UA1A Brief Historical Sketch of the Bowling Green Business University

Booklet created by J. Lewie Harman Sr. by invitation of the BGBU students. In his words: This story is neither a valedictory nor a swan song of the writer or the institution. Neither is decrepit and neither is looking backward

Effect of Nigella Sativa on IL-10 in MB Leprosy that Received MDT-WHO Therapy

Background: Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease presents a broad clinical spectrum that is correlated with the immunological response of the patient, mainly related to Th1/Th2 cells. IL-10 is a major cytokine produced by Th2 cells inhibits imunostimulatory cytokine produced by Th1 cells. Suppressive effects of IL-10 in monocytes and cytokine synthesis by Th1 cells presumably because IL-10 has a general suppressive effect on immune function. Nigella sativa has a potent potentiating effect on cellular immunity through suppression of Th2 cells and IL-10, resulting in potentiation of Th1 cells. Method: The study design is a randomized pretest and posttest controlled design involving 40 subjects of MB leprosy patients. Serum levels of IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Result: The mean decrease in serum levels of IL-10 (IL-10 delta) in the treatment group (average fell 3.12 pg/ml) is greater than the control group (average rose 0.21 pg/ml), where the difference is statistically significant (p = 0.029). Nigella sativa giving significant correlation with a decrease in IL-10 compared to the control group (p=0.044, OR: 10.23). Conclusion: supplementation of Nigella sativa 3 x 1000 mg for 2 months in patients with MB leprosy can reduce levels of IL-10, thus increasing the cellular immune response in patients with MB leprosy

Implementing Employee Wellness Programs in Human Service Agencies

In the United States, it is common for workers within human service agencies to experience feelings of being overworked and overwhelmed in the work environment. For this reason, it is valuable to study workplace perspectives within human service agencies. The aim of this study was to have a deeper understanding of the use of employee wellness programs in the workplace for human service agencies. This study surveyed employees who are in leadership positions at human service agencies located in Columbus, Ohio. The survey asked questions—based on workplace perspectives—that explored the barriers that impede the use of employee wellness programs and the facilitators of implementing wellness programs. The results suggest not enough funding available in the agency and not enough available time during office hours to implement employee wellness programs as the most common barriers in human service agencies. Employee and management interest to participate in these programs and flexibility with scheduling to create time for these programs are suggested by the results as common facilitators to successfully implementing employee wellness programs in human service agencies. Further research suggestions are provided.The Ohio State University College of Social WorkNo embargoAcademic Major: Social Wor

Comparative pathology of neurovirulent lineage 1 (NY99/385) and lineage 2 (SPU93/01) West Nile virus Infections in BALBc mice

The pathology in mice infected with neurovirulent South African lineage 2 West Nile virus (WNV) strains has not previously been described. Three- to 4-month-old male BALBc mice were infected with South African neurovirulent lineage 2 (SPU93/01) or lineage 1 (NY385/99) WNV strains and the gross and microscopic central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS pathology of both investigated and compared. Mice infected with both lineages showed similar illness, paralysis, and death from days 7 to 11 postinfection (PI). Two survivors of each lineage were euthanized on day 21 PI. WNV infection was confirmed by nested real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of tissues, mostly brain, in the majority of mice euthanized sick or that died and in 1 healthy lineage 2 survivor. Gross lesions caused by both lineages were identical and included marked gastric and proximal small intestinal fluid distension as described in a previous mouse study, but intestinal microscopic lesions differed. CNS lesions were subtle. Immunohistochemical (IHC)–positive labeling for WNV E protein was found in neurons multifocally in the brain of 3 lineage 1–infected and 3 lineage 2–infected mice from days 9 to 11 PI, 4 of these including brainstem neurons, and of cecal myenteric ganglion neurons in 1 lineage 2–infected day 8 PI mouse. Findings supported hypotheses in hamsters that gastrointestinal lesions are likely of brainstem origin. Ultrastructurally, virus-associated cytoplasmic vesicular or crystalline structures, or amorphous structures, were found to label IHC positive in control-positive avian cardiomyocytes and mouse thalamic neurons, respectively, and WNV-like 50-nm particles, which were scarce, did not label.National Research Foundation of South Africa and Pfizer Animal Health. Section of Pathology of the Department of Paraclinical Sciences of the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.http://vet.sagepub.comhb201

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU MENJAGA KEBERSIHAN GENITALIA EKSTERNA DENGAN KEJADIAN KEPUTIHAN PADA SISWI SMA NEGERI 4 SEMARANG

Background: Research shows that 75% women worldwide suffer leucorrhoeae at least once in their life. Health awareness and proper treatment are essential factors in preserving the health of reproduction system. Unfortunately, the fact shows that many young women do not have sufficient knowledge in taking care of their reproduction organs. Methods: Observational analytic research with cross sectional approach. This research recruited 64 female students at SMAN 4 Semarang from 2010 to 2011. The collected data, which was the primary data, collected by filling a questionnaire that has been tested guided. The data was analysed by using fisher exact test / Chi Square and processed with SPSS release 17.0 Results: The incidence of leucorrhoeae in SMAN 4 Semarang is very high, 96.9% of respondents experienced leucorrhoeae. Most of the students have poor knowledge of the external genital hygiene (82.8%), however good behavior of the external genital hygiene (95.3%). There is a significant relationship between knowledge of the external genital hygiene with the incidence of leucorrhoeae on students of SMAN 4 (p = 0.027). There is no relationship between the behavior of the external genital hygiene with the incidence of vaginal discharge in students on SMAN 4 (p = 1.00). Conclusion: The incidence of Leucorrhoeae is affected by insufficient knowledge and poor awareness about the hygiene of external genital

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (Carica Papaya L) 100% TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DARI PIODERMA

Background: Pioderma is a skin disease marked by pus formation by pyogenic bacteria. The main caused of pioderma is Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus β Hemolitikus. According to some researches, papaya leaf has antibakterial effect on positive and negative bacteria. Objective: The purpose of this research were to know the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L) and to know the effect of papaya leaf extract (Carica Papaya L) on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria from pioderma caused by Staphylococcus aureus Method: Preeliminary test is done to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of papaya leaf extract. Then pus from pioderma patients are swabbed, followed by gram staining. If Staphylococcus aureus is found, pus is cultured on nutrient agar, then be incubated at 37˚C for 24 hours. Then bacteria suspension are made from the agar and cultured on both agar previously added with papaya leaf extract and plain agar without papaya leaf extract as a positive control. Result: From 30 samples of positive Staphylococcus aureus, 1 sample was not found Staphylococcus aureus, while the 29 were found Staphylococcus aureus. Fischer test showed insignificant with p=1 Conclusion: There is no effect of papaya leaf extract (Carica Papaya L) 100% on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria from pioderma caused by Staphylococcus aureus