41,826 research outputs found
Co-rich cobalt platinum nanowire arrays: effects of annealing
The effects of annealing on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of Co-rich cobalt platinum nanowire arrays embedded in anodic aluminium oxide membranes have been investigated. For this purpose, a rapid thermal annealing to temperatures of 300 °C to 800 °C has been used. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy show that the nanowires have a mean diameter of 14 nm and an estimated wire density of 7.8×1010 cm-2. From x-ray diffraction patterns, we find that the nanowires are hcp and possess a preferred texture in which the c axis of the grains tends to lie along the major axis of the wire. Vibrating sample magnetometry measurements indicate that the easy axis is along the nanowire axis direction. Hysteresis loops, saturation magnetization, squareness ratio (Mr/Ms), and coercivity (perpendicular and parallel to the nanowire axis) have all been investigated as a function of the annealing temperature (TA). Coercivity parallel to the wire axis first increases with TA, attains a maximum at 600 °C (which is 150% of the as-deposited sample), and then decreases. By contrast there is relatively little change in the coercivity measured perpendicular to the wires. The saturation magnetization for the as-deposited sample is 1360 emu/cc and remains almost constant for annealing temperatures up to 500 °C: for TA>500 °C it decreases significantly. The maximum (Mr/Ms) ratio attained in this study is 0.99, the highest value reported thus far for cobalt platinum alloy nanowires. The data suggest that these materials are potential candidates for high-density magnetic recording media
Unity of elementary particles and forces for the third family
We propose a non-supersymmetric SU(5) model in which only the third family of
fermions are unified. The model remedies the non-unification of the three
Standard Model couplings in non-supersymmetric SU(5). It also provides a
mechanism for baryon number violation which is needed for the baryon asymmetry
of the Universe and is not present in the Standard Model. Current experimental
constraints on the leptoquark gauge bosons, mediating such baryon and lepton
violating interactions in our model, allow their masses to be at the TeV scale.
These can be searched for as a (b\tau) or (tt) resonance at the Large Hadron
Collider as predicted in our model.Comment: Title changed, some changes in text and figures. Published in Phys.
Lett.
Flavorful signatures at LHC and ILC
There are lots of new physics models which predict an extra neutral gauge
boson, referred as Z'-boson. In a certain class of these new physics models,
the Z'-boson has flavor-dependent couplings with the fermions in the Standard
Model (SM). Based on a simple model in which couplings of the SM fermions in
the third generation with the Z'-boson are different from those of the
corresponding fermions in the first two generations, we study the signatures of
Z'-boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International Linear
Collider (ILC). We show that at the LHC, the Z'-boson with mass around 1 TeV
can be produced through the Drell-Yan processes and its dilepton decay modes
provide us clean signatures not only for the resonant production of Z'-boson
but also for flavor-dependences of the production cross sections. We also study
fermion pair productions at the ILC involving the virtual Z'-boson exchange.
Even though the center-of-energy of the ILC is much lower than a Z'-boson mass,
the angular distributions and the forward-backward asymmetries of fermion pair
productions show not only sizable deviations from the SM predictions but also
significant flavor-dependences.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, some typos corrected, the version to appear in
PL
Hidden Gauge Symmetries: A New Possibility at the Colliders
We consider a new physics possibility at the colliders: the observation of
TeV scale massive vector bosons in the non-adjoint representations under the
Standard Model (SM) gauge symmetry. To have a unitary and renormalizable
theory, we propose a class of models with gauge symmetry where the SM fermions and Higgs fields
are singlets under the hidden gauge symmetry , and such massive
vector bosons appear after the gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken down to
the SM gauge symmetry. We discuss the model with SU(5) hidden gauge symmetry in
detail, and comment on the generic phenomenological implications.Comment: RevTex4, 5 pages, Discussions and References added, PLB versio
Effect of autofrettage in the thick-walled cylinder with a radial cross-bore
The effect of autofrettage on the stress level in thick-walled cylinders with a radial cross-bore is investigated by applying inelastic finite element analysis with cyclic pressure loading. A macro is created in ANSYS to calculate the equivalent alternating stress intensity, S-eq, based on the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The value of S-eq is used to evaluate the fatigue life of the vessel. For a specific cyclic load level, a distinct optimum autofrettage pressure is identified by plotting autofrettage pressure against the number of cycles from design fatigue data. The fatigue life of the autofrettaged vessel with such an optimum pressure is increased compared with the case where no autofrettage is used
Correlation of mechanical factors and gallbladder pain
Acalculous biliary pain occurs in patients with no gallstones, but is similar to that experienced by patients with gallstones. Surgical removal of the gallbladder (GB) in these patients is only successful in providing relief of symptoms to about half of those operated on, so a reliable pain-prediction model is needed. In this paper, a mechanical model is developed for the human biliary system during the emptying phase, based on a clinical test in which GB volume changes are measured in response to a standard stimulus and a recorded pain profile. The model can describe the bile emptying behaviour, the flow resistance in the biliary ducts, the peak total stress, including the passive and active stresses experienced by the GB during emptying. This model is used to explore the potential link between GB pain and mechanical factors. It is found that the peak total normal stress may be used as an effective pain indicator for GB pain. When this model is applied to clinical data of volume changes due to Cholecystokinin stimulation and pain from 37 patients, it shows a promising success rate of 88.2% in positive pain prediction
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