Utilizações do vinte de novembro: como o dia da consciência negra é percebido em sala de aula?

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014O presente trabalho se destina a expor a atividade desenvolvida pelos bolsistas do subprojeto do PIBID de História 1 da UFPR, sob coordenação da Profa. Dra. Karina KosickiBellotti, juntamente com os professores supervisores Alisson Gonçalves e Daniel Nodari, nos colégios Manoel Ribas e Dom Pedro II, respectivamente. Tais atividades, ocorridas em Novembro de 2013, foram designadas com o objetivo de discutir a questão da identidade negra e a ocasião do dia 20 de novembro – dia da Consciência Negra.Ao longo da atividade os bolsistas puderam perceber as dificuldades de cada turma em lidar com o tema e, principalmente, as diferenças de percepção que os alunos de cada escola (que continham perfis sócio-econômicos muito diferentes) apresentaram, mostrando a importância de se problematizar historicamente alguns conceitos que fazem parte do cotidiano dos próprios alunos e que se apresentam de formas diversas na sociedad

Policy drivers behind the forest utilisation in Poland, Lithuania and Latvia

This work is a part of international research that was carried out in Latvia, Lithuania and Poland, in order to investigate policy drivers behind the harvesting level in these countries. This thesis was focused on Lithuania. However, a comparative analysis of future tendencies for possible harvesting levels in Latvia, Lithuania and Poland was done as well. First of all, it is necessary to point out the importance of a social system and social changes that are of great importance to forestry (Shanz 1999) and have a decisive impact on a harvesting level, especially when a society moves from socialist planning system to market economy. Further, the harvesting level is influenced by interests of stakeholders and their games of power in the decision making process. The interests of stakeholders are formed by ecological, economic and social factors (Krott 2005). These factors form the basis of stakeholders' knowledge that gives directions for further actions (Krott 2005). The understanding of policy drivers for the harvesting level in Lithuania is not possible without the understanding of Lithuanian stakeholders' interests and their power in the national decision-making process. For defining policy drivers in Lithuania, methodological triangulation (Denscombe 1998), combining literature and inventory data analysis with questionnaire and expert interview methods, was used. The questionnaire and expert interview methods were based on a qualitative research approach and in total thirty-five top administrators of different stakeholders, five from each stakeholder group, were interviewed. However, the questionnaire was made of qualitative, open-ended questions as well as quantitative questions. The analysis of ecological factors, such as gross annual increment, the total volume, the volume and area of mature woods, total forest area, distribution in the age classes showed, that at the end of the period 1988 – 2006, the harvesting level was higher as compared with the beginning of the same period. However, species composition did not become better, a fact, that can be illustrated by the loss of pine by 2% and increase of grey alder by 1%. Additionally, analysing forest ownership was found that forests, left for restitution, without a proper supervision, significantly decreased the harvesting level. Forest diseases, drought and beetle outbreak increased the harvesting level in 1992 – 1996, but it was done at the expense of losses in the future harvesting. Literature analysis and the opinion of interviewed experts revealed, that market demand for wood is increasing. However, as the survey and literature analysis showed, the society and forest management traditions were more favourable to a lower harvesting level. According to the respondents, the Ministry of Environment and its Department of Forests, as well as Inventory bodies are the most powerful stakeholders today. Yet, the opinion of the respondents, concerning the power of the stakeholders after 10 years, was that the power of the Ministry of Environment and its Department of Forests as well as inventory bodies will decrease, while the power of wood industry and Non-Governmental Organizations (further NGOs) will increase. This shows that in the future the process of the approval of a harvesting level will be more corporative. In addition, the dominant part of the most important stakeholders in Lithuanian forestry would like the harvesting/increment ratio to increase from 41- 80% to 61 – 100%. The main goal of the comparative part was to compare the possible future harvesting tendencies in Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. In order to achieve this goal, it was necessary to address the following issues: 1. Ecological, social and economic factors, that create the interests of various groups of stakeholders, 2. Expected harvesting level in the future, 3. The changes of different groups of stakeholders' power in the future, 4. Relations between stakeholders. When completing the second part of the study, the same methodology as in the previous part was used. The results for Latvia and Poland were taken from the theses, written in those countries, and prepared by the colleagues of the work team. After carrying out the research, the following results were obtained. According to the respondents from different countries, after 10 years power of the Ministry of Environment in Poland and Lithuania, and the Ministry of Agriculture in Latvia, as well as power of inventory bodies in all the three countries will decrease. However, power of wood industry will increase significantly in Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. In addition, according to the respondents, NGOs will become more powerful as well. The analysis of the opinions on the future harvesting /increment ratio showed that the groups of stakeholders would like the harvesting level in all countries to increase from 41 - 80% to 61 – 100%. According to the respondents, economic factors, such as the need for bio fuel as a resource of renewable energy and raw material for wood industry, as well as the importance of wood industries to national economies, will contribute to the increase of the harvesting level. Yet, ecological and social factors, according to the opinion of the respondents, will have a contrary effect. Referring to the results, presented above, the following conclusion can be made. In all countries, the harvesting level has a tendency to increase; however, in order to make more reliable predictions on the exact level of increase, some additional research is necessary. It is obvious, that the harvesting level will depend on the future development of ecological, economic and social factors as well as on power of different stakeholders. According to the respondents, the most important future factors will be: the increase of the role of wood industry, mostly by lobbing through politicians, changes in private sector, development of usage of renewable resources, possibility to import wood, labour costs and larger range of non-productive forest functions will continuously generate higher expenditures of state forests. Keeping to the rule of self-sufficiency (in Lithuania and Poland) will require more harvesting in order to cover increasing costs. Ecological requirements should become softer and more rational, and decrease in number. Among the main biological factors, that determine a future harvesting level, the enlargement of total growing stock and distribution in age classes are listed. To summarize, it is expected, that power of wood industry as well as power of protective organizations will increase in all countries in the future. However, according to the respondents, wood industry will be more powerful than NGOs

A história alternativa como fonte histórica: possibilidades das narrativas ficcionais contrafactuais na pesquisa historiográfica

O artigo pretende explorar as possibilidades do uso da história alternativa como fonte histórica por meio da compreensão dos distanciamentos e aproximações desta com a historiografia. Pouco trabalhada na disciplina histórica, a história alternativa caracteriza-se pelas obras de ficção (geralmente ficção científica) que narram eventos hipotéticos na história, construindo um presente ou um passado diferente daquele aceito enquanto fato histórico. Tal construção é elaborada a partir do pressuposto de que, em algum ponto de um passado, algum acontecimento histórico não ocorreu nessa linha temporal alternativa de forma idêntica ao que se sabe ter acontecido. Logo, ao compartilhar estruturas e ferramentas com a história, demonstram não apenas como atua o fenômeno do pensamento contrafactual na ficção, bem como são capazes de representar percepções históricas de passado, presente e futuro

Ultrasonographic characterization of lingual structures pertinent to oral, periodontal, and implant surgery

Objectives: Increased applications of ridge augmentation in the lingual posterior mandible call for an urgent need to study its anatomy. Therefore, our first aim was to validate ultrasound in measuring the mandibular lingual structures in human cadavers. Secondarily, to test its feasibility in imaging the lingual nerve in live humans. Materials and methods: Nine fresh un-embalmed fully/partially edentulous cadaver heads were utilized for aim 1. Three areas in the lingual mandible were imaged (mandibular premolar, molar, and retromolar). Immediately after, biopsies were harvested from each site. The thickness of the mucosa, mylohyoid muscle, and lingual nerve diameter was measured via ultrasound and statistically compared to histology. Similarly, the lingual nerve in live humans was also imaged. Results: None of the differences between the ultrasound and histology measurements reached statistical significance (p > .05). The mean mucosal thickness via ultrasound and histology was 1.45 ± 0.49 and 1.39 ± 0.50 mm, 5 mm lingual to the mylohyoid muscle attachment. At 10 mm beyond the attachment, the ultrasound and histologic values were 1.54 ± 0.48 and 1.37 ± 0.49, respectively. The mean muscle thickness measured via ultrasound and histology was 2.31 ± 0.56 and 2.25 ± 0.47 mm, at the 5 mm distance. At the 10 mm distance, the measurements were 2.46 ± 0.56 and 2.36 ± 0.5 mm, respectively. The mean ultrasonic lingual nerve diameter was 2.38 ± 0.44 mm, versus 2.43 ± 0.42 mm, with histology. The lingual nerve diameter on 19 live humans averaged to 2.01 ± 0.35 mm (1.4-3.1 mm). Conclusions: Within its limitations, ultrasound accurately measured mandibular lingual soft tissue structures on cadavers, and the lingual nerve on live humans.Delta Dental Foundation (PAF01878)Osteology Foundation (PAF06301)National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (1R21DE027765)Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169151/1/Barootchi et al. 2020 Ultrasound.pdfDescription of Barootchi et al. 2020 Ultrasound.pdf : Full text of published articleSEL

Экономика образования: нравственный аспект

В связи с обострением социально-экономических противоречий современного общества особую актуальность приобретают вопросы изучения нравственного аспекта экономической деятельности. В статье рассматриваются предпосылки изучения нравственных основ экономики, изучается мнение ученых-экономистов о влиянии нравственности на экономику. А также делается вывод о непосредственном участии сферы высшего образования в формировании личности, разделяющей традиционные нравственные ценности общества

Effect of different implant placement depths on crestal bone levels and soft tissue behavior: A 5â year randomized clinical trial

ObjectivesThis randomized clinical trial analyzed the longâ term (5â year) crestal bone changes and soft tissue dimensions surrounding implants with an internal tapered connection placed in the anterior mandibular region at different depths (equiâ and subcrestal).Materials and methodsEleven edentulous patients were randomly divided in a splitâ mouth design: 28 equicrestal implants (G1) and 27 subcrestal (1â 3 mm) implants (G2). Five implants were placed per patient. All implants were immediately loaded. Standardized intraoral radiographs were used to evaluate crestal bone (CB) changes. Patients were assessed immediately, 4, 8, and 60 months after implant placement. The correlation between vertical mucosal thickness (VMT) and soft tissue recession was analyzed. Subâ group analysis was also performed to evaluate the correlation between VMT and CB loss. Rankâ based ANOVA was used for comparison between groups (α = .05).ResultsFiftyâ five implants (G1 = 28 and G2 = 27) were assessed. Implant and prosthetic survival rate were 100%. Subcrestal positioning resulted in less CB loss (â 0.80 mm) when compared to equicrestal position (â 0.99 mm), although the difference was not statistically significant (p > .05). Significant CB loss was found within the G1 and G2 groups at two different measurement times (T4 and T60) (p  .05).ConclusionsThere was no statistically significant difference in CB changes between subcrestal and equicrestal implant positioning; however, subcrestal position resulted in higher bone levels. Neither mucosal recession nor vertical mucosa thickness was influenced by different implant placement depths.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154286/1/clr13569.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154286/2/clr13569_am.pd

Epidemiological and microbiological investigation of a large increase in vibriosis, northern Europe, 2018

Background: Vibriosis cases in Northern European countries and countries bordering the Baltic Sea increased during heatwaves in 2014 and 2018. Aim: We describe the epidemiology of vibriosis and the genetic diversity of Vibrio spp. isolates from Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Poland and Estonia in 2018, a year with an exceptionally warm summer. Methods: In a retrospective study, we analysed demographics, geographical distribution, seasonality, causative species and severity of non-travel-related vibriosis cases in 2018. Data sources included surveillance systems, national laboratory notification databases and/or nationwide surveys to public health microbiology laboratories. Moreover, we performed whole genome sequencing and multilocus sequence typing of available isolates from 2014 to 2018 to map their genetic diversity. Results: In 2018, we identified 445 non-travel-related vibriosis cases in the study countries, considerably more than the median of 126 cases between 2014 and 2017 (range: 87-272). The main reported mode of transmission was exposure to seawater. We observed a species-specific geographical disparity of vibriosis cases across the Nordic-Baltic region. Severe vibriosis was associated with infections caused by Vibrio vulnificus (adjOR: 17.2; 95% CI: 3.3-90.5) or Vibrio parahaemolyticus (adjOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.0-4.5), age >= 65 years (65-79 years: adjOR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.7-8.7; >= 80 years: adjOR: 15.5; 95% CI: 4.4-54.3) or acquiring infections during summer (adjOR: 5.1; 95% CI: 2.4-10.9). Although phylogenetic analysis revealed diversity between Vibrio spp. isolates, two V. vulnificus clusters were identified. Conclusion: Shared sentinel surveillance for vibriosis during summer may be valuable to monitor this emerging public health issue.Peer reviewe

Stock Versus CAD/CAM Customized Zirconia Implant Abutments - Clinical and Patient-Based Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

BackgroundSingle-tooth replacement often requires a prefabricated dental implant and a customized crown. The benefits of individualization of the abutment remain unclear.PurposeThis randomized controlled clinical trial aims to study potential benefits of individualization of zirconia implant abutments with respect to preservation of marginal bone level and several clinical and patient-based outcome measures.Material and MethodsFifty participants with a missing premolar were included and randomly assigned to standard (ZirDesign, DentsplySirona Implants, Molndal, Sweden) or computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) customized (Atlantis, DentsplySirona Implants, Molndal, Sweden) zirconia abutment therapy. Peri-implant bone level (primary outcome), Plaque-index, calculus formation, bleeding on probing, gingiva index, probing pocket depth, recession, appearance of soft tissues and patients' contentment were assessed shortly after placement and one year later.ResultsNo implants were lost and no complications related to the abutments were observed. Statistically significant differences between stock and CAD/CAM customized zirconia abutments could not be demonstrated for any of the operationalized variables.ConclusionThe use of a CAD/CAM customized zirconia abutment in single tooth replacement of a premolar is not associated with an improvement in clinical performance or patients' contentment when compared to the use of a stock zirconia abutment.</p

Intraoral versus extraoral cementation of implant-supported single crowns: clinical, biomarker, and microbiological comparisons

Objectives: Implant supported single metal-ceramic crowns cemented either extraorally or intraorally were comparatively evaluated by clinical, radiologic, biomarker, and microbiological parameters. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with bilateral single tooth gap in the maxillary posterior region received two locking-taper implants; 4.5 mm width, 8 mm length. Selection of intraoral (IOC) or extraoral cementation (EOC) using screwless titanium abutments was done randomly. Peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from the implants, adjacent teeth, and bleeding on probing, soft tissue thickness, keratinized tissue width were recorded before starting the prosthetic procedures (baseline) and 3, 6 months after implant loading. Crestal bone loss was measured on radiographs taken immediately and 6 months after cementation. Cytokine levels, amounts of bacteria were determined in PICF/GCF samples. Data were tested by appropriate statistical analyses. Results: Clinical findings were similar in the crowns cemented extraorally or intraorally at all times (P &#60; .05). PICF and GCF data were similar. At 3 month, interleukin-17E and osteoprotegerin levels were lower in the intraorally cemented crowns. Conclusion: Extraorally and intraorally cemented crowns exhibited similar crestal bone loss after loading. Higher amount of osteoprotegerin at 3 month at the EOC than the IOC sites might bode well for good osseointegration