From early contraction to post-folding fluid evolution in the frontal part of the boixols thrust sheet (southern pyrenees) as revealed by the texture and geochemistry of calcite cements

Structural, petrological and geochemical (δ13C, δ18O, clumped isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr and ICP-MS) analyses of fracture-related calcite cements and host rocks are used to establish a fluid-flow evolution model for the frontal part of the Bóixols thrust sheet (Southern Pyrenees). Five fracture events associated with the growth of the thrust-related Bóixols anticline and Coll de Nargó syncline during the Alpine orogeny are distinguished. These fractures were cemented with four generations of calcite cements, revealing that such structures allowed the migration of different marine and meteoric fluids through time. During the early contraction stage, Lower Cretaceous seawater circulated and precipitated calcite cement Cc1, whereas during the main folding stage, the system opened to meteoric waters, which mixed with the connate seawater and precipitated calcite cement Cc2. Afterwards, during the post-folding stages, connate evaporated marine fluids circulated through newly formed NW-SE and NE-SW conjugate fractures and later through strike-slip faults and precipitated calcite cements Cc3 and Cc4. The overall paragenetic sequence reveals the progressive dewatering of Cretaceous marine host sediments during progressive burial, deformation and fold tightening and the input of meteoric waters only during the main folding stage. This study illustrates the changes of fracture systems and the associated fluid-flow regimes during the evolution of fault-associated folds during orogenic growth

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CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Teores de clorofila determinados por medidor portátil e sua relação com formas de nitrogênio em folhas de tomateiro <A NAME="top"></A>cultivados em dois tipos de solo Relations among chlorophyll contents determined by a portable meter and nitrogen forms in leaves of tomatoes cultivated in two soil types

O presente estudo objetivou determinar os teores de clorofila no limbo foliar de tomateiros submetidos a doses crescentes de nitrogênio (N), por meio de medidor portátil de clorofila SPAD-502 e por método convencional de laboratório, estabelecer a relação entre esses valores e relacioná-los com os teores de N na planta. Plantas de tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), cv. Santa Clara, cultivadas em vasos contendo amostras de um solo de textura argilosa classificado como Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo Câmbico (PVC) e de um solo de textura areia franca classificado como Areia Quartzosa (AQ), foram submetidas a cinco doses de N (25, 125, 225, 325 e 425 mg. dm-3), aplicadas parceladamente, via solução nutritiva. No início da antese do terceiro cacho, determinaram-se as concentrações de clorofila no limbo da folha oposta a ele por meio de medidor portátil de clorofila SPAD-502 e pelo método padrão de Arnon. Determinaram-se as concentrações de N-NO3 na seiva e na matéria seca do pecíolo, e as de N-NO3, N-orgânico e N-total na matéria seca do limbo. As concentrações de clorofila, avaliadas por ambos os métodos, aumentaram significativamente com o acréscimo nas doses de N, nos dois solos. Os níveis críticos de clorofila obtidos pelo método padrão foram 77,3 e 83,6 <FONT FACE="Symbol">m</FONT>g. cm-2 de limbo foliar para PVC e AQ respectivamente, enquanto, com o medidor portátil, foram de 45,5 e 43,8 unidades SPAD, para o PVC e a AQ respectivamente. O método do medidor SPAD apresentou correlações maiores que as obtidas para o de laboratório, seja com a produção de matéria seca da parte aérea, seja com as formas de N analisadas. Os dois métodos de determinação de clorofila apresentaram maiores correlações com as concentrações de N-NO3 na seiva do PVC, e com as concentrações de N-org e N-total na matéria seca do limbo na AQ. A estimativa das concentrações de clorofila nas folhas do tomateiro, expressas na forma padrão (CP), a partir das leituras obtidas no medidor SPAD, permitiu o ajuste de equação linear (CP = -77,233 + 3,54725** SPAD R2 = 0,766).<br>This work aimed to determine chlorophyll concentrations of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants cv. Santa Clara fertilized with five nitrogen (N) rates by means of conventional laboratory methodology and by the SPAD-502 portable chlorophyll meter. The relationship between chlorophyll and N values was determined by these two methods. Tomato plants were grown in pots with a clay soil classified as Cambic Red-Yellow Podsol (CRP) and a sand-course soil classified as Quartzic Sand (QS), and received five N rates (25, 125, 225, 325 and 425 mg. dm-3) sidedressed as nutrient solutions. At the onset of 3rd cluster anthesis, chlorophyll concentrations were determined in leaves opposite to this cluster by the portable chlorophyll meter SPAD-502 and at laboratory by Arnon's methodology. NO3-N was determined in petiole sap and in dry matter, while NO3-N, org-N and total-N were determined in leaf blade dry matter. Chlorophyll concentrations increased with N rates irrespective of method of determination, in both soils. Critical levels in soils CRP and QS were, respectively, 77.3 and 83.6 <FONT FACE="Symbol">m</FONT>g. cm-2 by laboratory methodology and 45.5 and 43.8 SPAD units by the portable meter. Correlation coefficients of chlorophyll concentrations with top dry weight and N forms were greater for the SPAD method. Both methods of chlorophyll determination presented greatest correlation with sap NO3-N in soil CRP, and with org-N and total-N in soil QS. The estimative of chlorophyll concentrations (laboratory method) by means of SPAD readings allowed the adjustment of a linear equation (CP = -77.233 + 3.54725** SPAD R2 = 0.766)

VCE-004.3, a cannabidiol aminoquinone derivative, prevents bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis and inflammation through PPAR\u3b3- and CB2 receptor-dependent pathways

Background and Purpose: The endocannabinoid system and PPAR\u3b3 are important targets for the development of novel compounds against fibrotic diseases such as systemic sclerosis (SSc), also called scleroderma. The aim of this study was to characterize VCE-004.3, a novel cannabidiol derivative, and study its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Experimental Approach: The binding of VCE-004.3 to CB1 and CB2 receptors and PPAR\u3b3 and its effect on their functional activities were studied in vitro and in silico. Anti-fibrotic effects of VCE-004.3 were investigated in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts and human dermal fibroblasts. To assess its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic efficacy in vivo, we used two complementary models of bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Its effect on ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by IgG from SSc patients and PDGF was also investigated. Key Results: VCE-004.3 bound to and activated PPAR\u3b3 and CB2 receptors and antagonized CB1 receptors. VCE-004.3 bound to an alternative site at the PPAR\u3b3 ligand binding pocket. VCE-004.3 inhibited collagen gene transcription and synthesis and prevented TGF\u3b2-induced fibroblast migration and differentiation to myofibroblasts. It prevented skin fibrosis, myofibroblast differentiation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Furthermore, it reduced mast cell degranulation, macrophage activation, T-lymphocyte infiltration, and the expression of inflammatory and profibrotic factors. Topical application of VCE-004.3 also alleviated skin fibrosis. Finally, VCE-004.3 inhibited PDGF-BB- and SSc IgG-induced ERK1/2 activation in fibroblasts. Conclusions and Implications: VCE-004.3 is a novel semisynthetic cannabidiol derivative that behaves as a dual PPAR\u3b3/CB2 agonist and CB1 receptor modulator that could be considered for the development of novel therapies against different forms of scleroderma

Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. 1845586. The work of T.T.K.H. was supported by grant no. 501.01-2016.02 from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED). A.O. was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no. 626/STYP/12/2017). A.S. and P.S. were supported by National Science Center-Poland (grant no. 2014/13/B/HS6/02644). Marina Butovskaya and D.D. were supported by State assignment project No. 01201370995 of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia. P.G., A.L. and N.M. were supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund-(OTKA; grant no. K125437). F.J. was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (grant no. 71971225). G.A. was supported by UKRI/GCRF Gender, Justice, Security Grant (grant no. AH/S004025/1).A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio’s relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries (n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences.National Science Foundation (NSF) 1845586National Foundation for Science & Technology Development (NAFOSTED) 501.01-2016.02Ministry of Science and Higher Education, PolandEuropean Commission 626/STYP/12/2017National Science Centre, Poland 2014/13/B/HS6/02644Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia 01201370995Orszagos Tudomanyos Kutatasi Alapprogramok (OTKA) K125437National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 71971225UKRI/GCRF Gender, Justice, Security Grant AH/S004025/

Slow-release and organic fertilizers on early growth of Rangpur lime

Slow-release and organic fertilizers are promising alternatives to conventional fertilizers, as both reduce losses by leaching, volatilization and problems of toxicity and/or salinity to plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different rates of the organic fertilizer Humato-Macota® compared with the slow-release fertilizer Osmocote® on the growth and nitrogen content in the dry matter of Rangpur lime. A field experiment was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design with an additional treatment (4 x 4 +1). The first factor consisted of four Humato­Macota® rates (0, 1, 2, and 3%) applied to the substrate; the second factor consisted of the same Humato-Macota® concentrations, but applied as fortnightly foliar sprays; the additional treatment consisted of application of 5 kgm-3 Osmocote® 18-05-09. Means of all growth characteristics (plant height, total dry matter, root/shoot ratio and leaf area) and the potential quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) were higher when plants were fertilized with the slow-release fertilizer. The organic fertilizer applied alone did not meet the N requirement of Rangpur lime