidity found, are in accordance with Consolidation Ordinance No. 5, regardless of the point of collection. Regarding the quantification of trihalomethanes, methodological problems and / or low levels of these substances, they did not allow obtaining conclusive results regarding the presence or not of these compounds in the samples.A água é um recurso finito e insubstituível no dia a dia, utilizado para diversas atividades do nosso cotidiano. A água, se não tratada para o consumo humano, pode ser uma disseminadora de doenças de veiculação hídrica para a população. Para a desinfecção da água e eliminação de patógenos o cloro tem sido o agente químico mais utilizado, devido à alta eficiência e baixo custo. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi de verificar os valores dos parâmetros de cloro e turbidez, distribuídos na região sul do município de Palmas-Tocantins. O cloro foi quantificado pelo equipamento colorimetro digital portátil e a turbidez pelo equipamento turbidimetro del lab, no próprio local de coleta das amostras de água. Para a quantificação dos trihalometanos foi utilizada o equipamento de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massa (CG-EM). O estudo mostrou que o cloro e a turbidez encontrados, estão de acordo com a portaria de consolidação nº 5, independendo do ponto de coleta. Com relação a quantificação dos trihalometanos, problemas metodológicos e/ou baixos níveis dessas substâncias, não permitiram a obtenção de resultados conclusivos quanto a presença ou não desses compostos nas amostras

IMPACTOS DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA À MULHER POR PARCEIROS ÍNTIMOS FRENTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19

A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) provoca impactos na vida da mulher através de danos físico, psicológico ou sexual àqueles no relacionamento. É também considerada um problema de Saúde Pública, afetando pessoas de todas as raças, gêneros, idades, etnias e grupos socioeconômicos. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar na literatura científica os impactos da violência contra à mulher por parceiros íntimos frente a pandemia de COVID-19. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa utilizando as bases Scopus, Web of Science e PubMed com estudos publicados de 01 de Janeiro de 2020 a 31 de dezembro de 2021, com vistas a responder à questão norteadora: “Quais os impactos da violência contra à mulher ocasionados por parceiros íntimos frente a pandemia de COVID-19?” utilizando-se as palavras-chave: “Gender violence”, “Domestic violence”, “Sexual violence”, “Spouse abuse” e “COVID-19”. Do total de 21 referências, foram selecionadas 12 que abordaram os impactos da violência contra à mulher por parceiros íntimos frente a pandemia de COVID-19, estando o agravo relacionado a um problema de Saúde Pública presente em todos os estudos. Evidenciou-se que a VPI é um problema de Saúde Pública e é imprescindível a prática de estratégias que possibilitem o direcionamento para solução desse problema. Assim, faz-se necessário a realização de mais pesquisas relacionadas a este agravo, enfatizando estratégias, com vistas a auxiliar na tomada de decisões por parte de gestores

Processing and Performance of Blended Biodiesel Produced from Microalgae Pediastrum Boryanum

In this present study, biodiesel was synthesized as per ASTM method by using algae as a raw material, which in the environment is considered as being a harmful waste and of a nature that blooms in ponds, lakes and reservoirs. In order to improve fuel quality, the transesterification process was carried out in this study so as to remove fatty acids and thereafter, analyze several fuel parameters of the biodiesel were determined. The calorific value of the biodiesel and its specific gravity was 42660 kJ/kg and 0.803 g/cm3 respectively. The viscosity of the sample was found to be 1.99. The cetane number of diesel fuel ranged from 40 to 55 and for the biodiesel it was found to be 47. The flashpoint and firepoint of the sample was recorded as 80°C and 94°C respectively. The conclusion is that it is worthy to mention that this process does not require high-end technology; hence, it could be used in the energy generation process in remote areas and as an alternative resource, as well

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Proceedings Of The 23Rd Paediatric Rheumatology European Society Congress: Part Two

PubMe