763 research outputs found

    Coupling of spin and vibrational degrees of freedom of adsorbates at metal surfaces probed by vibrational sum-frequency generation

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    Vibrational spectroscopy using sum-frequency generation has been used to investigate the coupling between a ferromagnetic thin film and adsorbed molecules, here CO on Ni/Cu(100). The CO stretching vibration exhibits a strong magnetic contrast with a pronounced temperature dependence, underlining the high sensitivity of this adsorbate-specific spectroscopy method. Our results indicate that the strong temperature dependence is caused by dynamical changes in the surface chemical bond when the CO stretch vibration is coupled to thermally excited external vibrational modes

    First Observation of Coherent π0\pi^0 Production in Neutrino Nucleus Interactions with EÎœ<E_{\nu}< 2 GeV

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    The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab has amassed the largest sample to date of π0\pi^0s produced in neutral current (NC) neutrino-nucleus interactions at low energy. This paper reports a measurement of the momentum distribution of π0\pi^0s produced in mineral oil (CH2_2) and the first observation of coherent π0\pi^0 production below 2 GeV. In the forward direction, the yield of events observed above the expectation for resonant production is attributed primarily to coherent production off carbon, but may also include a small contribution from diffractive production on hydrogen. Integrated over the MiniBooNE neutrino flux, the sum of the NC coherent and diffractive modes is found to be (19.5 ±\pm1.1 (stat) ±\pm2.5 (sys))% of all exclusive NC π0\pi^0 production at MiniBooNE. These measurements are of immediate utility because they quantify an important background to MiniBooNE's search for ΜΌ→Μe\nu_{\mu} \to \nu_e oscillations.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Lett.

    Measurement of the W+W-gamma Cross Section and Direct Limits on Anomalous Quartic Gauge Boson Couplings at LEP

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    The process e+e- -> W+W-gamma is analysed using the data collected with the L3 detector at LEP at a centre-of-mass energy of 188.6GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 176.8pb^-1. Based on a sample of 42 selected W+W- candidates containing an isolated hard photon, the W+W-gamma cross section, defined within phase-space cuts, is measured to be: sigma_WWgamma = 290 +/- 80 +/- 16 fb, consistent with the Standard Model expectation. Including the process e+e- -> nu nu gamma gamma, limits are derived on anomalous contributions to the Standard Model quartic vertices W+W- gamma gamma and W+W-Z gamma at 95% CL: -0.043 GeV^-2 < a_0/Lambda^2 < 0.043 GeV^-2 0.08 GeV^-2 < a_c/Lambda^2 < 0.13 GeV^-2 0.41 GeV^-2 < a_n/Lambda^2 < 0.37 GeV^-2

    Production of Single W Bosons at \sqrt{s}=189 GeV and Measurement of WWgamma Gauge Couplings

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    Single W boson production in electron-positron collisions is studied with the L3 detector at LEP. The data sample collected at a centre-of-mass energy of \sqrt{s} = 188.7GeV corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 176.4pb^-1. Events with a single energetic lepton or two acoplanar hadronic jets are selected. Within phase-space cuts, the total cross-section is measured to be 0.53 +/- 0.12 +/- 0.03 pb, consistent with the Standard Model expectation. Including our single W boson results obtained at lower \sqrt{s}, the WWgamma gauge couplings kappa_gamma and lambda_gamma are determined to be kappa_gamma = 0.93 +/- 0.16 +/- 0.09 and lambda_gamma = -0.31 +0.68 -0.19 +/- 0.13

    Formation of the ηc\eta_c in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP

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    The two-photon width Γγγ\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma} of the ηc\eta_c meson has been measured with the L3 detector at LEP. The ηc\eta_c is studied in the decay modes π+π−π+π−\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-, π+π−\pi^+\pi^-K+^+K−^-, Ks0_s^0K±π∓^\pm\pi^\mp, K+^+K−π0^-\pi^{0}, π+π−η\pi^+\pi^-\eta, π+π−ηâ€Č\pi^+\pi^-\eta', and ρ+ρ−\rho^+\rho^- using an integrated luminosity of 140 pb−1^{-1} at s≃91\sqrt{s} \simeq 91 GeV and of 52 pb−1^{-1} at s≃183\sqrt{s} \simeq 183 GeV. The result is Γγγ(ηc)=6.9±1.7(stat.)±0.8(sys.)±2.0\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma}(\eta_c) = 6.9 \pm 1.7 (stat.) \pm 0.8 (sys.) \pm 2.0(BR) keV. The Q2Q^2 dependence of the ηc\eta_c cross section is studied for Q2<9Q^2 < 9 GeV2^{2}. It is found to be better described by a Vector Meson Dominance model form factor with a J-pole than with a ρ\rho-pole. In addition, a signal of 29±1129 \pm 11 events is observed at the χc0\chi_c0 mass. Upper limits for the two-photon widths of the χc0\chi_c0, χc2\chi_c2, and ηcâ€Č\eta_c' are also given

    Search for Charginos with a Small Mass Difference with the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle at \sqrt{s} = 189 GeV

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    A search for charginos nearly mass-degenerate with the lightest supersymmetric particle is performed using the 176 pb^-1 of data collected at 189 GeV in 1998 with the L3 detector. Mass differences between the chargino and the lightest supersymmetric particle below 4 GeV are considered. The presence of a high transverse momentum photon is required to single out the signal from the photon-photon interaction background. No evidence for charginos is found and upper limits on the cross section for chargino pair production are set. For the first time, in the case of heavy scalar leptons, chargino mass limits are obtained for any \tilde{\chi}^{+-}_1 - \tilde{\chi}^0_1 mass difference

    Search for an invisibly decaying Higgs boson in e^+e^- collisions at \sqrt{s} = 183 - 189 GeV

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    A search for a Higgs boson decaying into invisible particles is performed using the data collected at LEP by the L3 experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 183 GeV and 189 GeV. The integrated luminosities are respectively 55.3 pb^-1 and 176.4 pb^-1. The observed candidates are consistent with the expectations from Standard Model processes. In the hypothesis that the production cross section of this Higgs boson equals the Standard Model one and the branching ratio into invisible particles is 100%, a lower mass limit of 89.2 GeV is set at 95% confidence level

    Search for Scalar Leptons in e+e- collisions at \sqrt{s}=189 GeV

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    We report the result of a search for scalar leptons in e+e- collisions at 189 GeV centre-of-mass energy at LEP. No evidence for such particles is found in a data sample of 176 pb^{-1}. Improved upper limits are set on the production cross sections for these new particles. New exclusion contours in the parameter space of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model are derived, as well as new lower limits on the masses of these supersymmetric particles. Under the assumptions of common gaugino and scalar masses at the GUT scale, we set an absolute lower limit on the mass of the lightest scalar electron of 65.5 Ge

    Search for Heavy Neutral and Charged Leptons in e+^+e−^- Annihilation at s\sqrt{s} = 183 and 189 GeV

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    A search for unstable neutral and charged heavy leptons as well as for stable charged heavy leptons is performed at center-of-mass energies s\sqrt{s} = 183 and 189 GeV with the L3 detector at LEP. No evidence for their existence is found. We exclude neutral heavy leptons which couple to the electron, muon or tau family, of the Dirac type for masses below 92.4, 93.3 and 83.3 GeV, and of the Majorana type for masses below 81.8, 84.1 and 73.5 GeV, respectively. We exclude unstable charged heavy leptons for masses below 93.9 GeV for a wide range of the associated neutral heavy lepton mass. If the unstable charged heavy lepton decays to a light neutrino, we exclude masses below 92.4 GeV. The production of stable charged heavy leptons with mass less than 93.5 GeV is also excluded

    Measurement of Mass and Width of the W Boson at LEP

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    We report on measurements of the mass and total decay width of the W boson with the L3 detector at LEP. W-pair events produced in e+e−\mathrm{e^+e^-} interactions between 161 GeV and 183 GeV centre-of-mass energy are selected in a data sample corresponding to a total luminosity of 76.7 pb−1^{-1}. Combining all final states in W-pair production, the mass and total decay width of the W boson are determined to be MW=80.61±0.15\mathrm{M_W}=80.61\pm0.15 GeV and ΓW=1.97±0.38\Gamma_{\mathrm{W}}=1.97\pm0.38 GeV, respectively
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