Nutritional status of children and adolescents at diagnosis of hematological and solid malignancies

Objective: To assess the nutritional status of child and adolescent patients with cancer at diagnosis. Methods: A total of 1154 patients were included and divided into two groups: solid and hematological malignancies. The parameters used for nutritional assessment were weight, height, triceps skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, body mass index and percentage weight loss. Results: At diagnosis, below adequate body mass index was observed by anthropometric analysis in 10.85% of the patients – 12.2% in the solid tumor group and 9.52% in the hematologic group. The average weight loss adjusted for a period of 7 days was −2.82% in the hematologic group and −2.9% in the solid tumor group. Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition is higher among patients with malignancies than in the general population, even though no difference was observed between the two groups.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE NO TRANSPORTE DE USUÁRIOS DA TRENSURB EM HORÁRIOS DE MAIOR FLUXO ATRAVÉS DO QFD: DESDOBRAMENTO DA FUNÇÃO QUALIDADE

A Trensurb presta um serviço único no segmento de transporte coletivo ferroviário, sendo de vital importância que este seja oferecido com efetividade e qualidade para diferenciar-se do transporte coletivo rodoviário. Este artigo, através de uma pesquisa quantitativa de satisfação, realizada em 2010, objetiva identificar e analisar como os usuários enfrentam o problema da lotação nos horários de maior fluxo e que tipo de soluções eles apontam. Verificando as suas necessidades, definimos quais especificações técnicas têm esta prestação de serviço, desdobrando, detalhando e propondo a aplicação da casa da qualidade. O foco foi dado no desdobramento da função qualidade (QFD) através da elaboração de um plano de ação para diminuir as incertezas da empresa, no que se refere aos anseios do público em relação ao serviço prestado neste horário. Para agregar às respostas destes questionamentos, foi apresentada ao presidente da empresa, o plano de ação, que atesta que as soluções propostas no trabalho vêm de encontro ao que a voz do cliente coloca como fundamental para a resolução do problema. Assim, verifica-se que a Trensurb está no caminho certo para aprimorar a qualidade dos serviços prestados e oferecer soluções de mobilidade urbana, contribuindo para a inclusão social

Erythrina velutina Willd. alkaloids : piecing biosynthesis together from transcriptome analysis and metabolite profiling of seeds and leaves

Introduction: Natural products of pharmaceutical interest often do not reach the drug market due to the associated low yields and difficult extraction. Knowledge of biosynthetic pathways is a key element in the development of biotechnological strategies for plant specialized metabolite production. Erythrina species are mainly used as central nervous system depressants in folk medicine and are important sources of bioactive tetracyclic benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), which can act on several pathology-related biological targets. Objectives: In this sense, in an unprecedented approach used with a non-model Fabaceae species grown in its unique arid natural habitat, a combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses (seeds and leaves) is presented. Methods: The Next Generation Sequencing-based transcriptome (de novo RNA sequencing) was carried out in a NextSeq 500 platform. Regarding metabolite profiling, the High-resolution Liquid Chromatography was coupled to DAD and a micrOTOF-QII mass spectrometer by using electrospray ionization (ESI) and Time of Flight (TOF) analyzer. The tandem MS/MS data were processed and analyzed through Molecular Networking approach. Results: This detailed macro and micromolecular approach applied to seeds and leaves of E. velutina revealed 42 alkaloids, several of them unique. Based on the combined evidence, 24 gene candidates were put together in a putative pathway leading to the singular alkaloid diversity of this species. Conclusion: Overall, these results could contribute by indicating potential biotechnological targets formodulation of erythrina alkaloids biosynthesis as well as improve molecular databases with omic data from a non-model medicinal plant, and reveal an interesting chemical diversity of Erythrina BIA harvested in Caatinga

Erythrina velutina Willd. alkaloids: Piecing biosynthesis together from transcriptome analysis and metabolite profiling of seeds and leaves

Introduction: Natural products of pharmaceutical interest often do not reach the drug market due to the associated low yields and difficult extraction. Knowledge of biosynthetic pathways is a key element in the development of biotechnological strategies for plant specialized metabolite production. The scarce studies regarding non-model plants impair advances in this field. Erythrina spp. are mainly used as central nervous system depressants in folk medicine and are important sources of bioactive tetracyclic benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, which can act on several pathology-related biological targets. Objective: Herein the purpose is to employ combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses (seeds and leaves) of a non-model medicinal Fabaceae species grown in its unique arid natural habitat. The study tries to propose a putative biosynthetic pathway for the bioactive alkaloids by using an omic integrated approach. Methods: The Next Generation Sequencing-based transcriptome (de novo RNA sequencing) was carried out in a Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. Regarding the targeted metabolite profiling, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a micrOTOF-QII, High Resolution Mass Spectrometer, were used. Results: This detailed macro and micromolecular approach applied to seeds and leaves of E. velutina revealed 42 alkaloids by metabolome tools. Based on the combined evidence, 24 gene candidates were put together in a putative pathway leading to the singular alkaloid diversity of this species. Conclusion: These results contribute by indicating potential biotechnological targets Erythrina alkaloids biosynthesis as well as to improve molecular databases with omic data from a non-model medicinal plant. Furthermore, they reveal an interesting chemical diversity in Erythrina velutina harvested in Caatinga. Last, but not least, this data may also contribute to tap Brazilian biodiversity in a rational and sustainable fashion, promoting adequate public policies for preservation and protection of sensitive areas within the Caatinga

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Profile assessment nutritional in patients with malignant neoplasm diagnosis

Objetivo: avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes com cancer infanto-­juvenil no momento do diagnostico. Metodos: avaliou-­se o estado nutricional de 1154 pacientes, divididos, por diagnostico histologico, em tumores solidos (grupo TS) e hematologicos (grupo TH). Os parametros utilizados para avaliacao do estado nutricional foram: peso, altura, prega cutanea tricipital (PCT), circunferencia braquial (CB) e circunferencia muscular do braco (CMB), Indice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e porcentagem de perda de peso. Resultados: na analise antropometrica, 10,85% -­ 8,04% do grupo TS e 10,69% do grupo TH -­ dos pacientes apresentaram IMC abaixo do adequado no momento do diagnostico. A media de perda de peso neste estudo ajustado para um periodo de sete dias foi de -­2,82% para TH e -­2,9% para TS. A prevalencia de desnutricao foi mais alta que a observada na populacao geral, porem, nao observou-­se diferenca estatisticamente significante entre os grupos. Conclusao: a prevalencia de desnutricao em pacientes portadores de neoplasias malignas e maior que a observada na populacao geral; no entanto, nao observou-­se diferenca entre os grupos tumoraisBV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Nutrition Assessment on Admission of Paediatric Oncology Patients in a Specialized Treatment Center in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Nutr, GRAACC Support Grp Adolescents & Children Canc, Oncol Paediat Inst, Suzano, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Nutr, GRAACC Support Grp Adolescents & Children Canc, Oncol Paediat Inst, Sao Paulo, BrazilOncology Paediatric Institute ‐ GRAACC ‐ Support Group for Adolescents and Children with Cancer‐Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Departament of Nutrition, Suzano, BrazilOncology Paediatric Institute‐GRAACC ‐ Support Group for Adolescents and Children with Cancer‐Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Departament of Nutrition, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc