CONDIÇÃO DE SAÚDE AUTO PERCEBIDA E PREVALÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS EM IDOSOS ATENDIDOS PELA ESTRATÉGIA DA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar a condição de saúde auto percebida e a prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em idosos atendidos pela Estratégia da Saúde da Família de um município da Região do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, RS. O método de pesquisa foi de natureza quantitativa com abordagem descritiva, de corte transversal. A amostra do estudo foi constituída de 50 idosos com variação de idade de 60 a 91 anos, composta por 66% de mulheres e 52% estão na faixa dos 60 aos 69 anos. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de dados foi um questionário contendo informações de auto percepção de saúde e prática de atividade física. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva através das distribuições de frequências absolutas (n) e relativas (%). Os resultados demonstraram que 72% dos idosos avaliaram seu estado de saúde como sendo positivo. A doença crônica não transmissível de maior prevalência foi a Hipertensão Arterial (64%), seguida pelas doenças osteoarticulares (artrite/reumatismo/artrose), com 36%. As dislipidemias foram citadas por 34% dos entrevistados e a diabetes por 28%. Considerando os resultados expostos, percebe-se que os idosos têm uma percepção positiva da sua saúde, mesmo convivendo com a presença de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.Palavras-chave: Auto percepção de Saúde. Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis. Envelhecimento. ABSTRACTThe present study aimed to identify the self - perceived health condition and the prevalence of chronic non - transmissible diseases in the elderly attended by the Family Health Strategy of a city in the Vale do Rio dos Sinos/RS. The research method was of a quantitative design with a descriptive and cross-sectional approach. For the collection of data was used a questionnaire containing information about self - perception of health and practice of physical activity. For the analysis of the data, the descriptive statistics were used through the distributions of absolute frequencies (n) and relative frequencies (%). The study sample consisted of 50 elderly people with 60 to 91 years, composed of 66% of women and 52% of 60 to 69 years. It was observed that 72% of the elderly evaluated their positive health status. The most prevalent non-transmissible chronic disease was Arterial Hypertension (64%), followed by osteoarticular diseases (arthritis / rheumatism / arthrosis), with 36%. Dyslipidemias were cited by 34% of respondents and diabetes by 28%. Considering the aforementioned results, it was observed that the elderly have a positive perception of their health, even living with the presence of chronic non-transmissible diseases.Keywords: Self-perception of health. Chronic non-transmissible diseases. Aging

CONDIÇÃO DE SAÚDE AUTO PERCEBIDA E PREVALÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS EM IDOSOS ATENDIDOS PELA ESTRATÉGIA DA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar a condição de saúde auto percebida e a prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em idosos atendidos pela Estratégia da Saúde da Família de um município da Região do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, RS. O método de pesquisa foi de natureza quantitativa com abordagem descritiva, de corte transversal. A amostra do estudo foi constituída de 50 idosos com variação de idade de 60 a 91 anos, composta por 66% de mulheres e 52% estão na faixa dos 60 aos 69 anos. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de dados foi um questionário contendo informações de auto percepção de saúde e prática de atividade física. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva através das distribuições de frequências absolutas (n) e relativas (%). Os resultados demonstraram que 72% dos idosos avaliaram seu estado de saúde como sendo positivo. A doença crônica não transmissível de maior prevalência foi a Hipertensão Arterial (64%), seguida pelas doenças osteoarticulares (artrite/reumatismo/artrose), com 36%. As dislipidemias foram citadas por 34% dos entrevistados e a diabetes por 28%. Considerando os resultados expostos, percebe-se que os idosos têm uma percepção positiva da sua saúde, mesmo convivendo com a presença de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Palavras-chave: Auto percepção de Saúde. Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis. Envelhecimento.   ABSTRACT The present study aimed to identify the self - perceived health condition and the prevalence of chronic non - transmissible diseases in the elderly attended by the Family Health Strategy of a city in the Vale do Rio dos Sinos/RS. The research method was of a quantitative design with a descriptive and cross-sectional approach. For the collection of data was used a questionnaire containing information about self - perception of health and practice of physical activity. For the analysis of the data, the descriptive statistics were used through the distributions of absolute frequencies (n) and relative frequencies (%). The study sample consisted of 50 elderly people with 60 to 91 years, composed of 66% of women and 52% of 60 to 69 years. It was observed that 72% of the elderly evaluated their positive health status. The most prevalent non-transmissible chronic disease was Arterial Hypertension (64%), followed by osteoarticular diseases (arthritis / rheumatism / arthrosis), with 36%. Dyslipidemias were cited by 34% of respondents and diabetes by 28%. Considering the aforementioned results, it was observed that the elderly have a positive perception of their health, even living with the presence of chronic non-transmissible diseases. Keywords: Self-perception of health. Chronic non-transmissible diseases. Aging

A Systematic Proteomic Study of Irradiated DNA Repair Deficient Nbn-Mice

BACKGROUND: The NBN gene codes for the protein nibrin, which is involved in the detection and repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). The NBN gene is essential in mammals. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have used a conditional null mutant mouse model in a proteomics approach to identify proteins with modified expression levels after 4 Gy ionizing irradiation in the absence of nibrin in vivo. Altogether, amongst approximately 8,000 resolved proteins, 209 were differentially expressed in homozygous null mutant mice in comparison to control animals. One group of proteins significantly altered in null mutant mice were those involved in oxidative stress and cellular redox homeostasis (p<0.0001). In substantiation of this finding, analysis of Nbn null mutant fibroblasts indicated an increased production of reactive oxygen species following induction of DSBs. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In humans, biallelic hypomorphic mutations in NBN lead to Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterised by extreme radiosensitivity coupled with growth retardation, immunoinsufficiency and a very high risk of malignancy. This particularly high cancer risk in NBS may be attributable to the compound effect of a DSB repair defect and oxidative stress

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 21,000 cases and 95,000 controls identifies new risk loci for atopic dermatitis

Genetic association studies have identified 21 loci associated with atopic dermatitis risk predominantly in populations of European ancestry. To identify further susceptibility loci for this common, complex skin disease, we performed a meta-analysis of >15 million genetic variants in 21,399 cases and 95,464 controls from populations of European, African, Japanese and Latino ancestry, followed by replication in 32,059 cases and 228,628 controls from 18 studies. We identified ten new risk loci, bringing the total number of known atopic dermatitis risk loci to 31 (with new secondary signals at four of these loci). Notably, the new loci include candidate genes with roles in the regulation of innate host defenses and T cell function, underscoring the important contribution of (auto)immune mechanisms to atopic dermatitis pathogenesis

Réactions redox du plutonium et de l'antimoine avec des minéraux de fers en milieux anoxique

Redox reactions of Sb(V) and Sb(III) with mackinawite (FeS) and of aqueous Pu(III) and Pu(V) with various Fe(II)-bearing minerals and Fe(III)-oxides have been investigated under anoxic conditions. X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to analyze oxidation state and local coordination environment of Sb and Pu associated with the solid phase. After reaction with mackinawite, chukanovite and magnetite, PuO2, Pu(III) or mixtures of the two oxidation states were observed. On magnetite, a tridentate Pu(III) surface complex could be identified from EXAFS combined with Feff-Monte-Carlo simulation. The relative amount of Pu(III) depends on the type of mineral, the solid/solution ratio, the system pe and pH, and, potentially, the particle size and crystallinity of the formed PuO2 solid phase. With mackinawite at pH 6.2 and a surface loading of 67 nmol/m2 and with magnetite up to pH 8.4 and a surface loading of 56 nmol/m2, only Pu(III) was identified associated with the solid phase. With maghemite containing residual Fe(II) at pH6, Pu(III) and Pu(IV) were present in, probably, inner-sphere surface complexes similar to the one formed by Pu(III) on magnetite. Under the given conditions (surface loadings ≤ 77 nmol/m2) formation of PuO2 was not observed. After reaction with hematite and goethite, Pu(IV) was the predominant oxidation state associated with the solid phase. Sorption and reduction of Sb(V) on mackinawite were strongly pH dependent. At acidic pH, sorption was fast and Sb(V) was completely reduced to an Sb(III)-sulfide complex associated with the solid phase. Reduction of Sb(V) was coupled to oxidation of mackinawite and formation of a greigite (Fe3S4) phase could be observed by XRD. At basic pH, Sb(V) was slowly removed from solution and reduction to Sb(III) was complete only at very small Sb/FeS ratios. At higher Sb/FeS, Sb(V) removal occurred partly through reduction to solid phase associated Sb(III)-S3 and partly through co-precipitation with Fe(III). In conclusion, it could be shown that Fe(II) bearing minerals can effectively contribute to the reduction and immobilization of antimony and plutonium, two contaminants of growing environmental importance.Les réactions d'oxydoréduction de l'antimoine (V) et (III) avec la mackinawite (FeS) et du plutonium (III) et (V) avec plusieurs minéraux à fer(II) et des oxydes de fer(III) ont été étudiées dans des conditions d'anoxie. La spectroscopie d'absorption des rayons X fut utilisée pour l'analyse de l'état d'oxydation et de la structure locale du Sb et Pu associés à la phase solide. Après réaction avec la mackinawite, la chukanovite et la magnétite, PuO2, Pu(III) ou des mixtures des deux états d'oxydation ont été observé. A la surface de la magnétite un complexe tridenté du Pu(III) a pu être mis en évidence à l'aide des spectres EXAFS couplé à une simulation de Monte-Carlo utilisant le code de calcul Feff. La quantité relative de Pu(III) est fonction de l'espèce minérale, du ratio solide/liquide, des valeurs pe et pH du système et, potentiellement, de la taille de particule et de la cristallinité de la phase solide de PuO2 en présence de laquelle le Pu(III) existe. Avec la mackinawite à pH 6,2 et à une occupation de surface de 67 nmol/m2 et avec la magnétite jusqu'à pH 8.4 et 56 nmol/m2 de Pu, uniquement du Pu(III) fut trouvé associé à la phase solide. Avec la maghémite contenant du fer(II) résiduel à pH6 Pu(III) et Pu(IV) était, probablement, présents dans des complexes de surfaces similaire à celui formé par le Pu(III) sur la magnétite. Dans les conditions expérimentales (couverture de surface ≤ 77 nmol/m2), aucune formation de PuO2 ne fut observé. Après réaction avec l'hématite et la goethite Pu(IV) était l'état d'oxydation prédominant associé à la phase solide. La sorption et la réduction du Sb(V) avec la mackinawite était fortement fonction du pH. A pH acide la sorption était rapide et Sb(V) fut complètement réduit en Sb(III), formant un complexe Sb(III)-S3 probablement associé à la surface de la mackinawite. La réduction du Sb(V) était couplée à l'oxydation de la mackinawite et la greigite (Fe3S4) fut détectée par XRD. A pH basique, la sorption du Sb(V) est lente et la réduction vers le Sb(III) n'était complète qu'à des ratios de Sb/FeS très bas. Pour des valeurs plus élevé de Sb/FeS la sorption de Sb se faisait en partie par la réduction envers le complexe de Sb(III)-S3 et en partie par une co-précipitation avec le Fe(III). Il a pu être démontré que les minéraux à fer(II) peuvent effectivement contribuer à la réduction et à l'immobilisation de l'antimoine et du plutonium qui sont des contaminants environnementaux d'importance croissante

Resenha: Experimento na escola: Um instrumento de ensino.

Relaciona como os experimentos na aula de Ciências Naturais vem sendo administrados em salas de aula, e ressalta a importancia deste na contrução das relações de conhecimentos dos alunos. Cabe ao professor estar bem preparado para fazer as perguntas direcionadas aos alunos que realizam o experimento. Nos experimento o professor sempre irá omitir algo pois para ele é óbvio, e o aluno que desconhece terá maior dificuldade de aprendizado do que aquele aluno que já conhece o experimento.</p

Abiotic redox reactions of antimony and plutonium under anoxic conditions

Les réactions d'oxydoréduction de l'antimoine (V) et (III) avec la mackinawite (FeS) et du plutonium (III) et (V) avec plusieurs minéraux à fer(II) et des oxydes de fer(III) ont été étudiées dans des conditions d'anoxie. La spectroscopie d'absorption des rayons X fut utilisée pour l'analyse de l'état d'oxydation et de la structure locale du Sb et Pu associés à la phase solide. Après réaction avec la mackinawite, la chukanovite et la magnétite, PuO2, Pu(III) ou des mixtures des deux états d'oxydation ont été observé. A la surface de la magnétite un complexe tridenté du Pu(III) a pu être mis en évidence à l'aide des spectres EXAFS couplé à une simulation de Monte-Carlo utilisant le code de calcul Feff. La quantité relative de Pu(III) est fonction de l'espèce minérale, du ratio solide/liquide, des valeurs pe et pH du système et, potentiellement, de la taille de particule et de la cristallinité de la phase solide de PuO2 en présence de laquelle le Pu(III) existe. Avec la mackinawite à pH 6,2 et à une occupation de surface de 67 nmol/m2 et avec la magnétite jusqu'à pH 8.4 et 56 nmol/m2 de Pu, uniquement du Pu(III) fut trouvé associé à la phase solide. Avec la maghémite contenant du fer(II) résiduel à pH6 Pu(III) et Pu(IV) était, probablement, présents dans des complexes de surfaces similaire à celui formé par le Pu(III) sur la magnétite. Dans les conditions expérimentales (couverture de surface ≤ 77 nmol/m2), aucune formation de PuO2 ne fut observé. Après réaction avec l'hématite et la goethite Pu(IV) était l'état d'oxydation prédominant associé à la phase solide. La sorption et la réduction du Sb(V) avec la mackinawite était fortement fonction du pH. A pH acide la sorption était rapide et Sb(V) fut complètement réduit en Sb(III), formant un complexe Sb(III)-S3 probablement associé à la surface de la mackinawite. La réduction du Sb(V) était couplée à l'oxydation de la mackinawite et la greigite (Fe3S4) fut détectée par XRD. A pH basique, la sorption du Sb(V) est lente et la réduction vers le Sb(III) n'était complète qu'à des ratios de Sb/FeS très bas. Pour des valeurs plus élevé de Sb/FeS la sorption de Sb se faisait en partie par la réduction envers le complexe de Sb(III)-S3 et en partie par une co-précipitation avec le Fe(III). Il a pu être démontré que les minéraux à fer(II) peuvent effectivement contribuer à la réduction et à l'immobilisation de l'antimoine et du plutonium qui sont des contaminants environnementaux d'importance croissante.Redox reactions of Sb(V) and Sb(III) with mackinawite (FeS) and of aqueous Pu(III) and Pu(V) with various Fe(II)-bearing minerals and Fe(III)-oxides have been investigated under anoxic conditions. X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to analyze oxidation state and local coordination environment of Sb and Pu associated with the solid phase. After reaction with mackinawite, chukanovite and magnetite, PuO2, Pu(III) or mixtures of the two oxidation states were observed. On magnetite, a tridentate Pu(III) surface complex could be identified from EXAFS combined with Feff-Monte-Carlo simulation. The relative amount of Pu(III) depends on the type of mineral, the solid/solution ratio, the system pe and pH, and, potentially, the particle size and crystallinity of the formed PuO2 solid phase. With mackinawite at pH 6.2 and a surface loading of 67 nmol/m2 and with magnetite up to pH 8.4 and a surface loading of 56 nmol/m2, only Pu(III) was identified associated with the solid phase. With maghemite containing residual Fe(II) at pH6, Pu(III) and Pu(IV) were present in, probably, inner-sphere surface complexes similar to the one formed by Pu(III) on magnetite. Under the given conditions (surface loadings ≤ 77 nmol/m2) formation of PuO2 was not observed. After reaction with hematite and goethite, Pu(IV) was the predominant oxidation state associated with the solid phase. Sorption and reduction of Sb(V) on mackinawite were strongly pH dependent. At acidic pH, sorption was fast and Sb(V) was completely reduced to an Sb(III)-sulfide complex associated with the solid phase. Reduction of Sb(V) was coupled to oxidation of mackinawite and formation of a greigite (Fe3S4) phase could be observed by XRD. At basic pH, Sb(V) was slowly removed from solution and reduction to Sb(III) was complete only at very small Sb/FeS ratios. At higher Sb/FeS, Sb(V) removal occurred partly through reduction to solid phase associated Sb(III)-S3 and partly through co-precipitation with Fe(III). In conclusion, it could be shown that Fe(II) bearing minerals can effectively contribute to the reduction and immobilization of antimony and plutonium, two contaminants of growing environmental importance