The Effects of Internal Stress and Lithium Transport on Fracture in Storage Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Fracture of storage particles is considered to be one of the major reasons for capacity fade and increasing power loss in Li-ion batteries. In this work, we tackle the problem by merging a coupled model of mechanical stress and diffusion of Li-ions with a phase field description of an evolving crack. The novel approach allows us to study the evolution of the Li concentration together with the initiation and growth of a crack in an arbitrary geometry and without presuming a specific crack path

KOORDINASI CAMAT DAN KEPOLISIAN SEKTOR DALAM MENJAGA KEAMANAN DAN KETERTIBAN MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN PINOLOSIAN KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW SELATAN

Pemerintah pada dasarnya dibentuk untuk melayani masyarakat, terutama untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya. Keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat merupan salah satu kebutuhan dasar yang senangtiasa diharapkan masyarakat dalam melaksanakan aktivitas sehari-hari. Adanya rasa aman dan tertib dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat akan dapat meningkatakan taraf kesejateraan masyarakat, sebaliknya apabila masyarakat dihadapkan pada kondisi tidak aman maka akan mengganggu tatanan kehidupan bermasyarakat yang pada gilirannya pemenuhan taraf hidup akan terganggu pula. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Koordinasi Camat Dan Kepolisian Sektor Dalam Menjaga Keamanan Dan Ketertiban Masyarakat Di Kecamatan Pinolosian. Dengan menggunkan metode deskriptif kualitatif, diharpkan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan-permasalahan. Hasil peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa koordinasi yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kecamatan pinolosian dan kepolisian sektor pinolosian dalam menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat dilakukan melalui usaha kerja sama antar lembaga dalama pelaksanaan tugas-tugas tertentu yaitu melaksanakan rapat koordinasi disetiap awal bulan untuk menyusun rencana kerja dan di akhir bulan untuk mengevaluasi kegiatan yang telah disusun sebeumnya.Kata Kunci : Koordinasi, Keamanan, Ketertiban

Calidad de vida en pacientes renales estadio V en terapia sustitutoria de hemodiálisis comparado a Diálisis Peritoneal

La finalidad de este trabajo es analizar la calidad de vida de los pacientes renales en terapia sustitutoria de hemodiálisis comparado a diálisis peritoneal, bajo un enfoque cualitativo se desarrolló una exploración a nivel descriptivo, no experimental y de una revisión sistemática. Se realizó una revisión sistemática en base de datos Ibecs, Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed, Scielo y Crochrane , desde el año 2015 hasta 2020 seleccionándose artículos originales y temas de trabajo que aborden al tema , identificando 54 publicaciones de temas de calidad de vida y se han seleccionado los mas resaltantes siendo 20 publicaciones relacionados con mayor relación al tema. Las conclusiones son que la calidad de vida en pacientes renales en terapia sustitutoria de diálisis peritoneal es mejor de la hemodiálisi

High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis – Technology and Modeling

In the global quest to renounce from fossil fuels, a large demand for the renewable production of hydrogen via water electrolysis exists. In this context, the solid oxide electrolyzer (SOE) is an interesting technology due to its high efficiency resulting from elevated operating temperatures of up to 900 °C. Physical modeling plays a vital role in the development of SOEs, as it lowers experimental costs and provides insight where measurements reach limits. A main challenge for modeling SOEs is the multitude of physical effects, occurring and interacting on various spatial and temporal scales. This requires assumptions and simplifications, particularly when increasing scope and dimensions of a model. In this review, we discuss the different approaches currently available in literature

Expression and shedding of endothelial protein C receptor in prostate cancer cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Increasing evidences show that beyond its role in coagulation, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) interferes with carcinogenesis. Pro-carcinogenic effects of EPCR were linked with a raised generation of activated protein C (aPC) and anti-apoptotic signalling. This study was carried out to analyze the expression, cell surface exposition, and shedding of EPCR in normal and malignant prostate cell lines.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>EPCR expression is up-regulated both at the mRNA and protein levels in invasive prostate DU-145 and PC-3 cells in comparison to normal prostate epithelial cells (PrEC) and less-invasive LNCaP cells. Release of soluble EPCR (sEPCR) is induced by 12-myristate 13-acetate, ionomycin, H₂O₂, and disruptor of lipid rafts in PrEC, DU-145, and PC-3 cells. Furthermore, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but not interleukin-6 or interferon-γ increase sEPCR release. In LNCaP cells, neither pharmacological agents nor IL-1β or TNF-α result in a significant increase of sEPCR release. The effects of IL-1β and TNF-α on EPCR shedding in DU-145 cells are mediated by MEK/ERK 1/2, JNK, and p38 MAPK signalling cascades. In PC-3 cells, however, the MEK/ERK 1/2 pathway is down-regulated and incubation with cytokines did not elevate the phosphorylated ERK-1/2 fraction as in the case of DU-145 cells. Treatment with 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate (APMA), an activator of metalloproteases, causes a disproportionately large increase of sEPCR release in DU-145 and PC-3 cells, compared to PrEC and LNCaP cells. Finally, an increased release of sEPCR mediated by APMA treatment is shown to be connected with reduced generation of activated protein C indicating the functionality of EPCR in these cells.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The study demonstrates a number of substantial differences in expression and shedding of EPCR in prostate cancer cell lines in comparison with normal cells that may be relevant for understanding the role of this receptor in carcinogenesis.</p

An elementary 1-dimensional model for a solid state lithium-ion battery with a single ion conductor electrolyte and a lithium metal negative electrode

As noted above, this contribution is dedicated to Norman Fleck on the occasion of his 60th birthday. I have spent many happy hours in collaboration with Norman, and it has been highly productive, educational, rewarding and enjoyable to do so. I look forward to further interactions with him on the subject of this paper, lithium-ion batteries. This work was funded by the University of California, Santa Barbara and by the University of Aberdeen.Peer reviewedPostprin

A Modified Electrochemical Model to Account for Mechanical Effects Due to Lithium Intercalation and External Pressure

For a battery cell, both the porosity of the electrodes/separator and the transport distance of charged species can evolve due to mechanical deformation arising from either lithium intercalation-induced swelling and contraction of the active particles or externally applied mechanical loading. To describe accurately the coupling between mechanical deformation and the cell\u27s electrochemical response, we extend Newman\u27s DualFoil model to allow variable, non-uniform porosities in both electrodes and the separator, which are dynamically updated based on the electrochemical and mechanical states of the battery cell. In addition, the finite deformation theory from continuum mechanics is used to modify the electrochemical transport equations to account for the change of the charged species transport distance. The proposed coupled electrochemomechanical model is tested with a parameterized commercial cell. Our simulation results confirm that mass conservation is satisfied with the new formulation. We further show that mechanical effects have a significant impact on the cell\u27s electrochemical response at high charge/discharge rates

anti-Tricyclo­[4.2.1.12,5]deca-3,7-diene-9-endo,10-endo-diol

The title compound, C10H12O2, was synthesized as a candidate for further functionalization. The asymmetric unit comprises two independent mol­ecules, both of which are situated on a center of symmetry. Both mol­ecules are involved in a network of hydrogen bonding, with each alcohol group participating in one hydrogen bond as a donor and in a second hydrogen bond as an acceptor