Self-Balancing Two Wheeled Robot

Automation is increasingly becoming a larger part of daily life. From automated telephone calls to machines in manufacturing, robots are generally an effective and efficient way to reduce overhead costs, increase consistency in products and services, and perform tasks that may be hazardous to humans. The successful design and building of a two-wheeled balancing robot demonstrates a knowledge of control systems and sensor interfacing that can translate to real world applications. Helping seniors live on their own, performing dangerous mining work, repeatedly screwing the same piece in an assembly line, are great examples of a controls automation system freeing time up for a person to perform more important or more complex tasks, and all of these tasks use design techniques similar to that of a balancing robot. The robot will balance on two wheels and be able to have loads of varying weight and size (up to 5lbs) placed on the top platform. It will be capable of handling disturbances including bumps from humans or running into stationary objects and it can accommodate flooring changes (carpet, tile etc.) while maintaining balance. An accelerometer and a gyroscope feed information back to a pic microcontroller which feeds a PWM signal to two motors that drive the wheels so they stay under the center of mass of the robot

ENFERMEDADES RELACIONADAS AL ESTILO DE VIDA EN LIMA, PERÚ

Introducción: Las enfermedades relacionadas al estilo de vida son uno de los mayores retos de salud del siglo 21. Objetivos: El propósito de esta investigación fue obtener una base de datos para estudiar la prevalencia de enfermedades de las personas que viven en pobreza en Lima, Perú. Metodología: La investigación estuvo localizada en los distritos de Comas y Carabayllo en Lima, Perú. Contamos con un total de 829 adultos y 770 niños (0-17 años de edad) participantes. La data fue recolectada a través de clínicas comunitarias gratuitas, estas incluyeron muestras de sangre para evaluar la hemoglobina, glucosa, hemoglobina glicosilada, lípidos, vitamina D, y anticuerpos en contra de Chagas y Helicobacter pylori. Para la población pediátrica sólo se utilizó los records médicos; no se utilizaron muestras de sangre con propósitos de investigación. Resultados: Los resultados más significativos fueron: 50,9% con presión arterial sanguínea elevada siendo sistólica o diastólica, 47% Con hemoglobina glicosilada elevada, 24% glucosa en ayuno elevada, 57,2% con un al menos un parámetro elevado del panel lípido, 32,6% hemoglobina baja, 97,2% Vitamina D baja, 59% positivo para anticuerpos de Helicobacter, y 5,6% positivo con anticuerpos de Chagas. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad fue 65,1% para adultos y 42,3% para la población pediátrica. Conclusión: Los resultados demuestran anomalías relacionadas al estilo de vida. Esta información puede utilizarse para desarrollar estrategias de prevención y tratamiento de las enfermedades relacionadas al estilo de vida, con enfoque en la educación y cambios en el estilo de vida.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v17.n2.83

Identification of distinct nanoparticles and subsets of extracellular vesicles by asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation

The heterogeneity of exosomal populations has hindered our understanding of their biogenesis, molecular composition, biodistribution and functions. By employing asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4), we identified two exosome subpopulations (large exosome vesicles, Exo-L, 90-120 nm; small exosome vesicles, Exo-S, 60-80 nm) and discovered an abundant population of non-membranous nanoparticles termed 'exomeres' (~35 nm). Exomere proteomic profiling revealed an enrichment in metabolic enzymes and hypoxia, microtubule and coagulation proteins as well as specific pathways, such as glycolysis and mTOR signalling. Exo-S and Exo-L contained proteins involved in endosomal function and secretion pathways, and mitotic spindle and IL-2/STAT5 signalling pathways, respectively. Exo-S, Exo-L and exomeres each had unique N-glycosylation, protein, lipid, DNA and RNA profiles and biophysical properties. These three nanoparticle subsets demonstrated diverse organ biodistribution patterns, suggesting distinct biological functions. This study demonstrates that AF4 can serve as an improved analytical tool for isolating extracellular vesicles and addressing the complexities of heterogeneous nanoparticle subpopulations.The authors also acknowledge the Genomics Resource Core facility (WCM) for their high-quality service. The authors thank C. Ghajar and J. Weiss for feedback on the manuscript and members of the Lyden laboratory for discussions. Our study was supported by the National Cancer Institute (U01-CA169538 to D.L.), the National Institutes of Health (NIH; R01-CA169416 to D.L. and H.P.; R01-CA218513 to D.L. and H.Z.), the US Department of Defense (W81XWH-13-10249 to D.L.), W81XWH-13-1-0425 (to D.L., J.Br.), the Sohn Conference Foundation (D.L., I.M., H.P. and H.Z.), the Children’s Cancer and Blood Foundation (D.L.), The Manning Foundation (A.H. and D.L.), The Hartwell Foundation (D.L.), The Nancy C. and Daniel P. Paduano Foundation (D.L.), The Starr Cancer Consortium (H.P. and D.L.; D.L. and H.Z.), the Pediatric Oncology Experimental Therapeutic Investigator Consortium (POETIC; D.L.), the James Paduano Foundation (D.L. and H.P.), the NIH/WCM CTSC (NIH/NCATS: UL1TR00457 to H.M. and H.Z.; UL1TR002384 to D.L., H.M. and H.Z.), the Malcolm Hewitt Wiener Foundation (D.L.), the Champalimaud Foundation (D.L.), the Thompson Family Foundation (D.L., R.S.), U01-CA210240 (D.L.), the Beth Tortolani Foundation (J.Br.), the Charles and Marjorie Holloway Foundation (J.Br.), the Sussman Family Fund (J.Br.), the Lerner Foundation (J.Br.), the Breast Cancer Alliance (J.Br.), the Manhasset Women’s Coalition Against Breast Cancer (J.Br.), the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) of the NIH (MD007599 to H.M.), NIH/NCATS (UL1TR00457 to H.M.). C.R., A.M., D.F., A.F., A.S. and H.O. acknowledge FEDER (Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through COMPETE 2020) POCI, Portugal 2020 (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000029) and FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia in the framework of the project ‘Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences’ (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274) and the FCT project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016585 (PTDC/BBB-EBI/0567/2014). The authors acknowledge FCT for grants to A.M. (SFRH/BPD/75871/2011) and A.F. (SFRH/BPD/111048/2015). D.F. acknowledges FCT (SFRH/BD/110636/2015), the BiotechHealth PhD Programme (PD/0016/2012) and the American Portuguese Biomedical Research Fund.S