Problems with the learning of the interruptions mechanism in the Spanish conversation of Taiwanese students of Spanish as a Foreign Language

En esta investigación, tratamos de descubrir las\ud posibles diferencias en el modelo de producción\ud de interrupciones de habla cuando los alumnos\ud taiwaneses de ELE conversan en un nivel inicial y\ud en un nivel intermedio de su lengua meta. Al\ud mismo tiempo, comparamos estos dos grupos\ud con un tercer grupo de hablantes nativos de\ud español peninsular aplicando un análisis\ud contrastivo a la producción de interrupciones.\ud Los resultados de la estadística descriptiva nos\ud permiten afirmar que, cuando los alumnos de\ud séptimo año de español hablan en su lengua\ud objeto, a pesar de que su nivel lingüístico es\ud mayor que en niveles inferiores, no se produce\ud un aprendizaje del mecanismo de producción de\ud interrupciones.\ud Por esta razón, consideramos que los profesores\ud de ELE debemos enseñar en nuestra clase a\ud reconocer, interpretar y manejar las señales que\ud regulan el mecanismo conversacional para, así,\ud poder mejorar eficazmente la competencia\ud comunicativa de los alumnosIn this research, we will demonstrate the\ud differences of the mechanism of interruption\ud when Taiwanese students of Spanish as a foreign\ud language speak Spanish at a B1 and B2 level. We\ud will then compare them with another group\ud composed of Spaniards, by using a contrastive\ud analysis of the production of these interruptions.\ud The results of the descriptive statistical show us\ud that Taiwanese students with a B2 level, even\ud though their linguistic level is higher, are not\ud properly learning about the mechanism of\ud interruption.\ud Therefore, instructors of Spanish as a foreign\ud language must help students to recognize,\ud interpret, and use signals for controlling this\ud mechanism so that the students effectively\ud improve their communicative competence

Geometry of curves and surfaces in contemporary chair design

In the present work, we focus on some of the current trends used in furniture design, from a dual point of view: differential geometry of curves and surfaces, and the existing perspective deriving from the usual techniques of computer-aided design. The contributions of architects such as Alvar Aalto, Mies van der Rohe, Marcel Breuer, Arne Jacobsen and Charles and Ray Eames to contemporary chair design are related to these techniques. Among them, we point out those which are performed by means of spatial geometric transformations of curves and surfaces, with an emphasis on ruled surfaces

Application of advanced techniques of Fire Safety Engineering in an educational building

Máster en Ingeniería Industria

Disponibilidad léxica de 52 estudiantes taiwaneses universitarios de ELE A1

A lo largo del proceso de aprendizaje de una lengua, el alumno va completando diferentes etapas que pueden ser definidas por la riqueza, el control y el alcance del vocabulario. La relevancia de estos parámetros en la determinación del nivel competencial del estudiante es el principal motivo de este trabajo, cuyo objetivo general es analizar con detalle el vocabulario que conoce un grupo de 52 alumnos taiwaneses con un nivel A1 de español. Para ello, hemos aplicado un test de disponibilidad léxica conforme a la metodología practicada por los estudios que surgieron en Francia dentro del marco del Centre d’étude du français élémentaire a mediados del siglo XX. El análisis de los resultados del test servirá como punto de partida para enfrentar futuras investigaciones que aborden la suficiencia o insuficiencia del léxico de los alumnos, así como la eficacia o ineficacia de los materiales de aprendizaje e, incluso, de la metodología de enseñanza seguida en el aula

Espectroscopía de plasma inducido y fluorescencia molecular en el control de calidad de los alimentos

La industria alimentaria es un sector en continua evolución, con un gran volumen tanto en importaciones como en exportaciones entre países, siendo susceptible de fraudes, adulteraciones o de productos en mal estado, pudiendo llegar a producir intoxicaciones, enfermedades o alergias alimentarias. Esto produce una inseguridad en la población ante la incertidumbre de si el producto que se adquiere es genuino y seguro, además de la vulnerabilidad de los productores de cara a la protección del producto que ofertan. Bien es cierto que existen etiquetas con Denominación de Origen Protegido (D.O.P.) y sus variantes como elemento diferenciador de la calidad, así como normativas europeas 1 en la lucha contra el fraude alimentario, pero se hacen insuficientes ante los numerosos casos de fraudes que benefician el bolsillo de unos y perjudica la salud de muchos otros..

The use of interruptions in Spanish and Chinese conversations by Taiwanese students of Spanish as a foreign language

La investigación que presentamos consiste en el análisis de la producción de interrupciones en conversaciones en chino y en español entre universitarios taiwaneses estudiantes de español como lengua extranjera. Para ello, se han buscado las diferencias existentes entre las interrupciones de estudiantes de nivel inicial e intermedio. Los resultados obtenidos de este análisis se han utilizado para hacer una comparación con los porcentajes finales de otro grupo formado por españoles nativos que conversan en su lengua materna. Este análisis nos permitirá saber si los estudiantes taiwaneses de ELE con diferente nivel en su competencia comunicativa exhiben un patrón en la producción de interrupciones diferente del grupo de españoles, si existe interferencia de su lengua materna y si ello podría dificultar la comunicación oral entre españoles y taiwaneses.This study analyzed the interruptions made by Taiwanese students learning Spanish as a foreign language. It compared the research participants' use of Spanish and Chinese when their Spanish speaking proficiency levels were B1 and B2. The results were compared with another group of Spaniards. The analysis shows whether Taiwanese students with different levels of Spanish communicative competence exhibit an interruption pattern different from that of the Spaniards group. It also shows whether the interference exists in their use of Chinese language that may hinder their oral communication with Spaniards and Taiwanese. This study analyzed the interruptions made by Taiwanese students learning Spanish as a foreign language. It compared the research participants' use of Spanish and Chinese when their Spanish speaking proficiency levels were B1 and B2. The results were compared with another group of Spaniards. The analysis shows whether Taiwanese students with different levels of Spanish communicative competence exhibit an interruption pattern different from that of the Spaniards group. It also shows whether the interference exists in their use of Chinese language that may hinder their oral communication with Spaniards and Taiwanese

Integrated methodology for assessing the effects of geomorphological river restoration on fish habitat and riparian vegetation

Changes in the geomorphology of rivers have serious repercussions, causing losses in the dynamics and naturalness of their forms, going in many cases, from a type of meandering channel, with constant erosion and sedimentation processes, to a channelized narrow river with rigid and stable margins, where the only possibility of movement occurs in the vertical, causing the only changes in channel geometry occur in the river bed. On the other hand, these changes seriously affect the naturalness of the banks, preventing the development of riparian vegetation and reducing the cross connectivity of the riparian corridor. Common canalizations and disconnections of meanders increase the slope, and therefore speed, resulting in processes of regressive erosion, effect increased as a result of the narrowing of the channel and the concentration of flows. This process of incision may turn the flood plain to be "hung", being completely disconnected from the water table, with important consequences for vegetation. As an example of the effects of these changes, it has been chosen the case of the Arga River The Arga river has been channelized and rectified, as it passes along the meander RamalHondo and Soto Gil (Funes, Navarra). The effects on fish habitat and riparian vegetation by remeandering the Arga River are presented. and Ttwo very contrasting situationsrestoration hypothesis, in terms of geomorphology concerns, have been established to assess the effects these changes have on the habitat of one of the major fish species in the area (Luciobabus graellsii) and on the riparian vegetation. To accomplish this goal, it has been necessary to used the a digital elevation model provided by LIDAR flight, bathymetric data, flow data, as inputs, and a hydraulic simulation model 2D (Infoworks RS). The results obtained not only helped to evaluate the effects of the past alterations of geomorphologic characteristics, but also to predict fish and vegetation habitat responses to this type of changes

"In vitro" study of inflammatory response induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mononuclear cells in rheumatoid arthritis

[Resumen]: La artritis reumatoide (AR) es uno de los trastornos autoinmunes más comunes. Se muestra como una enfermedad crónica, caracterizada por la inflamación del tejido sinovial de las articulaciones, siendo capaz de provocar daños articulares a largo plazo acompañados de dolor. Se puede desencadenar por factores genéticos, epigenéticos o ambientales, teniendo gran influencia el incremento de estrés oxidativo y el propio envejecimiento. Con este trabajo se busca profundizar en el desarrollo de la respuesta inmune que caracteriza la artritis reumatoide, por lo que se empleó la línea celular THP-1 monocítica. Esta es una línea de monocitos de leucemia humana con la que se pueden observar las funciones de los monocitos/macrófagos in vitro. Con este fin, se diferenciaron las células THP-1 a macrófagos a través del inductor forbol-12- miristato-13-acetato (PMA). Posteriormente, se comprobó la eficacia del lipopolisacárido bacteriano (LPS) sobre la inducción de la respuesta inflamatoria, utilizándolo como control positivo del estudio piloto. Para ello, se cuantificaron mediante expresión génica los mediadores inflamatorios que forman parte del inflamasoma (NLRP3, Caspasa-1 e IL-1β) así como la citoquina IL-8, a través de la PCR a tiempo real. También se determinó la posible capacidad de regulación de la respuesta inflamatoria que tiene el resveratrol, un compuesto antiinflamatorio natural.[Resumo]: A artrite reumatoide (AR) é un dos trastornos autoinmunes máis comúns. Móstrase como unha enfermidade crónica, caracterizada pola inflamación do tecido sinovial das articulacións, sendo capaz de provocar danos articulares a longo prazo acompañados de dor. Pódese desencadear por factores xenéticos, epixenéticos ou ambientais, tendo gran influencia o incremento do estrés oxidativo e o propio envellecemento. Con este traballo búscase profundar no desenvolvemento da resposta inmune que caracteriza a artrite reumatoide, polo que se empregou a liña celular THP-1 monocítica. Esta é unha liña de monocitos de leucemia humana coa que se poden observar as funcións dos monocitos/ macrófagos in vitro. Con esta finalidade, diferenciáronse as células THP-1 a macrófagos a través do indutor forbol-12- miristato-13- acetato (PMA). Posteriormente, comprobouse a eficacia do lipopolisacárido bacteriano (LPS) sobre a indución da resposta inflamatoria, utilizándoo como control positivo do estudo piloto. Para iso, cuantificáronse mediante expresión xénica os mediadores inflamatorios que forman parte do inflamasoma (NLRP3, Caspasa-1 e IL-1β) así como a citoquina IL-8, a través da PCR a tempo real. Tamén se determinou a posible capacidade de regulación da resposta inflamatoria que ten o resveratrol, un composto antiinflamatorio natural.[Abstract]: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders. It is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the synovial tissue of the joints, capable of causing long-term joint damage accompanied by pain. It can be triggered by genetic, epigenetic or environmental factors, being the increase of oxidative stress and ageing itself a great influence. In this work, we seek to deepen in the development of the immune response that characterizes rheumatoid arthritis, so the monocytic THP-1 cell line was used. This is a human leukemia monocyte line with which the functions of monocytes/macrophages can be observed in vitro. To this end, THP-1 cells were differentiated to macrophages via the inducer phorbol-12- myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Subsequently, the efficacy of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the induction of the inflammatory response was tested by using it as a positive control in the pilot study. For this purpose, the inflammatory mediators that are part of the inflammasome (NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β) as well as the cytokine IL-8 were quantified by gene expression through real-time PCR. The possible capacity of resveratrol, a natural anti-inflammatory compound, to regulate the inflammatory response was also determined.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.CIE). Bioloxía. Curso 2021/202

A real-world intelligent system for the diagnosis and triage of COVID-19 in the emergency department

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on healthcare systems, prompting the need to improve the triaging of patients in the Emergency Department (ED). This could be achieved by automatic analysis of chest X-rays (CXR) using Artificial Intelligence (AI). We conducted a research project to generate and thoroughly document the development process of an intelligent system for COVID-19 diagnosis. This work aims at explaining the problem formulation, data collection and pre-processing, use of base convolutional neural networks to approach our diagnostic problem, the process of network building and how our model was validated to reach the final diagnostic system. Using publicly available datasets and a locally obtained dataset with more than 100,000 potentially eligible CXR images, we developed an intelligent diagnostic system that achieves an average performance of 93% success. Then, we implemented a web-based interface that will allow its use in real-world medical practice, with an average response time of less than 1 second. There were some limitations in the application of the diagnostic system to our local dataset which precluded obtaining high diagnostic performance. Although not all these limitations are straightforward, the most relevant ones are discussed, along with potential solutions. Further research is warranted to overcome the limitations of state-of-the-art AI systems used for the imaging diagnosis of COVID-19 in the EDCOVID-19’ project (CV20-29480)Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y UniversidadesJunta de Andalucía, and the FEDER funds