52 research outputs found
Structural Organization of DNA in Chlorella Viruses
Chlorella viruses have icosahedral capsids with an internal membrane enclosing their large dsDNA genomes and associated proteins. Their genomes are packaged in the particles with a predicted DNA density of ca. 0.2 bp nmâ3. Occasionally infection of an algal cell by an individual particle fails and the viral DNA is dynamically ejected from the capsid. This shows that the release of the DNA generates a force, which can aid in the transfer of the genome into the host in a successful infection. Imaging of ejected viral DNA indicates that it is intimately associated with proteins in a periodic fashion. The bulk of the protein particles detected by atomic force microscopy have a size of âŒ60 kDa and two proteins (A278L and A282L) of about this size are among 6 basic putative DNA binding proteins found in a proteomic analysis of DNA binding proteins packaged in the virion. A combination of fluorescence images of ejected DNA and a bioinformatics analysis of the DNA reveal periodic patterns in the viral DNA. The periodic distribution of GC rich regions in the genome provides potential binding sites for basic proteins. This DNA/protein aggregation could be responsible for the periodic concentration of fluorescently labeled DNA observed in ejected viral DNA. Collectively the data indicate that the large chlorella viruses have a DNA packaging strategy that differs from bacteriophages; it involves proteins and share similarities to that of chromatin structure in eukaryotes
Screening for pre-clinical disability in different residential settings
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Preventing disability and offering effective interventions to older people during early decline in function is most likely to be effective if those most at risk of progressive disablement are able to be identified. Similarly the ability to easily identify a group with similar functional profile from disparate sectors of the community is of significant benefit to researchers. This study aimed to (1) describe the use of a pre-clinical disability screening tool to select a functionally comparable group of older men and women with early functional limitation from different settings, and (2) explore factors associated with function and disability.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Self-reported function and disability measured with the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument along with a range of physical performance measurements were compared across residential settings and gender in a sample of 471 trial participants identified as pre-clinically disabled after being screened with the Fried pre-clinical disability tool. Factors that might lie on the pathway to progressive disablement were identified using multiple linear regression analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that a sample population, screened for pre-clinical disability, had a functional status and disability profile reflecting early functional limitation, regardless of residential setting or gender. Statistical models identified a range of factors associated with function and disability which explained a greater degree of the variation in function, than disability.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We selected a group of people with a comparable function and disability profile, consistent with the pre-clinical stage of disability, from a sample of older Australian men and women from different residential settings using the Fried pre-clinical disability screening tool. The results suggest that the screening tool can be used with greater confidence for research, clinical and population health purposes. Further research is required to examine the validity of the tool. These findings offer insight into the type of impairment factors characterising early functional loss that could be addressed through disability prevention initiatives.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>ACTRN01206000431527</p
The effects of a pro-active integrated care intervention for frail community-dwelling older people: a quasi-experimental study with the GP-practice as single entry point
ĐĐ”ŃĐŸĐŽĐŸĐ»ĐŸĐłĐžŃ ŃĐžĐœŃДза Đ°ŃŃ ĐžŃĐ”ĐșŃŃŃŃ ĐżŃĐŸĐłŃĐ°ĐŒĐŒĐœĐŸ-ŃĐ”Ń ĐœĐžŃĐ”ŃĐșĐŸĐłĐŸ ĐșĐŸĐŒĐżĐ»Đ”ĐșŃĐ° Đ°ĐČŃĐŸĐŒĐ°ŃОзОŃĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐœĐŸĐč ŃĐžŃŃĐ”ĐŒŃ ĐŒĐŸĐœĐžŃĐŸŃĐžĐœĐłĐ° ĐŸĐ±ŃŃĐ°ĐœĐŸĐČĐșĐž
ĐŃĐ”ĐŽĐ»ĐŸĐ¶Đ”Đœ ĐżĐŸĐŽŃ
ĐŸĐŽ Đș ĐżŃĐŸĐ”ĐșŃĐžŃĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžŃ Đ°ŃŃ
ĐžŃĐ”ĐșŃŃŃŃ ĐżŃĐŸĐłŃĐ°ĐŒĐŒĐœĐŸ-ŃĐ”Ń
ĐœĐžŃĐ”ŃĐșĐŸĐłĐŸ ĐșĐŸĐŒĐżĐ»Đ”ĐșŃĐ° Đ°ĐČŃĐŸĐŒĐ°ŃОзОŃĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐœĐŸĐč ŃĐžŃŃĐ”ĐŒŃ ĐŒĐŸĐœĐžŃĐŸŃĐžĐœĐłĐ° ĐŸĐ±ŃŃĐ°ĐœĐŸĐČĐșĐž ĐČ ŃДалŃĐœĐŸĐŒ ĐČŃĐ”ĐŒĐ”ĐœĐž, ĐŸŃĐœĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐœŃĐč ĐœĐ° ĐșлаŃŃĐžŃĐžĐșĐ°ŃОО ŃĐ”ŃĐ°Đ”ĐŒŃŃ
ŃŃĐœĐșŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐœŃŃ
Đ·Đ°ĐŽĐ°Ń ĐœĐ° ĐŸŃĐœĐŸĐČĐ” ĐŒĐ”ŃĐŸĐŽĐŸĐČ ĐșлаŃŃĐ”ŃĐœĐŸĐłĐŸ Đ°ĐœĐ°Đ»ĐžĐ·Đ° Đž ĐČŃбŃĐ°ĐœĐœĐŸĐłĐŸ ĐŒĐœĐŸĐ¶Đ”ŃŃĐČĐ° ĐżŃĐžĐ·ĐœĐ°ĐșĐŸĐČ ĐżĐŸĐŽĐŸĐ±ĐžŃ. Đ Đ°Đ·ŃĐ°Đ±ĐŸŃĐ°ĐœĐœŃĐč ĐżĐŸĐŽŃ
ĐŸĐŽ ĐżĐŸĐ·ĐČĐŸĐ»ŃĐ”Ń ĐžĐ· ĐŒĐœĐŸĐ¶Đ”ŃŃĐČĐ° ŃŃĐœĐșŃĐžĐč ŃĐžŃŃĐ”ĐŒŃ ĐČŃЎДлОŃŃ ĐżĐŸĐŽĐŸĐ±ĐœŃĐ” (ĐżĐŸ ĐŸĐżŃĐ”ĐŽĐ”Đ»Đ”ĐœĐœŃĐŒ ĐżŃĐžĐ·ĐœĐ°ĐșĐ°ĐŒ) Đž ĐŸĐ±ŃĐ”ĐŽĐžĐœĐžŃŃ ĐžŃ
ĐČ Đ°ŃŃ
ĐžŃĐ”ĐșŃŃŃĐœŃĐ” ĐșĐŸĐŒĐżĐŸĐœĐ”ĐœŃŃ (ŃĐœĐžŃĐžŃĐžŃĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐœŃĐ” ŃŃĐœĐșŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐœŃĐ” ĐŒĐŸĐŽŃлО).ĐĐ°ĐżŃĐŸĐżĐŸĐœĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐŸ ĐżŃĐŽŃ
ŃĐŽ ĐŽĐŸ ĐżŃĐŸĐ”ĐșŃŃĐČĐ°ĐœĐœŃ Đ°ŃŃ
ŃŃĐ”ĐșŃŃŃĐž ŃĐ”ĐœŃŃŃ ĐŸĐ±ŃĐŸĐ±ĐșĐž ŃĐœŃĐŸŃĐŒĐ°ŃŃŃ Đ°ĐČŃĐŸĐŒĐ°ŃĐžĐ·ĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐŸŃ ŃĐžŃŃĐ”ĐŒĐž ĐŒĐŸĐœŃŃĐŸŃĐžĐœĐłŃ ŃĐ”ŃĐ”ĐŽĐŸĐČĐžŃĐ° ĐČ ŃДалŃĐœĐŸĐŒŃ ŃĐ°ŃŃ, ŃĐŸ Đ·Đ°ŃĐœĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžĐč ĐœĐ° ĐșлаŃĐžŃŃĐșĐ°ŃŃŃ ŃŃĐœĐșŃŃĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐœĐžŃ
Đ·Đ°ĐŽĐ°Ń ĐœĐ° ĐżŃĐŽŃŃĐ°ĐČŃ ĐŒĐ”ŃĐŸĐŽŃĐČ ĐșлаŃŃĐ”ŃĐœĐŸĐłĐŸ Đ°ĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐ·Ń Ń ĐŸĐ±ŃĐ°ĐœĐŸŃ ĐŒĐœĐŸĐ¶ĐžĐœĐž ĐŸĐ·ĐœĐ°Đș ŃŃ
ĐŸĐ¶ĐŸŃŃŃ. Đ ĐŸĐ·ŃĐŸĐ±Đ»Đ”ĐœĐžĐč ĐżŃĐŽŃ
ŃĐŽ ĐŽĐŸĐ·ĐČĐŸĐ»ŃŃ ĐČОбŃĐ°ŃĐž ŃĐ· ĐŒĐœĐŸĐ¶ĐžĐœĐž ŃŃĐœĐșŃŃĐč ŃĐžŃŃĐ”ĐŒĐž ŃŃ
ĐŸĐ¶Ń (Đ·Đ° пДĐČĐœĐžĐŒĐž ĐŸĐ·ĐœĐ°ĐșĐ°ĐŒĐž) Ń ĐżĐŸŃĐŽĐœĐ°ŃĐž ŃŃ
ĐČ Đ°ŃŃ
ŃŃĐ”ĐșŃŃŃĐœŃ ĐșĐŸĐŒĐżĐŸĐœĐ”ĐœŃĐž (ŃĐœŃŃŃĐșĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœŃ ŃŃĐœĐșŃŃĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐœŃ ĐŒĐŸĐŽŃĐ»Ń).The approach to designing architecture of the information processing complex of the automated real time conditions monitoring system based on classification of functional tasks on the basis of methods of cluster analysis and the chosen set of similarity attributes is offered. The developed approach allows to allocate from a set of functions the systems similar (on certain attributes) and to unite them in architectural components (unified functional modules)
Stakeholder Salience for Small Businesses : A Social Proximity Perspective
This paper advances stakeholder salience theory from the viewpoint of small businesses. It is argued that the stakeholder salience process for small businesses is influenced by their local embeddedness, captured by the idea of social proximity, and characterised by multiple relationships that the owner-manager and stakeholders share beyond the business context. It is further stated that the ethics of care is a valuable ethical lens through which to understand social proximity in small businesses. The contribution of the study conceptualises how the perceived social proximity between local stakeholders and small business owner-managers influences managerial considerations of the legitimacy, power and urgency of stakeholders and their claims. Specifically, the paradoxical nature of close relationships in the salience process is acknowledged and discussed.Peer reviewe
International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis
Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICARâRS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICARâRSâ2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidenceâbased findings of the document. Methods: ICARâRS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidenceâbased reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidenceâbased reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICARâRSâ2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidenceâbased management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICARâRSâ2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidenceâbased recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS
A Historical Survey of the Structural Changes in the American System of Engineering Education
Development of noninvasive measurement of peripheral circulation and its medical application
Surveys were carried out on tissue blood flow measurement based on the thermal diffusion method and on the assessment of peripheral circulatory function using photosensors
Water Resources Impact Assessment Under Climate Change Scenarios in Mediterranean Watersheds
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