Insight into the copper-catalyzed borylation of strained alkenes

This document is the accepted manuscript version of a published work that appeared in final form in Synlett 2015; 26(04): 494-500, copyright © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final online work see DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1379882The copper-catalyzed hydro- and carboboration of strain alkenes is presented. The reaction is highly diastereoselective and affords boronic ester derivatives many of which are difficult to synthesize by known methods. Competition experiments with different alkenes show that high levels of chemoselectivity can be achieved. DFT calculations are in agreement with the observed chemoselectivityWe thank the European Research Council (ERC-337776) and MINECO (CTQ2012-35957 and CTQ2013-43698-P) for financial support. M. T. and S. D.-T thank MINECO for RyC contracts. A. P. thanks MINECO for JyC contrac

Multidisciplinary Studies, Crossreading and Transversal Use of Thermography: The Castle of Monzón (Huesca) as a case study

[EN] The study carried out at the castle of Monzón (Huesca) while developing the Master Plan for the preservation of the site clearly aims at efficient interaction between different studies by several groups of experts in various disciplines. The various studies were coordinated jointly in order to offer a comprehensive analysis of the monument, intertwining approaches and points of views. Among the techniques used, thermography was especially interesting because of its flexibility and adaptability in several applications: from helping to identify materials to the detection of hidden pathologies. The efficiency of thermography for emphasizing different phenomena can only be improved by combining with other survey and analysis techniques. Synoptic plans allow these techniques to enrich the information available, reaching greater accuracy in determining materials and pathologies.Mileto, C.; Vegas López-Manzanares, F.; Lerma García, JL. (2015). Multidisciplinary Studies, Crossreading and Transversal Use of Thermography: The Castle of Monzón (Huesca) as a case study. En Defensive architecture of the mediterranean: XV to XVIII centuries. Vol. II. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 405-412. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2015.2015.1786OCS40541

A virtual classroom for architectural composition subject: a reflection about opportunities and limits

[EN] This text aims to be a general reflection about the implementation of a virtual classroom, for the subject of Architectural Composition, as a compulsory subject in the framework of "Architecture Degree", teached in the Higher Technical School of Architecture, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain. Considering the general circumstancies (caused by Coronavirus, above all starting from spring 2020) the experience can be understood as an interesting tool to help others theorical subjects involved in the same framework. In this context, the text proposes to carry out a synthesis of details and methods structured in the subject 's dynamics because of the sanitary circustancies . In this frame the subject's program has been modified to to fit with specific mechanisms of remote teaching. In a scenario of a real " moment of crisis", the subject has been fully adapted and organized to new teaching frameworks. In this context, the text describes the methodological guidelines developed for the creation of a virtual classroom and, at the same time, the text proposes to figure out the tools used to achieve f teaching and learning objectives with the help new technologies. This adaptation has implied a series of limitations and difficulties, as well as a whole range of opportunities and pedagogical resources to be used in a new way. In addition, there are several common aspects between face-to-face teaching and on line strategies that the paper tries to define and clarify.This text is part of the Project for Educational Innovation and Improvement ARQUITECTURA CRÍTICA. Desarrollo de una metodología para trabajar la competencia transversal de Pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de arquitectura, main researcher: C. Mileto, funded by the Institute of Education Sciences of the Universitat Politècnica de València.Cristini, V.; García-Soriano, L.; Hernández Navarro, Y.; Baró Zarzo, JL.; Diodato, M.; Vegas López-Manzanares, F. (2021). A virtual classroom for architectural composition subject: a reflection about opportunities and limits. IATED. 6441-6445. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1288S6441644

The p38α MAPK function in osteoprecursors is required for bone formation and bone homeostasis in adult mice

p38 MAPK activity plays an important role in several steps of the osteoblast lineage progression through activation of osteoblast-specific transcription factors and it is also essential for the acquisition of the osteoblast phenotype in early development. Although reports indicate p38 signalling plays a role in early skeletal development, its specific contributions to adult bone remodelling are still to be clarified. Methodology/Principal Findings: We evaluated osteoblast-specific deletion of p38 alpha to determine its significance in early skeletogenesis, as well as for bone homeostasis in adult skeleton. Early p38 alpha deletion resulted in defective intramembranous and endochondral ossification in both calvaria and long bones. Mutant mice showed reduction of trabecular bone volume in distal femurs, associated with low trabecular thickness. In addition, knockout mice also displayed decreased femoral cortical bone volume and thickness. Deletion of p38 alpha did not affect osteoclast function. Yet it impaired osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast maturation and activity through decreased expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors and their targets. Furthermore, the inducible Cre system allowed us to control the onset of p38 alpha disruption after birth by removal of doxycycline. Deletion of p38 alpha at three or eight weeks postnatally led to significantly lower trabecular and cortical bone volume after 6 or 12 months. Conclusions: Our data demonstrates that, in addition to early skeletogenesis, p38 alpha is essential for osteoblasts to maintain their function in mineralized adult bone, as bone anabolism should be sustained throughout life. Moreover, our data also emphasizes that clinical development of p38 inhibitors should take into account their potential bone effects

Empty Spain and vernacular architecture. Awareness and conservation from the teaching of architectural restoration

[EN] The First Industrial Revolution brought about the attraction to the cities of much labor force coming from the countryside. In Spain, this migratory phenomenon accelerated during the period of development of the 1960s. Today, even it seems not to have reached bottom: there are already many deserted areas in the so called "empty Spain" and more the nuclei that will disappear in the coming years if nothing remedies. This territorial imbalance has led, on the one hand, to the pollution and overpopulation of large metropolitan areas, often located on the coast, and on the other, to the progressive extinction of an ancestral way of life that has been maintaining a tight balance with the natural environment through agricultural exploitation. It is in this context that the Empty Spain teaching initiative arises, applicable to several subjects of the degree in Fundamentals of Architecture taught at the ETS of Architecture (Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain), and encouraged by the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda promoted by United Nations, especially with regard to No. 10 ¿Reduce inequality¿, No. 11 ¿Sustainable cities and communities", and No. 12: "Responsible production and consumption". A team of professors with a long teaching and research career linked to the course on Architectural Restoration promotes this idea. The experience was developed in two phases: learning and dissemination. In order to undertake the learning phase, a triple challenge was proposed: raising awareness of the seriousness of the problem and the urgency of finding viable solutions; fostering knowledge of vernacular architecture, predominant in the affected area; and acting through an incipient architectural project applied to a traditional building. In short, knowing vernacular architecture and learning from it. For its part, the dissemination phase is being deployed in parallel through several channels. A temporary exhibition is organized with a selection of the most suggestive works aimed at the students and teachers of the School. This strategy is joined by participation in two international congresses, one on research and the other on teaching.Baró Zarzo, JL.; Cristini, V.; Mileto, C.; Balaguer Dezcallar, MJ.; De Dato, P.; García-Soriano, L.; Lidón De-Miguel, M.... (2022). Empty Spain and vernacular architecture. Awareness and conservation from the teaching of architectural restoration. IATED. 7203-7208. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2022.16857203720

Guía sobre las enfermedades fúngicas de la madera de la vid

Reunión Grupo de Trabajo de experimentación en viticultura y enología. 34ª Reunión: Centro de Transferencia Agroalimentaria: Gobierno de Aragón: Zaragoza: 10 y 11 de abril de 2019. ANEXOLas enfermedades fúngicas de la madera de la vid (EMV) son uno de los retos más importantes que actualmente debe afrontar la viticultura en todo el mundo para su sostenibilidad. Estas enfermedades causan daños severos en el viñedo todos los años y su incidencia está creciendo rápidamente en todos los países productores (De la Fuente et al., 2016). Las EMV están causadas por varios hongos patógenos que viven y colonizan la madera de los órganos perennes, causando necrosis y decoloración de la madera, infecciones vasculares, y descomposición esponjosa seca. Las viñas afectadas muestran, externamente, un decaimiento general y progresivo (retraso de la brotación, yemas muertas, decaimiento de la planta, parada del desarrollo, clorosis, apoplejía, etc.), generalmente asociado a unos síntomas foliares acordes a las diferentes enfermedades, que inicialmente pueden causar pérdida de productividad y eventualmente la muerte de las plantas (Gramaje et al., 2018). En España se estima una media del 3% de plantas afectadas por EMV, aunque existen plantaciones recién establecidas en las que su incidencia podría superar el 20%, generando pérdidas económicas anuales muy elevadas (De la Fuente et al., 2016). Según estimaciones recientes, el coste anual de replantar el 1% de vid del cultivar Tempranillo en La Rioja debido a las EMV asciende a 7,16 millones de euros anuales (Martínez-Diz et al., 2019). En Francia, se estima que aproximadamente un 12% de los viñedos son improductivos debido a las EMV, causando unas pérdidas anuales de 1 billón de euros (Lorch, 2014)

Pluripotency factors regulate the onset of Hox cluster activation in the early embryo

Pluripotent cells are a transient population of the mammalian embryo dependent on transcription factors, such as OCT4 and NANOG, which maintain pluripotency while suppressing lineage specification. However, these factors are also expressed during early phases of differentiation, and their role in the transition from pluripotency to lineage specification is largely unknown. We found that pluripotency factors play a dual role in regulating key lineage specifiers, initially repressing their expression and later being required for their proper activation. We show that Oct4 is necessary for activation of HoxB genes during differentiation of embryonic stem cells and in the embryo. In addition, we show that the HoxB cluster is coordinately regulated by OCT4 binding sites located at the 3′ end of the cluster. Our results show that core pluripotency factors are not limited to maintaining the precommitted epiblast but are also necessary for the proper deployment of subsequent developmental programs.This work was funded by the Spanish government (grants BFU2017-84914-P and PID2020-115755GB-I00 to M.M.; BFU2016-74961-P and BFU2016-81887-REDT to J.L.G.-S.), the Andalusian government (grant BIO-396 to J.L.G.-S.), and the European Research Council (ERC; grant agreement 740041 to J.L.G.-S.). M.T. held Juan de la Cierva fellowships from the Spanish government (FJCI-2017-31791 and IJC2019-038897-I), R.R. and R.D.A. held FPU fellowships from the government, and J.V. was the recipient of a “La Caixa” fellowship. Work in the laboratory of J.L.G.-S. was supported by a María de Maetzu Unit of Excellence Grant (MDM-2016-0687) to the Department of Gene Regulation and Morphogenesis of the CABD. The CBMSO is supported by an institutional grant from the Fundación Ramon Areces, and the CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN), and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX2020-001041-S funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). : With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2020-001041-S)

Fish Oil Enriched Intravenous Lipid Emulsions Reduce Triglyceride Levels in Non-Critically Ill Patients with TPN and Type 2 Diabetes. A Post-Hoc Analysis of the INSUPAR Study

There are no studies that have specifically assessed the role of intravenous lipid emulsions (ILE) enriched with fish oil in people with diabetes receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The objective of this study was to assess the metabolic control (glycemic and lipid) and in-hospital complications that occurred in non-critically ill inpatients with TPN and type 2 diabetes with regard to the use of fish oil emulsions compared with other ILEs. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the Insulin in Parenteral Nutrition (INSUPAR) trial that included patients who started with TPN for any cause and that would predictably continue with TPN for at least five days. The study included 161 patients who started with TPN for any cause. There were 80 patients (49.7%) on fish oil enriched ILEs and 81 patients (50.3%) on other ILEs. We found significant decreases in triglyceride levels in the fish oil group compared to the other patients. We did not find any differences in glucose metabolic control: mean capillary glucose, glycemic variability, and insulin dose, except in the number of mild hypoglycemic events that was significantly higher in the fish oil group. We did not observe any differences in other metabolic, liver or infectious complications, in-hospital length of stay or mortality

Predictors of clinically significant quality of life impairment in Parkinson's disease.

Quality of life (QOL) plays an important role in independent living in Parkinson?s disease (PD) patients, being crucial to know what factors impact QoL throughout the course of the disease. Here we identified predictors of QoL impairment in PD patients from a Spanish cohort. PD patients recruited from 35 centers of Spain from the COPPADIS cohort from January 2016, to November 2017, were followed up during 2 years. Health-related QoL (HRQoL) and global QoL (GQoL) were assessed with the 39-item Parkinson?s disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and the EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index (EUROHIS-QOL8), respectively, at baseline (V0) and at 24 months ± 1 month (V2). Clinically significant QoL impairment was defined as presenting an increase (PDQ-39SI) or decrement (EUROHIS-QOL8) at V2 ? 10% of the score at baseline (V0). A comparison with a control group was conducted for GQoL. GQoL did not change significantly in PD patients (N = 507; p = 0.686) or in the control group (N = 119; p = 0.192). The mean PDQ-39SI was significantly increased in PD patients (62.7 ± 8.5 years old; 58.8% males; N = 500) by 21.6% (from 16.7 ± 13 to 20.3 ± 16.4; p < 0.0001) at V2. Ninety-three patients (18.6%) presented a clinically significant HRQoL impairment at V2. To be younger (OR = 0.896; 95% CI 0.829?0.968; p = 0.006), to be a female (OR = 4.181; 95% CI 1.422?12.290; p = 0.009), and to have a greater increase in BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory-II) (OR = 1.139; 95% CI 1.053?1.231; p = 0.001) and NMSS (Non-Motor Symptoms Scale) (OR = 1.052; 95% CI 1.027?1.113; p < 0.0001) total scores from V0 to V2 were associated with clinically significant HRQoL impairment at the 2-year follow-up (Hosmer?Lemeshow test, p = 0.665; R2 = 0.655). An increase in ?5 and ?10 points of BDI-II and NMSS total score at V2 multiplied the probability of presenting clinically significant HRQoL impairment by 5 (OR = 5.453; 95% CI 1.663?17.876; p = 0.005) and 8 (OR = 8.217; 95% CI, 2.975?22.696; p = 0.002), respectively. In conclusion, age, gender, mood, and non-motor impairment were associated with clinically significant HRQoL impairment after the 2-year follow-up in PD patient

Onada migratòria: actuacions per al cribratge clínic i epidemiològic a les persones migrants que acaben d’arribar a Catalunya

Onada migratòria; Cribatge clínic; VacunacionsOla migratoria; Cribado clínico; VacunacionesMigratory wave; Clinical screening; VaccinationsEls objectius d’aquest protocol que es va impulsar inicialment amb l’onada migratòria de l’estiu 2018 són: Promoure i millorar la salut dels refugiats migrants, i d’aquells que, tot i no ser refugiats, són migrants amb especial incidència en els grups en situació de vulnerabilitat. / Prevenir malalties i detectar ràpidament qualsevol problema de salut. / Oferir en un marc general recomanacions sobre les actuacions immediates de cribratge i vacunacions que hauran d’operativitzar-se en els diferents punts del territori