Multiple intelligences and learning: A comparative approach in conservatory students

Recepción: 11 de enero de 2017Aceptado: 24 de enero de 2017Correspondencia: Verónica López FernándezCorreo-e: [email protected]: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-5884la Teoría de las inteligencias Múltiples defiende que la competencia cognitiva se describe mejor en términos de un conjunto de habilidades o capacidades mentales que todos poseemos y podemos desarrollar. Método: Este trabajo pretende comparar dos grupos de estudiantes, formados por alumnos que cursan estudios de danza y alumnos que no los cursan, en su nivel de desarrollo de las Inteligencias Múltiples. La muestra está compuesta por 175 personas. Para conocer el nivel de las Inteligencias múltiples se ha empleado el Cuestionario de Detección de las Inteligencias Múltiples para el Alumno de Secundaria (adaptación de McKenzie, 1999). Resultados: los análisis muestran que existe mayor desarrollo de la inteligencia musical por parte de los alumnos que estudian danza en un conservatorio (M=100.14 vs 76.59 p<.05), sin embargo la inteligencia viso-espacial se ve incrementada en los alumnos que no estudian en conservatorio en general (79.30 vs 96.22 . p<.05). Además se divide a la muestra en grupos más pequeños en función del curso. Se observa que en los cursos iniciales la inteligencia musical está más desarrollada en los alumnos de conservatorio y la lógico-matemática y viso-espacial en los alumnos que no acuden al conservatorio. En los cursos superiores, sólo hay diferencias favorables al grupo de danza en la físico-corporal. Conclusión: Se concluye que los estudios de conservatorio pueden influir positivamente en el desarrollo tanto de la inteligencia física y cinestésica como de la inteligencia musical, mientras que podría no incrementar de algún modo el desarrollo de la inteligencia viso-espacial.Abstract: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences argues that cognitive competence is best described in terms of a set of mental abilities or skills that everyone posesses and that can be developed. Method: The aim of this study is to compare the level of development of Multiple Intelligences in two groups of students, one studying dance and the other not studying dance. The sample is composed of 175 people. In order to determine the level of Multiple Intelligences, the Multiple Intelligence Detection Questionnaire for the Secondary Student was used (adaptation by McKenzie, 1999). Results: the analysis shows that there is a greater development of musical intelligence in students studying dance in a conservatory (M = 100.14 vs 76.59 p <.05), however, visual-spatial intelligence is increased in students who do not study in a conservatory in general (79.30 vs 96.22, p <.05). In addition, the sample is divided into smaller groups depending on the course. It is observed that in the initial courses musical intelligence is more developed in the conservatory students and logical-mathematical and visual-spatial in the students who do not go to the conservatory. In higher courses, there are only favorable differences to the dance group in bodily-kinesthetic intelligence. Conclusion: It was concluded that the studies in the conservatory could positively influence the development of both bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and musical intelligence, while it did not increase in any way the development of visual-spatial intelligence.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Psicología Social. Proyecto de Innovación Docente ReiDoCre

SOUL: Scala Oversampling and Undersampling Library for imbalance classification

This work has been supported by the research project TIN2017-89517-P, by the UGR research contract OTRI 3940 and by a research scholarship, given to the authors Nestor Rodriguez and David Lopez by the University of Granada, Spain.The improvements in technology and computation have promoted a global adoption of Data Science. It is devoted to extracting significant knowledge from high amounts of information by means of the application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning tools. Among the different tasks within Data Science, classification is probably the most widespread overall. Focusing on the classification scenario, we often face some datasets in which the number of instances for one of the classes is much lower than that of the remaining ones. This issue is known as the imbalanced classification problem, and it is mainly related to the need for boosting the recognition of the minority class examples. In spite of a large number of solutions that were proposed in the specialized literature to address imbalanced classification, there is a lack of open-source software that compiles the most relevant ones in an easy-to-use and scalable way. In this paper, we present a novel software approach named as SOUL, which stands for Scala Oversampling and Undersampling Library for imbalanced classification. The main capabilities of this new library include a large number of different data preprocessing techniques, efficient execution of these approaches, and a graphical environment to contrast the output for the different preprocessing solutions.UGR research contract OTRI 3940University of Granada, SpainTIN2017-89517-

Lo público en el umbral : Los espacios y los tiempos, los territorios y los medios

El libro reflexiona acerca de la temporalidad de aquello que, tradicionalmente, se concibe como “espacio” público. Al mismo tiempo, toma como punto de partida la inestabilidad del estatuto de lo público, tensionado, como está,por la yuxtaposición entre las experiencias mediatizadas y no mediatizadas de la vida colectiva y por el debilitamiento de las perspectivas tradicionales, particularmente aquellas orientadas por pretensiones normativas. Se parte de una intuición sobre las formas del desplazamiento de lo público entre el mundo no mediático y el de la mediatización; y entre los imaginarios espaciales y la temporalidad de la experiencia social. En este sentido, el umbral remite a un imaginario espacio-temporal: un intermedio de entrada/salida en el cual también se puede permanecer, aunque no indefinidamente, y en el que quedan los rastros del pasaje entre un polo y el otro. Es decir: el umbral como respuesta a la pregunta sobre el estatus, la entidad, la localización, la duración, la emergencia o la dilución de lo público.El libro es parte de una colección de e-books que publica el Instituto de Investigaciones en Comunicación junto a la editorial de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social. Los artículos incluidos en esta compilación fueron sometidos a referato. Convocatoria a cargo de Paula Porta y Verónica Vidarte Asorey.Instituto de Investigaciones en Comunicació

Propuesta de diseño de una asignatura de seguridad de sistemas informáticos

Muchos de los actuales planes de estudios de informática carecen de asignaturas específicas sobre las materias relacionadas con la seguridad de los sistemas informáticos, y, dada la impor-tancia creciente de esta materia, es de esperar que sea clave en los futuros planes de estudios. Además, su cuerpo curricular no está tan claro como en otras asignaturas más clásicas (sistemas operativos, bases de datos, etc). En este artículo se plantea una propuesta de diseño de dicha asignatura, desde las competen-cias que se pretenden lograr hasta los contenidos a impartir y la metodología de trabajo, siguiendo la filosofía planteada por el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES).Peer Reviewe

Synthetic Fatty Acids Prevent Plasmid-Mediated Horizontal Gene Transfer

Bacterial conjugation constitutes a major horizontal gene transfer mechanism for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes among human pathogens. Antibiotic resistance spread could be halted or diminished by molecules that interfere with the conjugation process. In this work, synthetic 2-alkynoic fatty acids were identified as a novel class of conjugation inhibitors. Their chemical properties were investigated by using the prototype 2-hexadecynoic acid and its derivatives. Essential features of effective inhibitors were the carboxylic group, an optimal long aliphatic chain of 16 carbon atoms, and one unsaturation. Chemical modification of these groups led to inactive or less-active derivatives. Conjugation inhibitors were found to act on the donor cell, affecting a wide number of pathogenic bacterial hosts, including Escherichia, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter spp. Conjugation inhibitors were active in inhibiting transfer of IncF, IncW, and IncH plasmids, moderately active against IncI, IncL/M, and IncX plasmids, and inactive against IncP and IncN plasmids. Importantly, the use of 2-hexadecynoic acid avoided the spread of a derepressed IncF plasmid into a recipient population, demonstrating the feasibility of abolishing the dissemination of antimicrobial resistances by blocking bacterial conjugation.The work performed by the F.D.L.C. group was supported by grants BFU2011-26608 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and 612146/FP7-ICT-2013-10 and 282004/FP7-HEALTH-2011-2.3.1-2 from the European Seventh Framework Programme. The work performed by M.G. was supported by a Ph.D. fellowship from the University of Cantabria. The work performed by D.J.S.-R. was supported by the National Center for Research Resources and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health through grant no. 5P20GM103475-13 and the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico. The work performed by J.C.-G. was supported by an EMBO postdoctoral fellowship, ASTF 402-2010. The work performed by Biomar Microbial Technologies was supported by grant 282004/FP7-HEALTH-2011-2.3.1-2 from the European Seventh Framework Programme.USD 2,190 APC fee funded by the EC FP7 Post-Grant Open Access PilotPeer reviewe

Lung Neoplasm in Workers Exposed to Beryllium and/or its Compounds: Systematic Review

Revisiones[ES] Introducción: El berilio es un metal que por sus propiedades físico-químicas es utilizado en la industria para la fabricación de diferentes productos comerciales y de alta tecnología. La exposición laboral al berilio se relaciona con la aparición de neoplasia de pulmón, siendo esta enfermedad la primera causa de muerte por cáncer a nivel mundial. Objetivos: Revisar la literatura científica existente en relación con la exposición laboral al berilio y/o sus compuestos y la neoplasia de pulmón. Método: Revisión sistemática de la literatura científica recogida en las bases de datos bibliográficas MEDLINE (vía PubMed), EMBASE, Web Of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Medicina en Español (MEDES). Los términos utilizados como descriptores fueron: “Occupational Exposure”, “Occupational Diseases”, “Beryllium” y “Lung Neoplasms”. La búsqueda se completó con otros términos en texto libre y no se emplearon filtros (límites). La determinación de la calidad de los artículos seleccionados se llevó a cabo empleando la guía STROBE. Resultados: Se recuperaron 180 referencias, de las que se seleccionaron a texto completo 11 artículos tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. En estos estudios se describe la asociación entre exposición laboral al berilio y el desarrollo de neoplasia de pulmón. Conclusiones: Existe una asociación entre la exposición laboral al berilio y/o sus compuestos y la neoplasia de pulmón. Considerando el bajo número de estudios publicados y sus limitaciones, sería necesario realizar nuevos estudios que se adapten a las condiciones de la industria actual del berilio, teniendo en cuenta la solubilidad de sus compuestos, así como la identificación de sectores industriales y colectivos de trabajadores expuestos al mismo que aún no hayan sido estudiados. [EN] Introduction: Beryllium is an element that, due to its physical and chemical characteristics, is used in the manufac-turing of different commercial products and the high-tech industry. Laboral exposure to beryllium is associated with higher incidence of lung cancer, being this disease the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Objectives: To review the existing scientific literature on the occurrence of occupational exposure to beryllium and/or its compounds and lung cancer. Method: Systematic review of the scientific literature collected in the bibliographic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Web Of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Spanish Bibliographic Index in Health Sciences (IBECS), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medicine in Spanish (MEDES). The terms used as descriptors were: “Occupational Exposure”, “Occupational Diseases”, “Beryllium” and “Lung Neo-plasms”. The search was completed with other terms in free text and no filters (limits) were used. The determination of the quality of the selected articles was carried out using the STROBE guide. Results: 180 references were retrieved, of which 11 articles could be obtained in full text after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies describe the association between occupational exposure to beryllium and the development of lung cancer. Conclusions: There is an association between exposure to beryllium and/or its compounds and the development of lung cancer. However, considering the low number of published studies and their limitations, further studies should be carried out, which may be adapted to the current circumstances of the beryllium industry, taking into account the solubility of the beryllium compounds and the identification of industries and populations of workers exposed to beryllium that have not yet been studiedN

Study of the intra-arterial distribution of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in a model of colorectal neoplasm induced in rat liver by MRI and spectrometry

Jos&amp;eacute; J Echevarria-Uraga,1 Ignacio Garc&amp;iacute;a-Alonso,2 Fernando Plazaola,3 Maite Insausti,3 N&amp;eacute;stor Etxebarria,3 Alberto Saiz-L&amp;oacute;pez,4 Bego&amp;ntilde;a Fern&amp;aacute;ndez-Ruanova51Radiology Department, Hospital de Galdakao-Us&amp;aacute;nsolo, Bizkaia, Spain; 2Experimental Surgery Laboratory, Medicine Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Bizkaia, Spain; 3Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Bizkaia, Spain; 4Pathology Department, Hospital de Galdakao-Us&amp;aacute;nsolo, Bizkaia, Spain; 5Osatek SA Unidad del Hospital de Galdakao-Us&amp;aacute;nsolo, Bizkaia, SpainPurpose: To evaluate, in an experimental model, the reliability of MRI for determining whether a higher iron concentration was obtained in tumor tissue than in normal liver parenchyma after intra-arterial administration of Fe3O4 lipophilic nanoparticles.Materials and methods: WAG/RijCrl rats were inoculated in the left hepatic lobe with 25,000 syngeneic CC-531 colon adenocarcinoma cells, after which they were randomized into two groups: control (CG) and infused (IG). After confirming tumor induction, the IG rats received intra-arterial suspensions of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (2.6 mg) in Lipiodol&amp;reg; (0.15 mL). To calculate the iron concentration, [Fe], in the tumor and liver tissues of both groups of rats, measurements of signal intensity from the tumors, healthy liver tissue, and paravertebral muscles were made on a 1.5T MRI system in gradient-echo DP* and T2*-weighted sequences. In addition, samples were collected to quantify the [Fe] by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), as well as for histological analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with non-parametric tests, and Bland&amp;ndash;Altman plots were produced; P values &amp;lt;0.05 were considered significant.Results: In the CG rats (n = 23), the mean [Fe] values estimated by MRI and ICP-MS were 13.2 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1 and 5.9 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1, respectively, in the tumors, and 19.0 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1 and 11.7 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1, respectively, in the hepatic tissue. In the IG rats (n = 19), the values obtained by MRI and ICP-MS were 148.9 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1 and 9.4 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1, respectively, in the tumors, and 115.3 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1 and 11.6 &amp;micro;mol &amp;bull; g-1, respectively, in the healthy liver tissue. The IG results revealed a clear disagreement between MRI and ICP-MS. In the comparative analysis between the groups regarding the [Fe] values obtained by ICP-MS, significant differences were found for the tumor samples (P &amp;lt; 0.001), but not for the hepatic tissue (P = 0.92). Under microscopy, scattered intravascular deposits of nanoparticles were observed, especially in the tumors.Conclusion: ICP-MS demonstrated significant uptake of exogenous iron in tumor tissue. MRI was useful for quantifying the [Fe] in the different tissues in the CG animals, but not in the IG animals. Although the irregular distribution of nanoparticles caused an important bias in the measurements obtained by MRI, the relative increase in iron content inside the tumor was suggested.Keywords: liver neoplasm, hepatic arterial infusion, ferromagnetic particle, iron concentration, MRI, spectrometry&amp;nbsp

Ablation and optical third-order nonlinearities in Ag nanoparticles

The optical damage associated with high intensity laser excitation of silver nanoparticles (NPs) was studied. In order to investigate the mechanisms of optical nonlinearity of a nanocomposite and their relation with its ablation threshold, a high-purity silica sample implanted with Ag ions was exposed to different nanosecond and picosecond laser irradiations. The magnitude and sign of picosecond refractive and absorptive nonlinearities were measured near and far from the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the Ag NPs with a self-diffraction technique. Saturable optical absorption and electronic polarization related to self-focusing were identified. Linear absorption is the main process involved in nanosecond laser ablation, but non-linearities are important for ultrashort picosecond pulses when the absorptive process become significantly dependent on the irradiance. We estimated that near the resonance, picosecond intraband transitions allow an expanded distribution of energy among the NPs, in comparison to the energy distribution resulting in a case of far from resonance, when the most important absorption takes place in silica. We measured important differences in the ablation threshold and we estimated that the high selectiveness of the SPR of Ag NPs as well as their corresponding optical nonlinearities can be strongly significant for laser-induced controlled explosions, with potential applications for biomedical photothermal processes

Specificity of Stenurus (Metastrongyloidea: Pseudaliidae) infections in odontocetes stranded along the north-west Spanish coast

Parasites extracted from the lungs and the pterygoid sinus complex of 6 species of odontocetes stranded along the north-west Spanish coast (Northeast Atlantic) between 2009 and 2019 were morphologically identified. The samples belonged to 14 specimens, including 3 harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena, 6 short-finned pilot whales, Globicephala macrorhynchus, 1 long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas, 1 Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus, 1 striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba and 2 bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus. All animals (14/14) were infected by nematodes of the genus Stenurus spp.; moreover, two of them presented a mixed lung nematode infection by Stenurus spp. and Halocercus spp., and another two a mixed infection by Stenurus spp. and the trematode Nasitrema spp. in the pterygoid sinuses. The morphological characterization of the Stenurus specimens revealed the existence of three different species: Stenurus minor, present in the pterygoid sinuses of harbour porpoises with a mean intensity of 43.0 ± 9.0; Stenurus globicephalae, in the pterygoid sinuses of pilot whales and the Risso's dolphin (370.3 ± 579.4); and Stenurus ovatus infecting bottlenose and striped dolphins’ lungs (47.7 ± 76.5). This is the first citation of S. minor and S. ovatus in odontoceti from the Galician coast. Nematodes of the genus Stenurus are frequent in odontocetes stranded along the north-west Spanish coast. A clear host-parasite association was observed between S. minor and the Phocoenidae family, between S. globicephalae and the subfamily Globicephalinae and between S. ovatus and subfamily Delphininae. Different trophic position and niche segregation may lead to different patterns of specificityS

Cardiorespiratory nematodes and co-infections with gastrointestinal parasites in new arrivals at dog and cat shelters in north-western Spain

Metastrongyloid and trichuroid cardiorespiratory nematodes of dogs and cats are considered emergent in several European countries, and an increase in the number and extent of endemic foci has been described. Since data on their prevalence are limited in this continent, faecal samples from new arrivals (365 dogs and 65 cats) at two animal shelters in North-western Spain were analysed using both floatation and Baermann techniques. In order to confirm the microscopic identification of Metastrongylidae first stage larvae, molecular characterization based on the sequence of the ITS-2 was performed. The possible influence of some variables such as the species, sex and age of the animals and the co-infection with other gastrointestinal parasites on the prevalence of cardiorespiratory nematodes was analysed. The most prevalent metastrongylid was Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (15.4%) followed by Angiostrongylus vasorum (4.1%) and Crenosoma vulpis (1.1%). Regarding trichuroids, Eucoleus aerophilus and/or Eucoleus boehmi eggs were detected in 28 dogs (7.7%) and four cats (6.2%). Almost all animals positive to cardiorespiratory nematodes (86.8%) were co-infected with gastrointestinal parasites. The prevalence of Metastrongylidae and respiratory trichuroids was significantly higher in dogs co-infected with Taenia spp. and Toxocara canis or Giardia duodenalis and Sarcocystis spp., respectively. In cats, a significant higher prevalence of Metastrongylidae nematodes was found in animals co-infected with Toxocara cati. Our results reveal that cardiorespiratory nematodes are common in companion animals from north-western Spain, showing higher prevalences than those previously reported from this country. This investigation represents the first report of C. vulpis, E. aerophilus and E. boehmi in dogs from Spain. The identification of a number of zoonotic parasites is of public health concern. Our results indicate that these nematodes should be included in the differential diagnosis of dogs and cats from north-western Spain showing respiratory or cardiac clinical signsThis research was funded by the Program for consolidating and structuring competitive research groups (ED431C 2019/04, Xunta de Galicia, Spain)S