58 research outputs found
Function and Dynamics of Tetraspanins during Antigen Recognition and Immunological Synapse Formation
Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) are specialized membrane platforms driven by protein protein interactions that integrate membrane receptors and adhesion molecules. Tetraspanins participate in antigen recognition and presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) through the organization of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and their downstream induced signaling, as well as the regulation of MHC-II-peptide trafficking. T lymphocyte activation is triggered upon specific recognition of antigens present on the APC surface during immunological synapse (IS) formation. This dynamic process is characterized by a defined spatial organization involving the compartmentalization of receptors and adhesion molecules in specialized membrane domains that are connected to the underlying cytoskeleton and signaling molecules. Tetraspanins contribute to the spatial organization and maturation of the IS by controlling receptor clustering and local accumulation of adhesion receptors and integrins, their downstream signaling, and linkage to the actin cytoskeleton. This review offers a perspective on the important role of TEMs in the regulation of antigen recognition and presentation and in the dynamics of IS architectural organization.The cost of this publication has been paid in part by FEDER funds.S
Kinase inhibitors Tyrphostin 9 and rottlerin block early steps of rabies virus cycle
International audienceRabies virus (RABV) is a neurotropic virus that causes fatal encephalitis in humans and animals and still kills up to 59,000 people worldwide every year. To date, only preventive or post-exposure vaccination protects against the disease but therapeutics are missing. After screening a library of 80 kinases inhibitors, we identified two compounds as potent inhibitors of RABV infection: Tyrphostin 9 and Rottlerin. Mechanism of action studies show that both inhibitors interfere with an early step of viral cycle and can prevent viral replication. In presence of Tyrphostin 9, the viral entry through endocytosis is disturbed leading to improper delivery of viral particles in cytoplasm, whereas Rottlerin is inhibiting the transcription, most likely by decreasing intracellular ATP concentrations, and therefore the replication of the viral genome
Continuous enhanced expression of Hsc70 but not Hsp70 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue
Characterization of an antibody that can detect the Kai1/CD82 murine metastasis suppressor
HEPARIN-BINDING EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR IS AN AUTOCRINE MEDIATOR OF HUMAN PROSTATE STROMAL CELL GROWTH IN VITRO
Cytoskeleton rearrangement induced by tetraspanin engagement modulates the activation of T and NK cells
Expression of transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) proteins and their role in hepatic stellate cell motility and wound healing migration
Migration of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) is a key event in the progression of liver fibrosis. Little is known about transmembrane proteins involved in HSC motility. Tetraspanins (TM4SF) have been implicated in cell development, differentiation, motility and tumor cell invasion. We evaluated the expression and function of four TM4SF, namely CD9, CD81, CD63 and CD151, and their involvement in HSC migration, adhesion, and proliferation
Importance of the Major Extracellular Domain of CD9 and the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-like Domain of Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor for Up-regulation of Binding and Activity
Expression of transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) proteins and their role in hepatic stellate cell motility and wound healing migration
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