Eine Handreichung für die Praxis. Der Klassenrat als Mittel demokratischer Schulentwicklung

Der Klassenrat ist ein Zeitfenster, in dem die Klasse alle aktuellen Themen, die die Schule, die Klasse und/oder die Schüler/-innen betreffen, in einer demokratischen und eigenverantwortlichen Form besprechen kann. Im Klassenrat sind Lehrer/-innen und Schüler/-innen gleichberechtigte Partner. Indem die Schüler/-innen ihre Angelegenheiten mit Unterstützung der Lehrer/-innen eigenverantwortlich regeln, können sie Selbst- und Sozialkompetenz entwickeln, demokratische Kommunikationsformen und Entscheidungsfindung üben und praktisch anwenden. So trägt der Klassenrat zur Entwicklung einer demokratischen Kultur in der Schule und zur Entwicklung demokratischer Kompetenzen bei. Das Material ist eine Veröffentlichung aus dem BLK-Programm „Demokratie lernen & leben“

Synergies Between Lean Construction and Artificial Intelligence: AI Driven Continuous Improvement Process

Both, Lean Construction (LC) techniques and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods strive for the continuous improvement of production systems in projects and organizations. A combined implementation of both approaches is an ongoing research area. Therefore, the question arises as to whether the added value generated by implementing both approaches jointly is greater than the added value generated by implementing them independently and what is the significance of people in their combined use. This paper explores theoretically the potential of synergies between LC and AI in the AEC sector with exemplary use cases as well as their resulting effects. Humans play a crucial role as interface between a combined use of both of them. As a result, a framework containing LC, AI and people is formed as basis for further combined developments. Therefore, change management, an area in which Lean has spent several years developing, can help both approaches gain traction. With the results, targeted applications can be developed, and practice can be supported

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of mandelonitrile lyase from almonds

Single crystals of three different isoenzymes of (R)-(+) mandelonitrile lyase (hydroxynitrile lyase) from almonds (Prunus amygdalus) have been obtained by hanging drop vapor diffusion using polyethylene glycol 4000 and isopropanol as co-precipitants. The crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P2l with unit cell parameters a = 69.9, b = 95.1, c = 95.6 Å, and β = 118.5°. A complete set of diffraction data has been collected to 2.6 Å resolution on native crystals of isoenzyme III

Aconitase Regulation of Erythropoiesis Correlates with a Novel Licensing Function in Erythropoietin-Induced ERK Signaling

Erythroid development requires the action of erythropoietin (EPO) on committed progenitors to match red cell output to demand. In this process, iron acts as a critical cofactor, with iron deficiency blunting EPO-responsiveness of erythroid progenitors. Aconitase enzymes have recently been identified as possible signal integration elements that couple erythropoiesis with iron availability. In the current study, a regulatory role for aconitase during erythropoiesis was ascertained using a direct inhibitory strategy.In C57BL/6 mice, infusion of an aconitase active-site inhibitor caused a hypoplastic anemia and suppressed responsiveness to hemolytic challenge. In a murine model of polycythemia vera, aconitase inhibition rapidly normalized red cell counts, but did not perturb other lineages. In primary erythroid progenitor cultures, aconitase inhibition impaired proliferation and maturation but had no effect on viability or ATP levels. This inhibition correlated with a blockade in EPO signal transmission specifically via ERK, with preservation of JAK2-STAT5 and Akt activation. Correspondingly, a physical interaction between ERK and mitochondrial aconitase was identified and found to be sensitive to aconitase inhibition.Direct aconitase inhibition interferes with erythropoiesis in vivo and in vitro, confirming a lineage-selective regulatory role involving its enzymatic activity. This inhibition spares metabolic function but impedes EPO-induced ERK signaling and disturbs a newly identified ERK-aconitase physical interaction. We propose a model in which aconitase functions as a licensing factor in ERK-dependent proliferation and differentiation, thereby providing a regulatory input for iron in EPO-dependent erythropoiesis. Directly targeting aconitase may provide an alternative to phlebotomy in the treatment of polycythemia vera

Erzeugung eines nuklearen Polaritons mit zwei verschränkten Zweigen mithilfe von Magnetfelddrehungen

An experimentally feasible scheme based on fast magnetic field rotations to generate nuclear polariton entanglement in a 57FeBO3 sample is investigated theoretically. Using a nuclear forward scattering setup with hard x-ray synchrotron radiation, a normal incidence x-ray mirror and two fast rotations of the hyperfine magnetic field in the sample, a nuclear polariton with two counterpropagating branches can produced. These branches are entangled by a single photon. The first magnetic field rotation suppresses nuclear decay, providing a sub-ångström-wavelength standing wave nuclear excitation pattern that could be used to dynamically probe the sample’s atomic structure. By releasing the photon with a second rotation, one additionally obtains robust single-photon entanglement of two simultaneously emitted, spatially separated field modes

Practical Criterion for Single-Photon Entanglement at X-Ray Energies

The generation and verification of entanglement is one of the big remaining challenges in x-ray quantum optics. We generalize a criterion for two-mode entanglement based on a Bell inequality, which was put forward by Johansen. We show that the experimentally simple criterion detects entanglement even for arbitrary losses behind the source. Furthermore, a beamsplitter of arbitrary reflectivity can be used to generate two-mode entanglement from a single-photon input. We investigate a range of other interesting input states and find that states similar to the single-photon state produce entanglement as well. The criterion thus provides a robust and practical benchmark for both theoretical and experimental work on single-photon entanglement. By applying a post-selection scheme, we demonstrate the importance of two-photon events in experiments, even for very low event rates. The criterion’s possible experimental implementation at x-ray energies, requiring only an interferometer and photodetectors, is discussed. We investigate Mössbauer nuclei in a thin-film cavity as an interferometer and derive a scheme to extract the first-order coherence g(1) from its Fano spectrum. Analyzing experimental data, we show that thin-film cavity systems are capable of sufficiently high coherence for the interferometry part of the criterion