Análisis sobre vivienda de emergencia y transicional para refugiados en madera contralaminada

[CA] Un dels temes més importants a resoldre dels últims anys són les migracions provocades per conflictes bèl·lics, on la població local es veu obligada a deixar tota la seua vida arrere i enfrontar-se a un nou començament en un país diferent, desproveïts de tota possessió. És en els països d'acollida on s'han de resoldre els problemes del refugi i integració social en els casos en què no és possible tornar als països d'origen, almenys en un període d'anys raonable. A este problema se li afig de forma puntual els generats per catàstrofes naturals que necessiten una ràpida solució d'emergència, que també afecta l'allotjament de les persones afectades. En el present treball es planteja l'anàlisi quant a les vivendes d'emergència i de transició es referix, comparant-les entre elles per tal de traure els punts comuns que els atorguen major èxit, així com els avantatges i inconvenients de cada model. Una vegada realitzat l'anàlisi es projectarà una proposta de solució global basada en la prefabricació per mitjà de fusta contralaminada que puga servir tant per a la crisi migratòria com per a les catàstrofes naturals. Aquest model podrà evolucionar i expandir-se fins a convertir-se en vivenda permanent. Finalment, es realitzarà un estudi dels possibles emplaçaments en la ciutat de València. Amb aquesta finalitat, s’utilitzaran els solars propietat de l'Ajuntament de València i Generalitat Valenciana que es troben amb capacitat de desenrotllament i es realitzarà una proposta d'assentament de refugiats segons el model abans proposat.[ES] Uno de los temas más importantes a resolver de los últimos años son las migraciones provocadas por conflictos bélicos, donde la población local se ve obligada a dejar toda su vida atrás y enfrentarse a un nuevo comienzo en un país diferente, desprovistos de toda posesión. Es en los países de acogida donde se deben resolver los problemas del refugio e integración social en los casos en los que no es posible volver a los países de origen, al menos en un periodo de años razonable. A este problema se le añade de forma puntual los generados por catástrofes naturales que necesitan una rápida solución de emergencia, que también afecta al alojamiento de las personas afectadas. En el presente trabajo se plantea el análisis en cuanto a las viviendas de emergencia y de transición se refiere, comparándolas entre ellas para sacar los puntos comunes que les otorgan mayor éxito, así como las ventajas e inconvenientes de cada modelo. Una vez realizado el análisis se proyectará una propuesta de solución global basada en la prefabricación mediante madera contralaminada que pueda servir tanto para la crisis migratoria como para las catástrofes naturales. Dicho modelo podrá evolucionar y expandirse hasta convertirse en vivienda permanente. Por último, se realizará un estudio de los posibles emplazamientos en la ciudad de Valencia. Para ello se utilizarán los solares propiedad del Ayuntamiento de Valencia y Generalitat Valenciana que se encuentren con capacidad de desarrollo y se realizará una propuesta de asentamiento de refugiados según el modelo antes propuesto.[EN] One of the most important issues to be resolved in recent years is the migration caused by armed conflicts, where the local population is forced to leave their whole lives behind and face a new beginning in a different country, devoid of any possession. It is in the host countries where the problems of refuge and social integration must be resolved in cases where it is not possible to return to the countries of origin, at least within a reasonable period of years. To this problem is added in a timely manner those generated by natural catastrophes that need a rapid emergency solution, which also affects the accommodation of the affected people. In the present essay, the analysis of emergency and transitional housing is considered, comparing them among them in order to extract the common points that give them the most success, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each model. Once the analysis is done, a proposal for a global solution based on prefabrication by means of contralaminated wood that could serve both the migratory crisis and natural catastrophes will be projected. This model may evolve and expand to become permanent housing. Finally, a study of the possible locations in the city of Valencia will be carried out. For this purpose, the sandlots owned by the City Council of Valencia and the Generalitat Valenciana that have a capacity for development will be used and a proposal for refugee settlement will be made according to the model previously proposed.López Piqueras, CE. (2018). Análisis sobre vivienda de emergencia y transicional para refugiados en madera contralaminada. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/115388TFG

Search for pairs of highly collimated photon-jets in pp collisions at s =13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for the pair production of photon-jets - collimated groupings of photons - in the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. Highly collimated photon-jets can arise from the decay of new, highly boosted particles that can decay to multiple photons collimated enough to be identified in the electromagnetic calorimeter as a single, photonlike energy cluster. Data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.7 fb-1, were collected in 2015 and 2016. Candidate photon-jet pair production events are selected from those containing two reconstructed photons using a set of identification criteria much less stringent than that typically used for the selection of photons, with additional criteria applied to provide improved sensitivity to photon-jets. Narrow excesses in the reconstructed diphoton mass spectra are searched for. The observed mass spectra are consistent with the Standard Model background expectation. The results are interpreted in the context of a model containing a new, high-mass scalar particle with narrow width, X, that decays into pairs of photon-jets via new, light particles, a. Upper limits are placed on the cross section times the product of branching ratios σ×B(X→aa)×B(a→γγ)2 for 200 GeV<mX<2 TeV and for ranges of ma from a lower mass of 100 MeV up to between 2 and 10 GeV, depending upon mX. Upper limits are also placed on σ×B(X→aa)×B(a→3π0)2 for the same range of mX and for ranges of ma from a lower mass of 500 MeV up to between 2 and 10 GeV.Peer Reviewe

Pasados y presente. Estudios para el profesor Ricardo García Cárcel

Ricardo García Cárcel (Requena, 1948) estudió Historia en Valencia bajo el magisterio de Joan Reglà, con quien formó parte del primer profesorado de historia moderna en la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. En esta universidad, desde hace prácticamente cincuenta años, ha desarrollado una extraordinaria labor docente y de investigación marcada por un sagaz instinto histórico, que le ha convertido en pionero de casi todo lo que ha estudiado: las Germanías, la historia de la Cataluña moderna, la Inquisición, las culturas del Siglo de Oro, la Leyenda Negra, Felipe II, Felipe V, Austrias y Borbones, la guerra de la Independencia, la historia cultural, los mitos de la historia de España... Muy pocos tienen su capacidad para reflexionar, ordenar, analizar, conceptualizar y proponer una visión amplia y llena de matices sobre el pasado y las interpretaciones historiográficas. A su laboriosidad inimitable se añade una dedicación sin límites en el asesoramiento de alumnos e investigadores e impulsando revistas, dosieres, seminarios o publicaciones colectivas. Una mínima correspondencia a su generosidad lo constituye este volumen a manera de ineludible agradecimiento

Time to Switch to Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Europe and Thailand.

Background: Data on durability of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are limited. We assessed time to switch to second-line therapy in 16 European countries and Thailand. Methods: Children aged <18 years initiating combination ART (≥2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors [NRTIs] plus nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor [NNRTI] or boosted protease inhibitor [PI]) were included. Switch to second-line was defined as (i) change across drug class (PI to NNRTI or vice versa) or within PI class plus change of ≥1 NRTI; (ii) change from single to dual PI; or (iii) addition of a new drug class. Cumulative incidence of switch was calculated with death and loss to follow-up as competing risks. Results: Of 3668 children included, median age at ART initiation was 6.1 (interquartile range (IQR), 1.7-10.5) years. Initial regimens were 32% PI based, 34% nevirapine (NVP) based, and 33% efavirenz based. Median duration of follow-up was 5.4 (IQR, 2.9-8.3) years. Cumulative incidence of switch at 5 years was 21% (95% confidence interval, 20%-23%), with significant regional variations. Median time to switch was 30 (IQR, 16-58) months; two-thirds of switches were related to treatment failure. In multivariable analysis, older age, severe immunosuppression and higher viral load (VL) at ART start, and NVP-based initial regimens were associated with increased risk of switch. Conclusions: One in 5 children switched to a second-line regimen by 5 years of ART, with two-thirds failure related. Advanced HIV, older age, and NVP-based regimens were associated with increased risk of switch

Tech School: Completando Benimàmet

[ES] En 2018 se da por finalizado las obras que tienen como finalidad la implantación de un parque lineal en Benimàmet, el cual está constituido por 1200 m de paseo peatonal, además, cuenta también con carril bici, zonas de juego de niños, zonas arboladas, entre otros. Este parque lineal surge tras el soterramiento de las vías que separaban y articulaban Benimàmet en dos partes. Junto al extremo del parque lineal próximo a la Feria de Valencia se encuentra el solar donde se ubicará el proyecto objeto de estudio en el presente Trabajo Final de Máster. Se plantea en este solar un equipamiento público de carácter cultural en donde se generarán zonas verdes y de estancia para acompañar y complementar al final del parque lineal. Este solar se encuentra en un pequeño desnivel con respecto al parque lineal próximo a este que se deberá tener en cuenta y proyectar para relacionar la parte superior del parque lineal con la parte inferior donde se encontrará el equipamiento. En cuanto al equipamiento este será un Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos Avanzados (CETA) el cual formará a los alumnos de los diferentes grados superiores de los que se compone el centro, en los ámbitos de electricidad y electrónica; imagen y sonido; e informática y telecomunicaciones. Además de lo citado, el equipamiento contará con espacios de servicios públicos como cafetería, gimnasio cubierto, zonas de estancia exteriores, entre otros. El proyecto objeto de estudio se encuentra muy bien comunicado con la ciudad de Valencia ya que bajo el parque lineal se ubican las vías del metro de la línea 2, contando con la estación de metro, Les Carolines/Fira, muy próximo a la dotación. Además, se ubica cerca de otro gran equipamiento consolidado en cuanto a accesos y conexión con la ciudad de Valencia como es la Feria de Valencia, con lo que a priori el nuevo equipamiento no parece tener problemas de conexión con la ciudad de Valencia.[EN] In 2018 the works that are aimed at the implementation of a linear park in Benimàmet, which is constituted by 1200 m of pedestrian promenade, is completed, in addition, also has bike lane, children's play areas, wooded areas, among others. This linear park comes up after the burial of the tracks that separated and articulated Benimàmet in two parts. Next to the end of the linear park, which is close to the Feria de Valencia , we can find the lot where the project object of study will be located in the present Master's Final Project. A public facility of cultural nature is set up in this lot, where green and rest areas will be generated to join and complement the end of the linear park. This lot is in a small unevenness respect to the linear park next to this one that must be taken into account and designed to link the upper part of the linear park with the lower part where the equipment will be found. As for the equipment, this will be a Center of Advanced Technological Studies (CATS) which will educate the students of the different higher grades of which the center is composed, in the fields of electricity and electronics; Image and sound; and IT and telecommunications. In addition to the aforementioned, the equipment will have spaces for public services such as a lunch counter, covered gym, outdoor rest areas, among others. The project under study is very well connected to the city of Valencia, since under the linear park we can find the subway tracks of line 2, with the metro station of Les Carolines / Fira , very close to the endowment. In addition, it is located near another large consolidated equipment in terms of access and connection to the city of Valencia as it is the Feria de Valencia , which for the momento the new equipment does not seem to have connection problems with the city of Valencia.López Piqueras, CE. (2020). Tech School: Completando Benimàmet. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/168980TFG

HARMONI at ELT: overview of the capabilities and expected performance of the ELT's first light, adaptive optics assisted integral field spectrograph.

International audienc

Switching TNF antagonists in patients with chronic arthritis: An observational study of 488 patients over a four-year period

The objective of this work is to analyze the survival of infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab in patients who have switched among tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists for the treatment of chronic arthritis. BIOBADASER is a national registry of patients with different forms of chronic arthritis who are treated with biologics. Using this registry, we have analyzed patient switching of TNF antagonists. The cumulative discontinuation rate was calculated using the actuarial method. The log-rank test was used to compare survival curves, and Cox regression models were used to assess independent factors associated with discontinuing medication. Between February 2000 and September 2004, 4,706 patients were registered in BIOBADASER, of whom 68% had rheumatoid arthritis, 11% ankylosing spondylitis, 10% psoriatic arthritis, and 11% other forms of chronic arthritis. One- and two-year drug survival rates of the TNF antagonist were 0.83 and 0.75, respectively. There were 488 patients treated with more than one TNF antagonist. In this situation, survival of the second TNF antagonist decreased to 0.68 and 0.60 at 1 and 2 years, respectively. Survival was better in patients replacing the first TNF antagonist because of adverse events (hazard ratio (HR) for discontinuation 0.55 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34-0.84)), and worse in patients older than 60 years (HR 1.10 (95% CI 0.97-2.49)) or who were treated with infliximab (HR 3.22 (95% CI 2.13-4.87)). In summary, in patients who require continuous therapy and have failed to respond to a TNF antagonist, replacement with a different TNF antagonist may be of use under certain situations. This issue will deserve continuous reassessment with the arrival of new medications. © 2006 Gomez-Reino and Loreto Carmona; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

High PEEP with recruitment maneuvers versus Low PEEP During General Anesthesia for Surgery -a Bayesian individual patient data meta-analysis of three randomized clinical trials

Background: The influence of high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with recruitment maneuvers on the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications after surgery is still not definitively established. Bayesian analysis can help to gain further insights from the available data and provide a probabilistic framework that is easier to interpret. Our objective was to estimate the posterior probability that the use of high PEEP with recruitment maneuvers is associated with reduced postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with intermediate-to-high risk under neutral, pessimistic, and optimistic expectations regarding the treatment effect. Methods: Multilevel Bayesian logistic regression analysis on individual patient data from three randomized clinical trials carried out on surgical patients at Intermediate-to-High Risk for postoperative pulmonary complications. The main outcome was the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications in the early postoperative period. We studied the effect of high PEEP with recruitment maneuvers versus Low PEEP Ventilation. Priors were chosen to reflect neutral, pessimistic, and optimistic expectations of the treatment effect. Results: Using a neutral, pessimistic, or optimistic prior, the posterior mean odds ratio (OR) for High PEEP with recruitment maneuvers compared to Low PEEP was 0.85 (95% Credible Interval [CrI] 0.71 to 1.02), 0.87 (0.72 to 1.04), and 0.86 (0.71 to 1.02), respectively. Regardless of prior beliefs, the posterior probability of experiencing a beneficial effect exceeded 90%. Subgroup analysis indicated a more pronounced effect in patients who underwent laparoscopy (OR: 0.67 [0.50 to 0.87]) and those at high risk for PPCs (OR: 0.80 [0.53 to 1.13]). Sensitivity analysis, considering severe postoperative pulmonary complications only or applying a different heterogeneity prior, yielded consistent results. Conclusion: High PEEP with recruitment maneuvers demonstrated a moderate reduction in the probability of PPC occurrence, with a high posterior probability of benefit observed consistently across various prior beliefs, particularly among patients who underwent laparoscopy