Lakes Victoria, Kyoga and Albert: a hydrometeorological survey

The Project for the Hydrometeorological Survey of the Catchments of Lakes Victoria, Kyoga and Albert is one of the Jargest of its kind, intended to arrange for the collection of data for a comprehensive study of the water balance of the Upper Nile Basin in East Africa. With a surface area of about 69,000 sq. kms., Lake Victoria is the second largest freshwater lake in the world, (next to Lake Superior), lying astride the Equator within the countries of Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. Lakes Kyoga and Albert downstream have areas of 6,300 sq. kms. and 5,300 sq. kms. respectively. The area of the catchment as a whole is approximately 378,000 sq. kms., of which about 325,000 sq., kms, are in the three East African countries, while the remainder lies in the Rwanda, Burundi and the Congo. The White Nile, fed and regulated by these lakes, flows out of Uganda into the Sudan, and thence, after being joined by the Blue Nile, into the United Arab Republic

Burden and risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa community-acquired pneumonia:a Multinational Point Prevalence Study of Hospitalised Patients

Pseudornonas aeruginosa is a challenging bacterium to treat due to its intrinsic resistance to the antibiotics used most frequently in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Data about the global burden and risk factors associated with P. aeruginosa-CAP are limited. We assessed the multinational burden and specific risk factors associated with P. aeruginosa-CAP. We enrolled 3193 patients in 54 countries with confirmed diagnosis of CAP who underwent microbiological testing at admission. Prevalence was calculated according to the identification of P. aeruginosa. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa-CAP. The prevalence of P. aeruginosa and antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa-CAP was 4.2% and 2.0%, respectively. The rate of P. aeruginosa CAP in patients with prior infection/colonisation due to P. aeruginosa and at least one of the three independently associated chronic lung diseases (i.e. tracheostomy, bronchiectasis and/or very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) was 67%. In contrast, the rate of P. aeruginosa-CAP was 2% in patients without prior P. aeruginosa infection/colonisation and none of the selected chronic lung diseases. The multinational prevalence of P. aeruginosa-CAP is low. The risk factors identified in this study may guide healthcare professionals in deciding empirical antibiotic coverage for CAP patients

Search for Gravitational Waves from Intermediate Mass Binary Black Holes

We present the results of a weakly modeled burst search for gravitational waves from mergers of non-spinning intermediate mass black holes (IMBH) in the total mass range 100--450 solar masses and with the component mass ratios between 1:1 and 4:1. The search was conducted on data collected by the LIGO and Virgo detectors between November of 2005 and October of 2007. No plausible signals were observed by the search which constrains the astrophysical rates of the IMBH mergers as a function of the component masses. In the most efficiently detected bin centered on 88+88 solar masses, for non-spinning sources, the rate density upper limit is 0.13 per Mpc^3 per Myr at the 90% confidence level.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures: data for plots and archived public version at https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=62326, see also the public announcement at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S5IMBH

1-​(3,​4-​Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)​-​3-​methyl-​1H-​imidazolium chloride: An Efficient Catalyst for Biginelli Reaction

1-​(3,​4-​Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)​-​3-​methyl-​1H-​imidazolium chloride was used as an effective catalyst for bigineli reactions in the synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone in water. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused without significant decrease of the catalytic activity. All the synthesized compds. were characterized by using m.ps., IR Spectra, NMR spectra and ESI-​MS

From flower to fruit: embryology of flowering plants

xi, 162 hlm. : ill.; 22 cm

Efficient green synthesis of bis(3-indolyl)phenylmethanes catalyzed by 1-(benzenesulfonyl)-3-methyl-1h-imidazolium chlorides

The reaction of indoles with various aldehydes to give corresponding bis(3-indolyl)phenylmethanes in aqueous medium was catalyzed by 1-(benzenesulfonyl)-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium chlorides which were obtained by solvent-free approach. Excellent yields within short duration were achieved after optimizing the reaction conditions. The thermal properties of all 1-(benzenesulfonyl)-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium chlorides were studied using thermogravimetric analysis. © 2013 Bentham Science Publishers

1-(3, 4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-3-Methyl-1H-Imidazolium Chloride: An Efficient Catalyst for Bigineli Reaction

1-(3, 4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium chloride is used as an effective catalyst for bigineli reactions in the synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone in water. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused without significant decrease of the catalytic activity. All compounds have been synthesized and characterized using melting points, IR Spectra, NMR spectra and ESI-M

Microwave-assisted silica-promoted solvent-free synthesis of triazoloquinazolinone and benzimidazoquinazolinones

The derivative of triazolo/benzimidazoquinazolinones is prepared via silica-promoted solvent-free method using microwave irradiation with an excellent yield. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by various techniques like IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The compound with 1a was crystallized and analysed by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Figure not available: see fulltext. © 2013 Indian Academy of Sciences

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Not AvailableAn attempt has been made to describe the crop ideotype characteristics for black pepper (Piper nigrum). It is proposed that the black pepper ideotype should have acute branch angles (450) at the top and more wider branch angles at the bottom (600). The fruiting branches should be well spread from top to bottom of the canopy. To harvest maximum light especially by the bottom canopy, the leaf angle should be more at the bottom (130-1400) compared to the top (100-1100). It is desirable that within a branch, the bottom leaves have lengthier petioles than the top leaves. The vine should have a high photosynthetic rate (minimum of 3.0–3.5 μ moles), more than 90% bisexual flowers with >95% self pollination, increased spike length (≥12 cm) and more number of berries spike-1 (≥70). Fruit set should be ≥80% and should yield at least 2.5–3.0 kg dry berries vine-1. Among the cultivars/varieties studied, Panniyur 1 was found to possess more number of traits for the proposed ideotype compared to other cultivars/varieties.Not Availabl