Inclusão escolar: a perspectiva das mães de alunos com Síndrome de Down

The research aimed to know the perception of the parents on the pertaining to school life of their child with Down syndrome. Its objective was to identify feelings, to know experiences and factors that contribute or make the process difficult, bringing in the problematic of inclusion in regular public system of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. A qualitative research, with five mothers, was carried through. The data collected in semistructuralized interview had been analyzed based on Bardin (2002). Three final categories had emerged: the search for the inclusion of the child with Down syndrome; the fragility of the inclusion in the regular education net; the contributions and difficulties of the inclusion process in regular schools. Results point that the disparities between what it is ranked as ideal and what it carries through in the practical way is seen by mothers as an inefficient and harmful process to the mental health of children. Disturbing experiences are provoked by the lack of observation of what can be found in the inclusive rank of laws and rules, making the mothers feel hurt, sadness, and frustration. The inclusion law shows that there’s an obligation in accepting all the children without distinction, however, it does not show the ways to make it possible, or how to include each context, taking into account its especificities, what makes each experience singular. A single solution is difficult to point out, since the school was constituted, and still remains, as an exculpatory institution. However, the task to include the child with Down syndrome passes for the commitment to discover and organize actions to solve, in an adequate way, the people’s expectations.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984686X5908 Este trabalho surge da necessidade de se investigar o que dizem os manuais diagnósticos acerca da deficiência mental, principalmente, no que se refere ao conceito de deficiência mental, aos critérios de diagnóstico e classificação. Na presente pesquisa trabalhou-se com: o Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais – DSM-IV (2002); a Classificação Internacional das Doenças – CID-10, (OMS, 1993); a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde – CIF, (OMS, 2003); e com Retardo mental: definição, classificação e sistemas de apoio (AAMR, 2002). Os pressupostos teóricos do pensamento sistêmico serviram de ferramenta analítica do material investigado. Foi possível observar uma estreita ligação entre a proposição teórica dos diferentes manuais. Apesar da existência de algumas diferenças, essas mudanças não chegam a produzir uma ruptura epistemológica nas formas de se conceber e identificar o fenômeno em questão, apresentando-se filiada aos pressupostos tradicionais do pensamento científico. Entende-se que a compreensão teórico-conceitual a respeito do fenômeno da deficiência mental traz implicações diretas na proposição e nas configurações das práticas pedagógicas, justificando-se, desta forma, realização desse estudo

Corpus compilation: Representativeness and the CORPOBRAS

This paper discusses an important parameter in corpus design and compilation: representativeness. This parameter is related to the need to include in corpora texts that represent several uses of the language so that comprehensive descriptions can be developed. The paper also presents a corpus of Brazilian Portuguese – CORPOBRAS – that comprises 27 discourse genres and is guided by the representativeness parameter. The paper finally lists several corpus-based studies that draw upon CORPOBRAS data. Key words: CORPOBRAS, corpus linguistics, genre variation, representativeness, oral and written discourse

O USO DE ATIVIDADES PRÁTICAS NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA VIVENCIADO NO PROGRAMA RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA

Resumo: O Programa de Residência Pedagógica (RP) tem como objetivo fazer com que os alunos experimentem a regência no ambiente escolar, identificando quais são os fatores que atuam no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, familiarizando-se com as ações inerentes a prática docente, pois planejam aulas, elaboram materiais que colaboram na ação educativa em sala de aula. Assim, o RP foi de suma importância para a nossa formação enquanto licenciandos, pois nos proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional no espaço escolar. Além disso, a vasta experiência na escola campo em constante contato com a regência e com as orientações do coordenador e do preceptor de forma contínua permitiu compreender melhor os aspectos escolares e indispensavelmente as metodologias de ensino a serem aplicadas, de acordo com as necessidades de cada turma. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar uma experiência vivenciada nos períodos de maio de 2021 a março de 2022, em uma escola da rede pública estadual da cidade de Anápolis, Goiás, Brasil. Palavras-chave: Biologia, Educação, Ensino-aprendizagem, Residência Pedagógica

Association between breastfeeding and complementary feeding in pre-pandemic and pandemic COVID-19 times : maternar cohort study

Objective: Evaluate the association between breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at six months and the introduction of complementary feeding during the pre-pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic periods. Methods: Cohort study conducted with puerperal women and their newborns in the immediate postpartum period at a reference maternity hospital in Southern Brazil between 2018-2020. The COVID-19 pandemic period and the need to work outside the home during restricted circulation were the factors of exposure. The outcome evaluated was the weaning in the first six months (breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding) and the introduction of complementary feeding before the sixth month of life. Results: 547 puerperal women and their newborns were included. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a higher risk to weaning of exclusive breastfeeding up until six months (RR 1.16; 95%CI 1.03-1.31) and introducing complementary feeding early (RR 1.40; 95%CI 1.01-1.96). The need to work outside the home during the COVID-19 pandemic increased the risk of not breastfeeding exclusively at the sixth month (RR 1.27; 95%CI 1.08-1.49). Conclusions: The difficulties of the pandemic did reflect negatively on breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. The pandemic was a risk factor for the early weaning of exclusive breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary feeding. However, not having to work outside the home during the pandemic period was a protective factor for exclusive breastfeeding at six months

Study of the Technical Feasibility of the Use of Polypropylene Residue in Composites for Automotive Industry

Polypropylene (PP) is widely used in short-term use artifacts, rapidly discarded and should partially replace neat PP. In addition, it is one of the polymers most used in the automobile industry. This study shows the technical feasibility of partially substituting neat PP for a post-consumer counterpart (PPr), as well as adding ground glass (GP), used as filler in the polymer matrix. Mechanical and thermal properties of the recycled blends (PP/PPr) and composites (PP/PPr/GP) were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the blend with the highest PPr content obtained a statistically significant decline in elastic modulus, but adding 5 wt% of GP to this blend increased this property, achieving a similar value in relation to neat PP. The composite developed may be a promising tailor-made product with properties resembling those of the virgin plastic. Thus, the automotive industry seems to be a good option for the use of PPr and GP composites and blends, without increasing product requirements

Conhecimento de idosos de uma comunidade rural do semiárido sobre plantas medicinais / Knowledge of elderly of a rural community of semi-arid on medicinal plants

O Brasil tem um grande potencial em termos de biodiversidade nos diversos biomas brasileiros, inclusive na caatinga, que se traduz em grande potencial farmacológico. A população idosa é detentora de conhecimentos tradicionais sobre o uso medicinal das plantas, o que contribui de forma significativa para pesquisas relacionadas à etnobotânica. O objetivo desse trabalho foi registrar o conhecimento de uma comunidade rural do semiárido baiano sobre as plantas da caatinga utilizadas como medicinais. O estudo foi realizado com realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas (ou informais), com idosos da comunidade rural de Carnaíba do Sertão, sede do distrito rural de Carnaíba no município de Juazeiro-BA. Foi empregada a técnica “bola de neve” para selecionar idosos informantes. A amostra foi constituída de 14 idosos que se declararam conhecedores de plantas medicinais e que declararam que desejavam participar da pesquisa. Foram registradas 53 plantas indicadas como medicinais, com 215 citações de indicação de uso. Os usos terapêuticos das plantas estavam relacionados com o tratamento de doenças ou sintomas relacionados com o sistema nervoso, cardiorespiratório, geniturinário, digestivo, osteomuscular, tegumentar. Dentre as plantas citadas 11 delas tiveram confirmação de uso com base em levantamento bibliográfico, são elas: alecrim, alecrim-pimenta, aroeira, barbatimão, babosa, carqueja, goiabeira, juazeiro, macela, melão de são Caetano e quebra-pedra

HIGH DOSE ORAL BUSULFAN and INTRAVENOUS MELPHALAN AS CONDITIONING THERAPY for AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANT (HSCT) for the TREATMENT of PEDIATRIC SOLID TUMORS

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Inst Oncol Pediat, GRAACC, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Inst Oncol Pediat, GRAACC, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Checklist of the birds of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil: diversity and conservation

Several phytogeographic regions (Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, Gran Chaco, and Chiquitano Dry Forests) converge in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and influence regional biodiversity. Despite a list of birds in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul being published by Nunes et al. (2017), it is necessary to update and critically review avifauna records. In this study, we gathered the results of several records obtained from species lists and online data platforms of the 336 sites in this state over the last decades and grouped them into Main (Primary and Secondary) and Tertiary Lists. The avifauna of Mato Grosso do Sul is composed of 678 species, of which 643 (95%) have records proving their occurrence (Primary List), whereas 34 still lack documentation (Secondary List). The number of related species for Mato Grosso do Sul represents 34% of the Brazilian avifauna. Some species stand out for their unique occurrence in Mato Grosso do Sul, such as Melanerpes cactorum, Celeus lugubris, Phaethornis subochraceus, and Cantorchilus guarayanus, reflecting the influence of different phytogeographic regions of the Chaco and Chiquitano Dry Forests. Migrants represent 20% of the bird community occurring in the state, of which 93 species correspond to migrants from various regions of South America (south and west) and 40 to boreal migrants. Thirty-three species perform nomadic movements across the Pantanal Plain and other regions of the state. Thirty-one species are included in some conservation-threatened categories of global and/or national endangered species lists. Other 30 species are included in the near-threatened category at the global level and 23 at the national level. In addition, species typical of dry forests (in Serra da Bodoquena and Maciço do Urucum) and those from the Atlantic Forest in the south of the state deserve attention due to their restricted distribution and the high anthropogenic pressure on their habitat

Checklist of the birds of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil: diversity and conservation

Several phytogeographic regions (Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, Gran Chaco, and Chiquitano Dry Forests) converge in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and influence regional biodiversity. Despite a list of birds in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul being published by Nunes et al. (2017), it is necessary to update and critically review avifauna records. In this study, we gathered the results of several records obtained from species lists and online data platforms of the 336 sites in this state over the last decades and grouped them into Main (Primary and Secondary) and Tertiary Lists. The avifauna of Mato Grosso do Sul is composed of 678 species, of which 643 (95%) have records proving their occurrence (Primary List), whereas 34 still lack documentation (Secondary List). The number of related species for Mato Grosso do Sul represents 34% of the Brazilian avifauna. Some species stand out for their unique occurrence in Mato Grosso do Sul, such as Melanerpes cactorum, Celeus lugubris, Phaethornis subochraceus, and Cantorchilus guarayanus, reflecting the influence of different phytogeographic regions of the Chaco and Chiquitano Dry Forests. Migrants represent 20% of the bird community occurring in the state, of which 93 species correspond to migrants from various regions of South America (south and west) and 40 to boreal migrants. Thirty-three species perform nomadic movements across the Pantanal Plain and other regions of the state. Thirty-one species are included in some conservation-threatened categories of global and/or national endangered species lists. Other 30 species are included in the near-threatened category at the global level and 23 at the national level. In addition, species typical of dry forests (in Serra da Bodoquena and Maciço do Urucum) and those from the Atlantic Forest in the south of the state deserve attention due to their restricted distribution and the high anthropogenic pressure on their habitat