ICF-based Functional Components and Contextual Factors as Correlates of Perceived Quality of Life for Youth With Chronic Conditions

Purpose: To explore International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)-based functional components and contextual factors associated with perceived quality of life (QOL) for youth with chronic conditions from the perspective of youth and parents. Method: Baseline data were obtained from a longitudinal study examining predictors of changes in perceived QOL for youth with chronic conditions. 439 youth aged 11–17 (and one of their parents) completed a questionnaire. Standardized tools were used to measure youth functioning, contextual factors and perceived QOL. Multivariate linear regression analyses, controlling for socio-demographic and health information, were conducted to explore correlations among youth functioning/contextual factors and youth and parent perceptions of youth QOL. Results: Significant (p0.05) negative correlates with both youth and parent perceptions of youth QOL included pain/other physical symptoms and emotional symptoms. Significant factors positively correlated with youth and parent perceptions of youth QOL included school productivity and spirituality. Other significant positive correlates of youth perspectives were family social support and school belongingness/safety. Family functioning was positively correlated, and youth social anxiety and environmental barriers were negatively correlated, with parent perceptions of youth QOL. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence of factors upon which services aimed at improving perceived QOL of youth with chronic conditions could be based

Weighted composition operators on Korenblum type spaces of analytic functions

[EN] We investigate the continuity, compactness and invertibility of weighted composition operators W-psi,W-phi: f -> psi(f circle phi) when they act on the classical Korenblum space A(-infinity) and other related Frechet or (LB)-spaces of analytic functions on the open unit disc which are defined as intersections or unions of weighted Banach spaces with sup-norms. Some results about the spectrum of these operators are presented in case the self-map phi has a fixed point in the unit disc. A precise description of the spectrum is obtained in this case when the operator acts on the Korenblum space.This research was partially supported by the research project MTM2016-76647-P and the grant BES-2017-081200.Gomez-Orts, E. (2020). Weighted composition operators on Korenblum type spaces of analytic functions. Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales Serie A Matemáticas. 114(4):1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-020-00924-1S1151144Abramovich, Y.A., Aliprantis, C.D.: An invitation to operator theory. Graduate Studies in Mathematics. Amer. Math. Soc., 50 (2002)Albanese, A.A., Bonet, J., Ricker, W.J.: The Cesàro operator in the Fréchet spaces $$\ell ^{p+}$$ and $$L^{p-}$$. Glasgow Math. J. 59, 273–287 (2017)Albanese, A.A., Bonet, J., Ricker, W.J.: The Cesàro operator on Korenblum type spaces of analytic functions. Collect. Math. 69(2), 263–281 (2018)Albanese, A.A., Bonet, J., Ricker, W.J.: Operators on the Fréchet sequence spaces $$ces(p+), 1\le p\le \infty$$. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. RACSAM 113(2), 1533–1556 (2019)Albanese, A.A., Bonet, J., Ricker, W.J.: Linear operators on the (LB)-sequence spaces $$ces(p-), 1\le p\le \infty$$. Descriptive topology and functional analysis. II, 43–67, Springer Proc. Math. Stat., 286, Springer, Cham (2019)Arendt, W., Chalendar, I., Kumar, M., Srivastava, S.: Powers of composition operators: asymptotic behaviour on Bergman, Dirichlet and Bloch spaces. J. Austral. Math. Soc. 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1446788719000235Aron, R., Lindström, M.: Spectra of weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic funcions. Israel J. Math. 141, 263–276 (2004)Bierstedt, K.D., Summers, W.H.: Biduals of weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. J. Austral. Math. Soc., Ser. A, 54(1), 70–79 (1993)Bonet, J.: A note about the spectrum of composition operators induced by a rotation. RACSAM 114, 63 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-020-00788-5Bonet, J., Domański, P., Lindström, M., Taskinen, J.: Composition operators between weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. J. Austral. Math. Soc., Ser. A, 64(1), 101–118 (1998)Bourdon, P.S.: Essential angular derivatives and maximum growth of Königs eigenfunctions. J. Func. Anal. 160, 561–580 (1998)Bourdon, P.S.: Invertible weighted composition operators. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 142(1), 289–299 (2014)Carleson, L., Gamelin, T.: Complex Dynamics. Springer, Berlin (1991)Cowen, C., MacCluer, B.: Composition Operators on Spaces of Analytic Functions. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (1995)Contreras, M., Hernández-Díaz, A.G.: Weighted composition operators in weighted Banach spacs of analytic functions. J. Austral. Math. Soc., Ser. A 69, 41–60 (2000)Eklund, T., Galindo, P., Lindström, M.: Königs eigenfunction for composition operators on Bloch and $$H^\infty$$ spaces. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 445, 1300–1309 (2017)Hedenmalm, H., Korenblum, B., Zhu, K.: Theory of Bergman Spaces. Grad. Texts in Math. 199. Springer, New York (2000)Jarchow, H.: Locally Convex Spaces. Teubner, Stuttgart (1981)Kamowitz, H.: Compact operators of the form $$uC_{\varphi }$$. Pac. J. Math. 80(1) (1979)Korenblum, B.: An extension of the Nevanlinna theory. Acta Math. 135, 187–219 (1975)Köthe, G.: Topological Vector Spaces II. Springer, New York Inc (1979)Lusky, W.: On the isomorphism classes of weighted spaces of harmonic and holomophic functions. Stud. Math. 75, 19–45 (2006)Meise, R., Vogt, D.: Introduction to functional analysis. Oxford Grad. Texts in Math. 2, New York, (1997)Montes-Rodríguez, A.: Weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. J. Lond. Math. Soc. 61(3), 872–884 (2000)Queffélec, H., Queffélec, M.: Diophantine Approximation and Dirichlet series. Hindustain Book Agency, New Delhi (2013)Shapiro, J.H.: Composition Operators and Classical Function Theory. Springer, New York (1993)Shields, A.L., Williams, D.L.: Bounded projections, duality and multipliers in spaces of analytic functions. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 162, 287–302 (1971)Zhu, K.: Operator Theory on Function Spaces, Math. Surveys and Monographs, Amer. Math. Soc. 138 (2007

Dysconnection in schizophrenia: from abnormal synaptic plasticity to failures of self-monitoring

Over the last 2 decades, a large number of neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies of patients with schizophrenia have furnished in vivo evidence for dysconnectivity, ie, abnormal functional integration of brain processes. While the evidence for dysconnectivity in schizophrenia is strong, its etiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and significance for clinical symptoms are unclear. First, dysconnectivity could result from aberrant wiring of connections during development, from aberrant synaptic plasticity, or from both. Second, it is not clear how schizophrenic symptoms can be understood mechanistically as a consequence of dysconnectivity. Third, if dysconnectivity is the primary pathophysiology, and not just an epiphenomenon, then it should provide a mechanistic explanation for known empirical facts about schizophrenia. This article addresses these 3 issues in the framework of the dysconnection hypothesis. This theory postulates that the core pathology in schizophrenia resides in aberrant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)–mediated synaptic plasticity due to abnormal regulation of NMDARs by neuromodulatory transmitters like dopamine, serotonin, or acetylcholine. We argue that this neurobiological mechanism can explain failures of self-monitoring, leading to a mechanistic explanation for first-rank symptoms as pathognomonic features of schizophrenia, and may provide a basis for future diagnostic classifications with physiologically defined patient subgroups. Finally, we test the explanatory power of our theory against a list of empirical facts about schizophrenia

Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications

Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article reviews the current status of this subject, including both recent advances and well-established results. The primary focus is on the basic physical principles underlying the generation of carrier spin polarization, spin dynamics, and spin-polarized transport in semiconductors and metals. Spin transport differs from charge transport in that spin is a nonconserved quantity in solids due to spin-orbit and hyperfine coupling. The authors discuss in detail spin decoherence mechanisms in metals and semiconductors. Various theories of spin injection and spin-polarized transport are applied to hybrid structures relevant to spin-based devices and fundamental studies of materials properties. Experimental work is reviewed with the emphasis on projected applications, in which external electric and magnetic fields and illumination by light will be used to control spin and charge dynamics to create new functionalities not feasible or ineffective with conventional electronics.Comment: invited review, 36 figures, 900+ references; minor stylistic changes from the published versio

The PHF21B gene is associated with major depression and modulates the stress response

Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects around 350 million people worldwide; however, the underlying genetic basis remains largely unknown. In this study, we took into account that MDD is a gene-environment disorder, in which stress is a critical component, and used whole-genome screening of functional variants to investigate the 'missing heritability' in MDD. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using single- and multi-locus linear mixed-effect models were performed in a Los Angeles Mexican-American cohort (196 controls, 203 MDD) and in a replication European-ancestry cohort (499 controls, 473 MDD). Our analyses took into consideration the stress levels in the control populations. The Mexican-American controls, comprised primarily of recent immigrants, had high levels of stress due to acculturation issues and the European-ancestry controls with high stress levels were given higher weights in our analysis. We identified 44 common and rare functional variants associated with mild to moderate MDD in the Mexican-American cohort (genome-wide false discovery rate, FDR, <0.05), and their pathway analysis revealed that the three top overrepresented Gene Ontology (GO) processes were innate immune response, glutamate receptor signaling and detection of chemical stimulus in smell sensory perception. Rare variant analysis replicated the association of the PHF21B gene in the ethnically unrelated European-ancestry cohort. The TRPM2 gene, previously implicated in mood disorders, may also be considered replicated by our analyses. Whole-genome sequencing analyses of a subset of the cohorts revealed that European-ancestry individuals have a significantly reduced (50%) number of single nucleotide variants compared with Mexican-American individuals, and for this reason the role of rare variants may vary across populations. PHF21b variants contribute significantly to differences in the levels of expression of this gene in several brain areas, including the hippocampus. Furthermore, using an animal model of stress, we found that Phf21b hippocampal gene expression is significantly decreased in animals resilient to chronic restraint stress when compared with non-chronically stressed animals. Together, our results reveal that including stress level data enables the identification of novel rare functional variants associated with MDD.M-L Wong, M Arcos-Burgos, S Liu, J I Vélez, C Yu, B T Baune, M C Jawahar, V Arolt, U Dannlowski, A Chuah, G A Huttley, R Fogarty, M D Lewis, S R Bornstein, and J Licini

Bounded analytic functions in the Dirichlet space

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46275/1/209_2005_Article_BF01163287.pd