Craniofacial characteristics in children affected with Ectodermal Dysplasia

Obiettivo di questo studio osservazionale (caso-controllo) è descrivere le caratteristiche cranio-facciali di soggetti in età evolutiva affetti da Displasia Ectodermica mediante analisi cefalometrica di teleradiografie in proiezione latero-laterale. Il gruppo sperimentale è composto da 30 pazienti (7.9-13 anni) di genere maschile con diagnosi di Displasia Ectodermica; il gruppo controllo è composto da 32 pazienti appaiati per genere e età (7.5-13.6 anni) con anamnesi medica negativa. Sono state misurate e confrontate nei due gruppi (utilizzando il test statistico t di Student; p ≤0,05) le seguenti variabili cefalometriche: SNA, SNB, ANB, ANS-PNS/Me-Go,Ba-S-N, S-N/Go-Gn, Ar-Go-Me, FH/S-Me, N-S/ANS-PNS, N-S-Gn, SNPg, S-Ba, Go-Pg, N-ANS, N-Me, ANS-PNS, S-Pg, Ba-N, Go-Ar, S-ANS, ANS-Me, ANS-N-S, S-N. I risultati ottenuti evidenziano differenze significative nel pattern cranio-facciale nei pazienti affetti da Displasia Ectodermica: sul piano sagittale biretrusione mascellare rispetto alla base cranica, con tendenza alla terza classe scheletrica; sul piano verticale ipodivergenza mandibolare con riduzione della dimensione verticale del terzo inferiore del viso. Questo studio evidenzia l’utilità di integrare la pianificazione della riabilitazione odontoiatrica con una valutazione di tipo cefalometrico. Come prospettiva futura sarebbe interessante valutare se la riabilitazione odontoiatrica di questi pazienti si associ ad una modificazione del pattern di crescita cranio-facciale.The aim of this observational (case-control)study was to describe the lateral cephalometric craniofacial characteristics of children affected with Ectodermal Dysplasia . The experimental group consisted of 30 male patients diagnosed with Ectodermal Dysplasia (7.9-13 years); The control group used for comparison was composed of 32 patients matched for gender and age (7.5-13.6 years) with negative medical history. They variables measured and compared (using the Student t test; p ≤0,05)in the two groups are the follwing: SNA, SNB, ANB, ANS-PNS / Me-Go, Ba-SN, SN / Go- gn, Ar-Go-Me, FH / S-Me, NS / ANS-PNS, NS-Gen, SNPG, S-Ba, Go-Pg, ANS-N, N-Me, ANS-PNS, S-Pg, Ba-N, Go-Ar, S-ANS, ANS-Me, ANS-NS, SN. The results showed significant differences in the craniofacial pattern in the study group: bimaxillary retrusion compared to the cranial base, a tendency to a Class III skeletal pattern; a hypodivergent mandible with reduced vertical height of the lower third of the face. This study highlights the usefulness of performing a cephalometric assessment when planning oral prosthetic rehabilitations. A future field of research would be to assess the effects of prosthetic rehabilitation on the craniofacial growth pattern

The Effects of COVID-19 Confinement on the Spanish Family: Adaptation or Change?

Spain is one of the countries that has been most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. As a southern European country, Spain is characterized by high levels of sociability and the vital role of the family in its social structure. The intense confinement phase raised many questions about how the Spanish family would adapt to this crisis. This study analyzes the consequences of confinement on three areas of family life: the emotional state of its members, family relationships inside and outside the home, and the impact of ICTs on families in isolation. Only statistically representative data published by Spain’s main research institutes are used for this study. The results highlight the important adaptive capacity of the Spanish family, the activation of solidarity networks and the improvement in internal and external family relationships. This situation has served to accelerate the development of new technologies in the domestic sphere, with effects on the communicative relationship between its members and to open the debate on teleworking as a tool for reconciliation of work and family life.This study was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain under project CSO2017-86349-P; Project GESTIM (BBVA Foundation 35/2018), and ERDF Andalusia Programme financed by the European Union: Project #UMA18-FEDERJA-103

Effect of Health Education on Women's Perception Regarding Screening and Early Detection for Common Cancer Among Women at Reproductive Age at Beni - Suef City, Egypt

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem throughout the world and the leading cause of death among women. There are two major components of early detection of cancer: education to promote early diagnosis and screening. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent common cancer among women in Egypt and is estimated to be the cause of 22 percent all cancer-related female deaths. Although it affects many fewer women, cervical cancer is the 13th most common cancer among women in Egypt. Early detection of cancer greatly increases the chances for successful treatment. The aim of this study: To determine the effects of health education on women perception, screening and early detection for common cancer at reproductive age at Beni - Suef City, Egypt. Study design: Quasi- experimental research design was used. The study was funded through scientific research development center and all investigation was done free for each woman under the care of the Projects Funding and Granting Unit at Beni-Suef University. Setting: the study conducted at gynecological outpatient clinic at Beni- Suef University and General Hospital. Sampling. a purposive sample of 412womenat reproductive age were selected randomly. It was conducted from June 2016 till the end of December 2016. Tools: Data was collected through structured interview and field note that the researchers were taking during participants’ and screening of the study sample at 2 days a week for six months to collecting data from the study sample. Results: the result of this research showed that the common cancer appear was breast cancer followed by ovarian cancer among study sample. Conclusion: The research has succeeded in early detection and raising the women’s awareness to prevention which will reducing the incidence of common cancer among the women at reproductive age with statistical significant relation after implementing the program and 34.7% of the study sample are positive to breast cancer this detected by Mammography and 21% of them are positive to ovarian cancer which detected by cancer antigen 125 CA 125. Recommendation: The research results recommended that, guide lines should be implementing to enhancing women's knowledge and practice to early detection and prevention of common cancer among women at reproductive age. Keywords: Early detection, prevention, cancer, Reproductive ag

Design and comparison of printed antennas using meander line technique

The interest for compact antennas in wireless communication increase due to the portability and mobility of the communication devices. Generally, an antenna at low frequency exhibits in large physical size. This project investigates the design of an antenna at 400 MHz. The simulation of the antenna has been performed using CST MWS. Since medical applications are dealing with low frequency, it will lead to large size of antenna which brings a challenge for wireless personal area network (WPAN). It is well known that the antenna performance decreases (according to Chu’s equation) as the size of antenna decreases. Therefore, antenna miniaturization using Meander Line (ML) will be taking place to overcome the challenges. Thus, this paper presents a comparison between i) printed dipole antenna without meander line technique, ii) printed dipole with meander line technique and iii) printed monopole antenna with meander line technique. The results show that an estimation of reduction size by 50% can be achieved using Meander Line technique

Effect of early tranexamic acid administration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with post-partum haemorrhage (WOMAN): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Post-partum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Early administration of tranexamic acid reduces deaths due to bleeding in trauma patients. We aimed to assess the effects of early administration of tranexamic acid on death, hysterectomy, and other relevant outcomes in women with post-partum haemorrhage. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited women aged 16 years and older with a clinical diagnosis of post-partum haemorrhage after a vaginal birth or caesarean section from 193 hospitals in 21 countries. We randomly assigned women to receive either 1 g intravenous tranexamic acid or matching placebo in addition to usual care. If bleeding continued after 30 min, or stopped and restarted within 24 h of the first dose, a second dose of 1 g of tranexamic acid or placebo could be given. Patients were assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight numbered packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Participants, care givers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. We originally planned to enrol 15 000 women with a composite primary endpoint of death from all-causes or hysterectomy within 42 days of giving birth. However, during the trial it became apparent that the decision to conduct a hysterectomy was often made at the same time as randomisation. Although tranexamic acid could influence the risk of death in these cases, it could not affect the risk of hysterectomy. We therefore increased the sample size from 15 000 to 20 000 women in order to estimate the effect of tranexamic acid on the risk of death from post-partum haemorrhage. All analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This trial is registered with ISRCTN76912190 (Dec 8, 2008); ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00872469; and PACTR201007000192283. Findings Between March, 2010, and April, 2016, 20 060 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive tranexamic acid (n=10 051) or placebo (n=10 009), of whom 10 036 and 9985, respectively, were included in the analysis. Death due to bleeding was significantly reduced in women given tranexamic acid (155 [1·5%] of 10 036 patients vs 191 [1·9%] of 9985 in the placebo group, risk ratio [RR] 0·81, 95% CI 0·65–1·00; p=0·045), especially in women given treatment within 3 h of giving birth (89 [1·2%] in the tranexamic acid group vs 127 [1·7%] in the placebo group, RR 0·69, 95% CI 0·52–0·91; p=0·008). All other causes of death did not differ significantly by group. Hysterectomy was not reduced with tranexamic acid (358 [3·6%] patients in the tranexamic acid group vs 351 [3·5%] in the placebo group, RR 1·02, 95% CI 0·88–1·07; p=0·84). The composite primary endpoint of death from all causes or hysterectomy was not reduced with tranexamic acid (534 [5·3%] deaths or hysterectomies in the tranexamic acid group vs 546 [5·5%] in the placebo group, RR 0·97, 95% CI 0·87-1·09; p=0·65). Adverse events (including thromboembolic events) did not differ significantly in the tranexamic acid versus placebo group. Interpretation Tranexamic acid reduces death due to bleeding in women with post-partum haemorrhage with no adverse effects. When used as a treatment for postpartum haemorrhage, tranexamic acid should be given as soon as possible after bleeding onset. Funding London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Pfizer, UK Department of Health, Wellcome Trust, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Ten golden rules for optimal antibiotic use in hospital settings: the WARNING call to action

Antibiotics are recognized widely for their benefits when used appropriately. However, they are often used inappropriately despite the importance of responsible use within good clinical practice. Effective antibiotic treatment is an essential component of universal healthcare, and it is a global responsibility to ensure appropriate use. Currently, pharmaceutical companies have little incentive to develop new antibiotics due to scientific, regulatory, and financial barriers, further emphasizing the importance of appropriate antibiotic use. To address this issue, the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery established an international multidisciplinary task force of 295 experts from 115 countries with different backgrounds. The task force developed a position statement called WARNING (Worldwide Antimicrobial Resistance National/International Network Group) aimed at raising awareness of antimicrobial resistance and improving antibiotic prescribing practices worldwide. The statement outlined is 10 axioms, or “golden rules,” for the appropriate use of antibiotics that all healthcare workers should consistently adhere in clinical practice

Low-code platforms as an enabler for value creation

Digitalization and development of technologies in this era have increased tremendously andresulted in a demand for even better solutions to current problems. The lack of softwaredevelopers is for instance an obstacle for companies to grow and be more productive when tryingto create applications because some software is only limited to IT experts. Therefore it is seen asimportant to create solutions with applications in other ways than traditional coding, such asusing low-code platforms. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to identify the challenges,possibilities, and value of using a low-code platform by citizen developers without previousprogramming knowledge. Based on the purpose, the following research questions are addressed:1. What are the challenges with using low-code platforms?2. What are the possibilities with using low-code platforms?3. What type of value can be created when using low-code platforms?This case study was a collaboration with Mälardalen Industrial Technology Center (MITC)where the issue concerned a need for a proper digital booking system for the organization's roomsand tools. This resulted in the idea of creating an application with a suitable low-code platform.The used platform for this study was mainly PowerApps by Microsoft. This qualitative study hasbeen approached with a deductive method where the study is based on existing theories.Empirical data were obtained from interviews with people from MITC, a researcher from MDU,and an employee from Company X.The conclusions of the challenges with LCP are that it can be difficult in the beginning ofimplementation, and some knowledge in programming is needed before using it. This is becausemore complex codes might be needed when using LCPs. It can also increase the security riskswhen it comes to for instance data availability and give access to the wrong people. There isalmost no information about the utilization of LCPs which is another challenge that might leadto hesitation for new users of LCPs. The economic challenges are stopping small and largeorganizations from becoming more cost-effective since it limits the choice of platforms due tobeing advanced or expensive. The technical challenges are mostly because of the limitations ofprogramming experience among the citizen developers.Despite the challenges, LCP brings a lot of possibilities, one is that more people can developadvanced applications and enhance their own processes. This will increase the rapidity and savetime since it will be less coding than the traditional way. Another possibility is that there areseveral predictions mentioning the current demand and growth of LCP, which means thatcompanies can take advantage of these platforms to increase their competitiveness by generatinga final product faster when testing new ideas. Moreover, it can also remove non-value-addingactivities such as waiting time. Therefore, thanks to LCP, concepts can be created faster whichin turn will generate value for companies and save time. Finally, LCPs can create more value byproviding better visualization and companies can present ideas in a better way.Keywords: Citizen development, citizen developer, low-code, low-code platform (LCP), lowcode development platform, value creation, digitalization projects, value adding activitie

Baby Intensive Early Active Treatment (babiEAT): A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of Feeding Therapy for Infants with Cerebral Palsy and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

Cerebral palsy (CP), results in impairment of muscle function including the face, mouth, and throat, leading to oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD), which affects 85% of children with CP. OPD increases risk of deficiencies in growth, neurological development, and aspiration pneumonia, a leading cause of death in CP. This pilot randomised controlled trial aimed to (i) assess feasibility and acceptability of a novel neuroplasticity and motor-learning feeding intervention program, Baby Intensive Early Active Treatment (babiEAT), and standard care, and (ii) explore preliminary efficacy of babiEAT on health and caregiver feeding-related quality of life (QoL). A total of 14 infants with both CP and OPD were randomly allocated to 12 weeks of babiEAT or standard care. Results indicate that babiEAT and standard care are equally feasible, and acceptable. Parents in the babiEAT group thought recommendations were significantly more effective than standard care parents, were more likely to recommend the program to a friend and reported higher QoL. babiEAT infants showed significantly greater efficiency in fluid intake, fewer compensatory strategies with cup drinking, consumption of more advanced food textures, and shorter mealtimes without impacting intake, aspiration risk, or weight. This small pilot study shows promise for babiEAT in infants with CP and OPD. Further research is needed to determine strength of its effects

Same-same but different: integrating central university support and faculty-specific knowledge for mentor training. A Practice Report

Mentoring literature often cites a tension between local initiatives that target the needs of specific groups and more efficient centralised programs addressing common concerns across a larger population. For several years, the University of Sydney has had a Mentoring Network consisting of the faculties of Arts and Social Sciences, Health Sciences, Science, Sydney Law School and the Business School. These faculties have worked together to develop a community of best practice for mentoring programs at our large, multi-campus institution, and for the past two years have included a representative from Student Support Services to incorporate a centralised support component into their faculty-specific training programs. This Practice Report showcases the work of the University of Sydney Mentoring Network in combining central university services with faculty-based mentoring.<br /