ACTIVITIES OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS AS IDENTIFIED BY MEDICAL DIRECTORS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENT HEALTH SERVICES

University health services play a very important role in the general health, performance, and well-being of the students, the university itself, and the community. As stated by the American College Health Association, the goal of a university health service is to promote and maintain those conditions which will permit and encourage each individual to realize optimum physical, emotional, intellectual, and social well-being. University students have special health care needs such as drug and alcohol abuses, emotional problems, and gynecological, sexual, and contraceptive problems. It is the goal of the health professionals involved with students to meet those needs. Because of these special health care needs, the increasing number of university students, and the present problems associated with medical care and medical distribution, nurse practitioners have become involved in some university percent of these nurse practitioners are in college health services.3 It was believed by the investigators of this study that nurse practitioners could play a special role in this area of health care. As student health medical directors are key persons in defining nurse practitioner activities, the purpose of this study was to determine the activities the directors identified as appropriate for nurse practitioners to perform in a university health care setting. The type of activities identified by them may be crucial in the decision to utilize nurse practitioners in the university student health setting

Jurisdictional Analysis in Commercial Litigation - The Single Contract Case - Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz

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Genotypic Analysis of the Canine MultiDrug Resistance 1 (ABCB1) gene in Miniature American and Australian Shephards

Canine breeders who are breeding to improve genetics often utilize the ability to test breeding stock for deleterious alleles. A DNA sample, such as a cheek swab or blood sample, is sent to laboratory where they determine genotypes that the owner has requested to know. Once the breeder receives results, they are better able to plan crosses or decide if a dog should be castrated to avoid the inheritance of unwanted diseases. This is particularly important with purebred dogs due to the high ratio of homozygous alleles. I will be using canine DNA for the gene ABCB1 or Multidrug Resistance 1. Samples for this study were collected from the Miniature American Shepherd, Miniature Australian Shepherd, and Australian Shepherd breeds, all which are known to carry the ABCB1 gene. Paw Print Genetics (Spokane, WA) provided 6 DNA samples of known genotype for use as controls

The neutral protease chymase degrades apolipoprotein E from high-density lipoproteins

No abstract availabl

Direct growth of 2D and 3D graphene nano-structures over large glass substrates by tuning a sacrificial Cu-template layer

We demonstrate direct growth of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) graphene structures on glass substrates. By starting from catalytic copper nanoparticles of different densities and using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) techniques, different 2D and 3D morphologies can be obtained, including graphene sponge-like, nano-ball and conformal graphene structures. More important, we show that the initial copper template can be completely removed via sublimation during CVD and, if need be, subsequent metal etching. This allows optical transmissions close to the bare substrate, which, combined with electrical conductivity make the proposed technique very attractive for creating graphene with high surface to volume ratio for a wide variety of applications, including antiglare display screens, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, gas and biological plasmonic sensors.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Louisiana\u27s Cajun Prairie: Holocene History of a Southern Grassland.

Pollen, phytolith, charcoal, and diatom analysis, in conjunction with sediment stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating, of sediment cores from Lake Arthur and Prien Lake, estuaries in southwestern Louisiana, provide 6000 years of data used to reconstruct the late-Holocene vegetation history of Louisiana\u27s natural prairie and to define coastal processes which affected the sites. The Cajun Prairie is a grassland outlier in a climate which normally supports forest. Poorly drained, impermeable soils with poor water yielding capability induce summer drought severe enough to limit the success of trees, resulting in a natural tallgrass prairie. Pollen, phytoliths, and charcoal suggest that the grassland island has neither expanded nor contracted over the last 6000 years and that fire has contributed to its maintenance. Pinus, Quercus, and Taxodium have been components of southwestern Louisiana\u27s vegetation for the entire period of record with a minor increase in pine from 2000 to 1000 B.P. High pollen concentrations followed by an Ambrosia rise and a drop in Taxodium and Pinus mark the settlement horizon. Low pollen influx after settlement indicates high rates of erosion and clastic input to the lakes. A crash in the diatom flora of Lake Arthur probably relates to maximum pollution of the estuary by agricultural chemicals. The use of phytoliths in sediment to distinguish the source of Gramineae pollen is a promising new technique. Dramatic increases in Gramineae pollen accompanied by high percentages of rondel shaped phytoliths document expanding marsh vegetation around Lake Arthur and Prien Lake as rising sea level initiated drowning of the low gradient rivers by 5000 B.P. Radiocarbon dates on peat samples indicate relative sea level of $-$5.5 m by 6000 B.P. followed by slow steady rise at a rate of 9 cm/100 years up to present times. Freshwater diatom assemblages between 4500 and 3000 B.P. coincide with westward progradation of the Mississippi River\u27s Teche Delta Complex, and an abrupt shift to brackish/marine diatom flora at 3000 B.P. signals abandonment of the Teche system

The relation between the diagonal entries and the eigenvalues of a symmetric matrix, based upon the sign pattern of its off-diagonal entries

It is known that majorization is a complete description of the relationships between the eigenvalues and diagonal entries of real symmetric matrices. However, for large subclasses of such matrices, the diagonal entries impose much greater restrictions on the eigenvalues. Motivated by previous results about Laplacian eigenvalues, we study here the additional restrictions that come from the off-diagonal sign-pattern classes of real symmetric matrices. Each class imposes additional restrictions. Several results are given for the all nonpositive and all nonnegative classes and for the third class that appears when n = 4. Complete description of the possible relationships are given in low dimensions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Nonpositive Eigenvalues of the Adjacency Matrix and Lower Bounds for Laplacian Eigenvalues

Let $NPO(k)$ be the smallest number $n$ such that the adjacency matrix of any undirected graph with $n$ vertices or more has at least $k$ nonpositive eigenvalues. We show that $NPO(k)$ is well-defined and prove that the values of $NPO(k)$ for $k=1,2,3,4,5$ are $1,3,6,10,16$ respectively. In addition, we prove that for all $k \geq 5$, $R(k,k+1) \ge NPO(k) > T_k$, in which $R(k,k+1)$ is the Ramsey number for $k$ and $k+1$, and $T_k$ is the $k^{th}$ triangular number. This implies new lower bounds for eigenvalues of Laplacian matrices: the $k$-th largest eigenvalue is bounded from below by the $NPO(k)$-th largest degree, which generalizes some prior results.Comment: 23 pages, 12 figure