Manipulation of the surface density of states of Ag(111) by means of resonators. Experiment and theory.

We show that the density of surface Shockley states of Ag(111) probed by the differential conductance G(V ) = d I /d V by a scanning-tunneling microscope (STM) can be enhanced significantly at certain energies and positions introducing simple arrays of Co or Ag atoms on the surface, in contrast to other noble-metal surfaces. Specifically we have studied resonators consisting of two parallel walls of five atoms deposited on the clean Ag(111) surface. A simple model in which the effect of the adatoms is taken into account by an attractive local potential and a small hybridization between surface and bulk at the position of the adatoms explains the main features of the observed G(V ) and allows us to extract the proportion of surface and bulk states sensed by the STM tip. These results might be relevant to engineer the surface spectral density of states, to study the effects of surface states on the Kondo effect, and to separate bulk and surface contributions in STM studies of topological surface states

What We Did Last Summer: Depicting DES Data to Enhance Simulation Utility and Use

At Kennedy Space Center (KSC), an important use of Discrete Event Simulation (DES) addresses ground operations .of missions to space. DES allows managers, scientists and engineers to assess the number of missions KSC can complete on a given schedule within different facilities, the effects of various configurations of resources and detect possible problems or unwanted situations. For fifteen years, DES has supported KSC efficiency, cost savings and improved safety and performance. The dense and abstract DES data, however, proves difficult to comprehend and, NASA managers realized, is subject to misinterpretation, misunderstanding and even, misuse. In summer 2008, KSC developed and implemented a NASA Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD) project based on the premise that visualization could enhance NASA's understanding and use of DES

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de las periimplantitis. Actualización en el diagnóstico clínico y en el tratamiento de las periimplantitis

En el presente capítulo realizamos una descripción de las investigaciones y hallazgos más importantes aparecidos recientemente en la literatura implantológica, los cuales inciden de una forma más significativa en el diagnóstico clínico y su aplicación en el tratamiento de las periimplantitis por parte del dentista. Aunque todavía no existe claridad ni consenso en los protocolos de actuación terapéutica, hemos realizado un meticuloso análisis de los conocimientos aportados por los diferentes investigadores, y describimos su aplicación más racional al hilo de las últimas investigaciones

Real space manifestations of coherent screening in atomic scale Kondo lattices

The interaction among magnetic moments screened by conduction electrons drives quantum phase transitions between magnetically ordered and heavy-fermion ground states. Here, starting from isolated magnetic impurities in the Kondo regime, we investigate the formation of the finite size analogue of a heavy Fermi liquid. We build regularly-spaced chains of Co adatoms on a metallic surface by atomic manipulation. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy is used to obtain maps of the Kondo resonance intensity with sub-atomic resolution. For sufficiently small interatomic separation, the spatial distribution of Kondo screening does not coincide with the position of the adatoms. It also develops enhancements at both edges of the chains. Since we can rule out any other interaction between Kondo impurities, this is explained in terms of the indirect hybridization of the Kondo orbitals mediated by a coherent electron gas, the mechanism that causes the emergence of heavy quasiparticles in the thermodynamic limit.Financial support was provided by the Spanish Plan Nacional de I+ D+ i (grants MAT 2013-46593-C6-3-P, MAT2016-78293-C6-6-R, MAT2015-66888-C3-2-R, and FIS2015-64886-C5-3-P), Charles University (programme PRIMUS/Sci/09) and the European Union through programmes Interreg-POCTEFA (grant TNSI/EFA194/16) and H2020-EINFRA-5-2015 MaX Center of Excellence (grant no. 676598). M. M.-L., M. P., and D. S. acknowledge the use of SAI at Universidad de Zaragoza. R. R. acknowledges The Severo Ochoa Centers of Excellence Program (grant no. SEV-2017-0706) and Generalitat de Catalunya (grant no. 2017SGR1506 and the CERCA Programme)

LoXL4 is induced by transforming growth factor β1 through Smad and JunB/Fra2 and contributes to vascular matrix remodeling

Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic factor involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and remodeling. In search for novel genes mediating the action of TGF-β1 on vascular ECM, we identified the member of the lysyl oxidase family of matrix-remodeling enzymes, lysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4), as a direct target of TGF-β1 in aortic endothelial cells, and we dissected the molecular mechanism of its induction. Deletion mapping and mutagenesis analysis of the LOXL4 promoter demonstrated the absolute requirement of a distal enhancer containing an activator protein 1 (AP-1) site and a Smad binding element for TGF-β1 to induce LOXL4 expression. Functional cooperation between Smad proteins and the AP-1 complex composed of JunB/Fra2 accounted for the action of TGF-β1, which involved the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)- dependent phosphorylation of Fra2. We furthermore provide evidence that LOXL4 was extracellularly secreted and significantly contributed to ECM deposition and assembly. These results suggest that TGF-β1-dependent expression of LOXL4 plays a role in vascular ECM homeostasis, contributing to vascular processes associated with ECM remodeling and fibrosis.This work was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Plan Nacional de I+D+I: SAF2009-09085, SAF2012-34916), Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (2010-BMD2321, FIBROTEAM Consortium), Fundación Genoma España (MEICA project), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (Proyecto Intramural de Incorporación, 200920I158), and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvárez de Toledo. O.B. is a recipient of a fellowship from the Ministerio de Economía y Competi- tividad (Formación de Personal Investigador)Peer Reviewe

Evaluation of an integrated system for classification, assessment and comparison of services for long-term care in Europe: the eDESDE-LTC study

The harmonization of European health systems brings with it a need for tools to allow the standardized collection of information about medical care. A common coding system and standards for the description of services are needed to allow local data to be incorporated into evidence-informed policy, and to permit equity and mobility to be assessed. The aim of this project has been to design such a classification and a related tool for the coding of services for Long Term Care (DESDE-LTC), based on the European Service Mapping Schedule (ESMS). Methods. The development of DESDE-LTC followed an iterative process using nominal groups in 6 European countries. 54 researchers and stakeholders in health and social services contributed to this process. In order to classify services, we use the minimal organization unit or "Basic Stable Input of Care" (BSIC), coded by its principal function or "Main Type of Care" (MTC). The evaluation of the tool included an analysis of feasibility, consistency, ontology, inter-rater reliability, Boolean Factor Analysis, and a preliminary impact analysis (screening, scoping and appraisal). Results: DESDE-LTC includes an alpha-numerical coding system, a glossary and an assessment instrument for mapping and counting LTC. It shows high feasibility, consistency, inter-rater reliability and face, content and construct validity. DESDE-LTC is ontologically consistent. It is regarded by experts as useful and relevant for evidence-informed decision making. Conclusion: DESDE-LTC contributes to establishing a common terminology, taxonomy and coding of LTC services in a European context, and a standard procedure for data collection and international comparison

Publisher Correction : Real space manifestations of coherent screening in atomic scale Kondo lattices

Aquesta és una correcció a l'article 10.1038/s41467-019-10103-

Rehabilitación implantoprotésica en el paciente oncológico: experiencia de 20 años

Resumen Los pacientes que han sido tratados por un proceso oncológico se encuentran con una alteración de funciones básicas, como la masticación, fonación y estética, que les impide desarrollar una vida normal en cuanto a la alimentación, habla y relaciones sociales, lo que disminuye de forma manifiesta su calidad de vida. En la medida de lo posible la restitución del tejido perdido se puede realizar con prótesis dental, si bien los implantes en estas situaciones han supuesto un elemento clave debido a que la alteración de la mucosa hace que el apoyo mucoso sea difícil. Tras 20 años de experiencia y dedicación en la Unidad de Rehabilitación Protésica de la Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial en los Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío, nos planteamos estudiar los resultados obtenidos en dicha Unidad, analizando la supervivencia de los implantes endoóseos colocados en pacientes que han sido tratados de un cáncer en la cavidad oral y que, tras dos años supervivencia, precisan una rehabilitación protésic

Prospective assessment of post-extraction gingival closure with bone substitute and calcium sulphate

Introduction: The closure of post extraction gingival defects has not been studied in depth, although their achievement is of great importance in certain situations, such as prior to radiotherapy treatment in patients with oral cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of bone substitutes on the time of closure of post extraction gingival defects. Materials and Methods: 22 patients underwent two symmetrical dental extractions. Using a split mouth model, with random assignment to one or other group, one was considered a control group (no filling with any type of material post extraction), whereas the other was considered the experimental group (filling with bone substitute and calcium sulphate post extraction). Gingival closure and healing were assessed in the first group at 2, 3, 4 and 6 weeks after extraction. Results: No differences were seen between both groups in gingival health. Gingival closure was greater and faster in the experimental group than in the control group, and was statistically significant in the first and second week after extraction (1st week, control: 19.63mm2 ± 2.52 - experimental: 11.76mm2 ± 2.40 - p < 0.05) (2nd week, control: 15.09mm2 ± 2.77 - experimental: 7.98mm2 ± 1.99 - p < 0.05), although these differences evened out during subsequent periods. No medical accidents were seen and tolerance to treatment was good in both groups. Discussion: According to our data, the use of filling material allows a faster initial gingival closure of the socket post extraction. However, we must assess the cost of intervention, with the aim of applying it in situations in which it may be of significant advantage (for example, patients that will undergo radiotherapy treatment), or in cases in which the use of these materials is justified due to other reasons in addition to the one mentioned (such as maintenance of bone crest architecture for implant restoration)