Management of patients with advanced prostate cancer. Report from the 2024 advanced prostate cancer consensus conference (APCCC)

© in press The Authors. Published by Elsevier. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2024.09.017BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Innovations have improved outcomes in advanced prostate cancer (PC). Nonetheless, we continue to lack high-level evidence on a variety of topics that greatly impact daily practice. The 2024 Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC) surveyed experts on key questions in clinical management in order to supplement evidence-based guidelines. Here we present voting results for questions from APCCC 2024. METHODS: Before the conference, a panel of 120 international PC experts used a modified Delphi process to develop 183 multiple-choice consensus questions on eight different topics. Before the conference, these questions were administered via a web-based survey to the voting panel members ("panellists"). KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: Consensus was a priori defined as ≥75% agreement, with strong consensus defined as ≥90% agreement. The voting results show varying degrees of consensus, as discussed in this article and detailed in the Supplementary material. These findings do not include a formal literature review or meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The voting results can help physicians and patients navigate controversial areas of clinical management for which high-level evidence is scant or conflicting. The findings can also help funders and policymakers in prioritising areas for future research. Diagnostic and treatment decisions should always be individualised on the basis of patient and cancer characteristics, and should incorporate current and emerging clinical evidence, guidelines, and logistic and economic factors. Enrolment in clinical trials is always strongly encouraged. Importantly, APCCC 2024 once again identified important gaps (areas of nonconsensus) that merit evaluation in specifically designed trials.Published onlin

Calcium hydroxide root canal sealers - Histopathologic evaluation of apical and periapical repair after endodontic treatment

Eighty root canals of the premolars of 4 dogs, with vital pulp, were instrumented and filled during the same session with the Sealapex, CRCS, Sealer 26, and Apexit sealers, the animals were sacrificed 180 days after root canal filling and their maxillae and mandibles were removed and fixed in 10% formalin, After routine histologic processing, the sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory trichrome, Histopathologic analysis showed that Sealapex was the sealer that best permitted the deposition of mineralized tissue at the apical level and was the only sealer that provided complete sealing (37.5% of cases), With the use of Sealapex, no inflammatory infiltrate occurred and there was no reabsorption of mineralized tissues, In contrast, partial sealing and a moderate inflammatory infiltrate occurred with the use of CRCS, When Apexit and Sealer 26 were used the absence of sealing was frequent and active reabsorption of mineralized tissues occurred in most cases, the inflammatory infiltrate predominating with the use of Apexit was of the severe type, whereas with the use of Sealer 26 the inflammatory infiltrate was mild or absent.USP, Departamento de PEDIAT DENT, RIBEIRAO PRETO SCH DENT,SAO PAULO,BRAZILUNESP, ARARAQUARA DENT SCH, DEPT MORPHOL, BR-14041385 ARARAQUARA,SP,BRAZILUNESP, ARARAQUARA DENT SCH, DEPT MORPHOL, BR-14041385 ARARAQUARA,SP,BRAZI

Dental Caries, Developmental Defects of Enamel and Enamel Microhardness Associated with Genetic Polymorphisms in the RANK/RANKL/OPG System

Purpose: Recent studies have suggested that disruptions in the RANKL/RANK/OPG system might be involved in enamel conditions. The aim of this study was to test whether genetic polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL and OPG are associated with dental caries, developmental defects of enamel (DDE) and enamel microhardness. Study design: Saliva samples were collected from two subsets for the purpose of genomic DNA extraction. In the first subset, composed of 248 children, dental caries and DDE were evaluated during their clinical examination. In the second subset, composed of 72 children, enamel samples from the buccal surface of primary teeth were used for enamel microhardness analysis. Genetic polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL and OPG were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reactions in all samples from both populations. The chi-square test was used for dental caries and DDE analysis while, one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-test was used for microhardness analysis. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was also calculated. The established alpha was 5%. Results: Caries experience analysis demonstrated a statistically-significant difference for OPG allele distribution in primary dentition (p=0.033). The studied polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL and OPG were not associated with DDE or enamel microhardness (p&amp;gt;0.05). Conclusion: The genetic polymorphism rs2073618 in OPG is associated with dental caries experience in primary dentition.</jats:p

Calcium hydroxide root canal sealers: Evaluation of pH, calcium ion concentration and conductivity

The calcium hydroxide ionization of four root canal sealers (Sealapex, CRCS, Sealer 26, and Apexit) was studied by measuring conductivity and pH and by conducting atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Samples 6 mm in diameter and 15 mm long were prepared from these sealers. After setting and 48 h storage in a desiccator, five samples of each material were placed in 50 mL distilled water and analysed after 0,1,2,4, 6 and 24 h and 5, 15 and 30 days. The results showed that Sealapex was the root canal sealer showing the highest pH, ionic calcium and total calcium values (P<0.05) throughout the experimental period, followed by CRCS, Apexit and Sealer 26.Department of Pediatric Dentistry Ribeirão Preto Dental School USPDepartment of Endodontics Araraquara Dental School UNESPDepartment of Physical Chemistry Ribeirão Preto Sch. of Pharm. USPDepartment of Endodontics Araraquara Dental School UNESP, Rua Humaitá, 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SPDepartment of Endodontics Araraquara Dental School UNESPDepartment of Endodontics Araraquara Dental School UNESP, Rua Humaitá, 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, S

Calcium hydroxide root canal sealers: Evaluation of pH, calcium ion concentration and conductivity

The calcium hydroxide ionization of four root canal sealers (Sealapex, CRCS, Sealer 26, and Apexit) was studied by measuring conductivity and pH and by conducting atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Samples 6 mm in diameter and 15 mm long were prepared from these sealers. After setting and 48 h storage in a desiccator, five samples of each material were placed in 50 mL distilled water and analysed after 0,1,2,4, 6 and 24 h and 5, 15 and 30 days. The results showed that Sealapex was the root canal sealer showing the highest pH, ionic calcium and total calcium values (P<0.05) throughout the experimental period, followed by CRCS, Apexit and Sealer 26

The Project Manager&rsquo;s Core Competencies in Smart Building Project Management

Project manager competencies have been widely discussed in the literature. Although many works present lists of competencies for project managers, specific competencies for smart buildings were not found. This work aimed to identify the main competencies of project managers for the management of smart building projects. The methodology consisted of a two-step approach using the guidelines of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) to perform broad and detailed bibliographic research. Initially, a literature review was carried out to identify the main research fields related to the management of smart building projects and the specificities of these fields that can influence the management of this type of project. Next, these specificities were related to the competencies of project managers mentioned in the literature, to identify a set of more relevant competencies for project managers of smart building projects. The results showed that the main research fields are related to scope, risks, costs, schedule, technologies and systems, sustainability, and general characterization, which consider objectives, barriers, challenges, and regulations. They also showed that the most relevant competencies for managing smart buildings projects are technical competencies, leadership, communication, budgeting, attitudes toward risk, strategic management, organization, and specifying real requirements. These findings show the importance of hard and soft skills for managing smart building projects