Alocação de Recursos Públicos com Foco na Redução de Desigualdades Regionais:: estudo dos recursos do Fundo Estadual de Combate à Pobreza-FECOP aplicados nas microrregiões e regiões metropolitanas cearenses, nos anos de 2010, 2011 e 2012

This article aims to study the allocation of public resources with a focus on reducing regional inequalities , by verifying the application of the Fund to Combat Poverty - FECOP Ceará in the regions and metropolitan areas in the years 2010, 2011 and 2012 . The Constitution of the State of Ceará 1989 , as amended, in its art. 203 , § 1 . And § 3 . Thereof, inc . III , explicitly determines the allocation of public resources so quantitatively proportional to population needs with the goal of reducing inequality , and microregions of existing metropolitan areas in Ceará territorial space . The Gini index was used as a measure of the level of inequality in the allocation of public resources . The results of practical application indicated that the management of the State of Ceará promoted optimal allocation of resources FECOP , in the years 2010 , 2011 and 2012 , with a focus on reducing regional inequalities , leaving , however , the definition of the criteria in the law and parameters for this allocation , as well as the establishment of deliberative councils of each micro-region and the metropolitan area and definitions for measuring the performance of public administration as having acted or not focusing on reducing regional inequalities .O presente artigo tem por objeto de estudo a alocação de recursos públicos com foco na redução das desigualdades regionais, por meio da verificação da aplicação de recursos do Fundo de Combate à Pobreza - FECOP nas microrregiões e regiões metropolitanas cearenses, nos anos de 2010, 2011 e 2012. A Constituição do Estado do Ceará de 1989, com suas alterações, em seu art. 203, §1.º e §3.º, inc. III, determina expressamente a alocação de recursos públicos de modo quantitativamente proporcional às carências populacionais com o objetivo da redução das desigualdades das microrregiões e regiões metropolitanas existentes no espaço territorial cearense. O índice de Gini foi utilizado como medida do nível de desigualdade da alocação de recursos públicos. Os resultados dessa aplicação prática indicaram que a gestão do Estado do Ceará promoveu ótima alocação de recursos do FECOP, nos anos de 2010, 2011 e 2012, com foco na redução de desigualdades regionais, cabendo, no entanto, a definição em lei dos critérios e parâmetros para esta alocação, bem como o estabelecimento de conselhos deliberativos de cada microrregião e região metropolitana e definições acerca da mensuração da atuação da gestão pública quanto a ter agido ou não com foco na redução das desigualdades regionais

DIAGNÓSTICOS ECONÔMICO E ESTRUTURAL DA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DO BIODIESEL NO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO ESTADO DA BAHIA

Biodiesel is not an isolated business, many factors contribute to or hamper its development. For this reason, studying economic forces can mean what the interference in this business is at both local and national level. This work aimed to evaluate the economic factors focusing on macroeconomic factors of the biodiesel production chain to understand the level of competitiveness of this segment and propose strategic actions, taking into account the existing structural aspects. A qualitative and descriptive research was carried out, using the Structural Factors Method applied to the Biodiesel Production Chain (FE-CAPBIO) and thematic elements: taxation, credit, financing, inflation, exchange rate, export and import. It was observed that the macroeconomic factors negatively impact the development of the biodiesel production chain in the State of Bahia, generating opportunities losses and competitiveness. The research showed that a strategic remodeling is necessary from studies of macroeconomic and energy scenarios involving issues ranging from taxation, financing, to support to public and private sector entities.O biodiesel não é um negócio isolado, muitos fatores contribuem ou atrapalham o seu desenvolvimento. Por esse motivo, estudar as forças econômicas pode significar quais são as interferências neste negócio tanto a nível local, quanto nacional. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os fatores econômicos com foco em fatores macroeconômicos da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel para entender o nível de competitividade desse segmento e propor ações estratégicas, levando em conta os aspectos estruturais existentes. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, onde foi utilizado o Método dos Fatores Estruturantes aplicados à Cadeia Produtiva do Biodiesel (FE-CAPBIO) e elementos temáticos: tributação, crédito, financiamento, inflação, taxa de câmbio, exportação e importação. Observou-se que os fatores macroeconômicos impactam negativamente o desenvolvimento da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel no Estado da Bahia, gerando perdas de oportunidades e competitividade. A pesquisa mostrou que é necessária uma remodelagem estratégica a partir de estudos de cenários macroeconômicos e energéticos envolvendo questões que englobam desde tributação, financiamento, até apoio às entidades do setor público e privado

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Instituto Evandro Chagas: ciência e tecnologia a serviço da vigilância em saúde pública

Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Assessoria de Planejamento. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Assessoria de Planejamento. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Assessoria de Planejamento. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Assessoria de Comunicação. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Assessoria de Comunicação. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Centro Nacional de Primatas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data